 | | Comparison of Outcomes between Open and Arthroscopic Rotato Cuff Repair | Comparison of Outcomes between Open and Arthroscopic Rotato Cuff Repair
Comparison of Outcomes between Open and Arthroscopic Rotato Cuff Repair
Overview
Surgical techniques for rotator cuff repair, namely, open and arthroscopic methods. In this study, a total of 100 patients diagnosed with rotator cuff tears and treated at Seyhan State Hospital in the past five years were enrolled, considering the same inclusion criteria for both groups. (The study groups consisted of 50 patients who underwent open rotator cuff repair and 50 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair).
Rotator cuff tears represent a common cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction, which often requires surgical intervention for definitive treatment. Two primary surgical techniques have been described in the literature: open repair and arthroscopic repair. Both approaches have been extensively studied and are known to have their own specific advantages and disadvantages
This study suggests that, while there are no significant differences in terms of clinical outcomes between the two surgical methods, short-term pain levels may be influenced by the more frequent application of acromioplasty in arthroscopic methods. (Therefore, the choice of the surgical method should be made based on the unique characteristics, including the location and size, the patient’s overall health status, and the surgeon’s experience. (These findings should be used as a guide and not as absolute results).
Author Sharespike | 3 | | R485.00 |  |
| | Urinary Tract Infection in Women | Urinary Tract Infection in Women
Urinary Tract Infection in Women
Overview
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur far more commonly in women, accounting for at least 8 million visits to various types of healthcare facilities in the United States per year. Cystitis (bladder infection) represents most of these infections (see the image below). 20% of women suffer from at least one UTI in their lifetime. Related terms include pyelonephritis, which refers to upper UTI, and bacteriuria or funguria, which describe findings of bacteria or yeast, respectively, in the urine.
Formulation of a successful diagnostic and treatment plan is based on determining the location of the UTI; underlying physical impairments of the patient, such as diabetes; complicating factors such as nephrolithiasis; prostatic abnormalities; and the presence of resistant organism’s Urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur far more commonly in women, accounting for at least 8 million visits to various types of healthcare facilities in the United States per year. Cystitis (bladder infection) represents most of these infections. 20% of women suffer from at least one UTI in their lifetime. Related terms include pyelonephritis, which refers to upper UTI, and bacteriuria or funguria, which describe findings of bacteria or yeast, respectively, in the urine.
Formulation of a successful diagnostic and treatment plan is based on determining the location of the UTI; underlying physical impairments of the patient, such as diabetes; complicating factors such as nephrolithiasis; prostatic abnormalities; and the presence of resistant organisms
Author: Sharespike | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Autism Spectrum Screening Checklist (ASSC): The Development of a Scale to Identify High-Risk Individuals within the Children’s Mental Health System | Autism Spectrum Screening Checklist (ASSC): The Development of a Scale to Identify High-Risk Individuals within the Children’s Mental Health System
Autism Spectrum Screening Checklist (ASSC): The Development of a Scale to Identify High-Risk Individuals within the Children’s Mental Health System
Overview Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex childhood onset neurodevelopmental disorder that has become the fastest growing developmental disability. Due to the increased demand for diagnostic assessments and subsequent increased wait times, standardized screening as part of regular clinical practice is needed. More specifically there is an important need for the development of a more streamlined screening tool within an existing assessment system to identify those at greatest risk of having ASD. The ASSC scale provides an initial screen to help identify children and youth at heightened risk for autism within larger populations being assessed as part of routine practice. The main goal for the development and implementation of the ASSC scale is to harness the power of the existing interRAl assessment system to provide a more efficient, effective screening and referral process. This will ultimately help improve patient outcomes through needs-based care.
Journal Frontiers in Psychiatry Volume 12 | 3 | | R495.00 | |
| | The Child and Adolescent Family Functioning Inventory (CAFFI): Development and Psychometric Properties | The Child and Adolescent Family Functioning Inventory (CAFFI): Development and Psychometric Properties
The Child and Adolescent Family Functioning Inventory (CAFFI): Development and Psychometric Properties
Overview Substantial empirical support exists demonstrating the efficacy of family therapy in the treatment of serious child and adolescent mental illness. Family dynamics play an important role in a child’s mental health condition and research has shown that as family functioning improves with treatment, the severity of a child’s symptoms decreases. Therefore, the ability to quickly and efficiently assess key areas of family functioning is essential in clinical practice. This paper describes the development and psychometric properties of the Child and Adolescent Family Functioning Inventory (CAFFI), a brief, no cost, publicly available clinical assessment instrument. The CAFFI can be used to both quickly identify key family dynamics at the start of treatment that require immediate clinical attention, as well as an outcome measure to track and demonstrate the family’s clinical progress over time.
Journal Journal of Psychology & Psychotherapy | 3 | | R495.00 | |
| | Ethical Issues in Schizophrenia | Ethical Issues in Schizophrenia
Ethical Issues in Schizophrenia
Overview The schizophrenia spectrum disorders are defined by abnormalities in one or more of the following domains: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking (speech), grossly disorganized or abnormal motor behaviour (including catatonia), and negative symptoms (1). Associated with significant social and occupational dysfunction, schizophrenia is arguably one of the most debilitating diagnoses an individual can have. Schizophrenia can be a devastating illness, not only through its effects on the individual patient’s functioning and quality of life but also through its effect on the individual’s core personality and unique characteristics. In addition, because patients with schizophrenia commonly lack insight into their disorder and/or their need for treatment, patients and their families may struggle to obtain appropriate, comprehensive, and ongoing care.
Journal: Focus Volume 18 Issue 4
| 3 | | R495.00 | |
| | Learning Disabilities Elevate Children’s Risk for Behavioral-Emotional Problems | Learning Disabilities Elevate Children’s Risk for Behavioral-Emotional Problems
Learning Disabilities Elevate Children’s Risk for Behavioral-Emotional Problems
Overview
Our purpose was to study the frequency of behavioural-emotional problems among children identified with a learning disability (LD).
The study analysed the effect of the severity of LD and gender on the number of behavioural-emotional symptoms reported by teachers and parents. Alarmingly high percentages of children, irrespective of LD type, demonstrated behavioural-emotional problems: more than 37% in Affective, Anxiety, and Attention- Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) problems. Contextual variation was large, as more problems were reported by teachers than by mothers. The unique effects of gender and LD type were rare, but the results raised concern for those with MD-only, especially boys. The results underscore the need to draw attention to the importance of assessing children with LD for behavioural-emotional problems and emphasize the importance of teachers’ awareness of behavioural-emotional problems among students with LD and cooperation among child, teacher, and parents in assessment and support planning.
Journal: Journal of learning Disabilities 2022 Volume 55 Issue 6
| 3 | | R480.00 | |
| | Ethical and Legal Issues in Psychotherapy | Ethical and Legal Issues in Psychotherapy
Ethical and Legal Issues in Psychotherapy
Overview Psychotherapeutic interventions are part and parcel of the management of various psychiatric disorders. Pharmacotherapy for most psychiatric disorders is often combined with psychotherapy to improve the overall outcome. Over the years, different types (Psychoanalytic, Cognitive Behaviour, Family, Interpersonal, Supportive, Eclectic, and Brief therapies) and different schools of psychotherapy have emerged and the modality of carrying out psychotherapy has also changed from in person psychotherapy to e therapy. E therapies are being carried out by using synchronous and asynchronous methods. Despite all this, it is evident that there are certain common ingredients for all kinds of psychotherapies.
Multiple efforts have been made to define psychotherapy. However, till today the definition of psychotherapy given by Wolberg is comprehensive, which defines it as “a treatment, by psychological means, of problems of an emotional nature in which a trained person deliberately establishes a professional relationship with the patient with the objective of removing, modifying or retarding existing symptoms; mediating disturbed patterns of behaviour and promoting positive personality growth and development.”
The basic aim of these guidelines is to establish minimum ethical standards for practice of psychotherapy by the psychiatrists
Journal
Indian Journal of Psychiatry
| 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Relationship between chronic disease and depression: the mediating effect of pain | Relationship between chronic disease and depression: the mediating effect of pain
Relationship between chronic disease and depression: the mediating effect of pain
Overview The incidence of depression was high in people who were female, less educated, unmarried, living in rural areas, and working. Chronic diseases have a high incidence in China and may cause pain and depression. However, the association of chronic diseases with pain and the incidence of depression has not been comprehensively investigated.
The study population was obtained from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The main outcome was the incidence of depression. The main independent variable was chronic disease (no chronic disease, one chronic disease, and two or more chronic diseases). The mediators were the degree of pain (no pain, mild pain, and moderate to severe pain) and whether measures were taken to relieve pain (measures taken and no measures taken). In conclusion the degree of pain had a partial mediating effect on chronic disease and depression. Pain relief measures should be considered when treating patients with depression.
| 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Going Beyond the Visible in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Defence Mechanisms and their Associations with Depression and Health-Related Quality of Life | Going Beyond the Visible in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Defence Mechanisms and their Associations with Depression and Health-Related Quality of Life
Going Beyond the Visible in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Defence Mechanisms and their Associations with Depression and Health-Related Quality of Life
Overview
Clinical psychological features may impact a person’s aptitude to deal with chronic diseases, leading to emotional distress, suffering, and a worse perceived quality of life (QoL). Chronic diseases are largely represented, and their incidence is constantly increasing all over the world. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases and it is very difficult to manage, demanding long term self-management, which improves the perceived QoL. The aim of this study was to explore defence mechanisms, depression, QoL, time since diagnosis, and metabolic control in T2DM patients.
In conclusion of the study the correlations between defence mechanisms, depression and health-related QoL highlight the potential personification and protagonization, which may increase over time due to the illness intrusiveness and worsening of diabetes symptoms. The positive association between defensive strategies and well-being measures should be cautiously considered. URL: Going Beyond the Visible in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Defence Mechanisms and Their Associations With Depression and Health-Related Quality of Life (nih.gov) | 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Prevention of Common Mental Disorders | Prevention of Common Mental Disorders
Prevention of Common Mental Disorders
Overview
This article provides information on how to prevent common mental disorders such as depression and anxiety disorders. The concept of resilience was discussed with reference to risk factors and factors protecting against mental disorders.
The article deals with the prevention of mental disorders, describing its specificity and types. It also focuses on the importance of early intervention in the prevention of mental disorders, emphasizing the need for action already at the stage of infancy. The issues of difficulties in self-regulation in early childhood as a risk factor for the development of disorders in the area of mental health were also discussed, and the possibilities of preventive interventions in this regard were discussed
Statistics show that every year more and more people, including children and adolescents, suffer from mental disorders. Despite alarming data, government spending in the mental health area still does not meet mental health needs. Mental disorders are conditioned by many factors, both non-modifiable and modifiable. Modification of risk factors may, therefore, become an opportunity to reduce the probability of mental disorders, but it requires appropriately adapted interactions
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Psychological Distress during the Retirement Transition and the Role of Psychosocial Working Conditions and Social Living Environment | Psychological Distress during the Retirement Transition and the Role of Psychosocial Working Conditions and Social Living Environment
Psychological Distress during the Retirement Transition and the Role of Psychosocial Working Conditions and Social Living Environment
Mental health is determined by social, biological, and cultural factors and is sensitive to life transitions. We examine how psychosocial working conditions, social living environment, and cumulative risk factors are associated with mental health changes during the retirement transition.
Mental disorders are one of the leading causes of ill-health and disability, increasing the risk of chronic physical conditions and mortality. Mental health is determined by a range of socioeconomic, biological, and cultural factors and is sensitive to major life changes and transitions. Retirement is an important transitional period in late adulthood, traditionally considered as a stressful event, having negative consequences on mental health due to changes in established routines, loss of work-related roles and activities, and reduced income levels. However, there is accumulating evidence of retirement having positive effects on mental health potentially as a consequence of relief from stressful work, increased leisure time, increased physical activity longer sleep duration and fewer sleep difficulties
| 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Psychotherapy: Processes of Meaning Making and Self Transformation | Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Psychotherapy: Processes of Meaning Making and Self Transformation
Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Psychotherapy: Processes of Meaning Making and Self Transformation
MS is a central nervous system disease which is characterised by demyelination, inflammation and neurodegeneration. There are about 2.2 million cases of MS worldwide.
The progression of the illness exhibits significant individual variation ranging from vision problems, fatigue, spasticity and pain to cognitive dysfunction and mood disorders
Recent empirical literature on autoimmune diseases has focused extensively on the implementation and evaluation of psychosocial interventions. Psychotherapy and counselling processes for multiple sclerosis (MS) have gained special attention given the cognitive and behavioural dimensions of the symptoms as well as their unpredictable course. The current study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the meaning making processes for persons with MS (PwMS) who are in psychotherapy treatment.
| 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Enhanced perioperative care in emergency general surgery: the WSES position paper | Enhanced perioperative care in emergency general surgery: the WSES position paper
Enhanced perioperative care in emergency general surgery: the WSES position paper
Overview Enhanced perioperative care protocols become the standard of care in elective surgery with a significant improvement in patients’ outcome. The key element of the enhanced perioperative care protocol is the multimodal and interdisciplinary approach targeted to the patient, focused on a holistic approach to reduce surgical stress and improve perioperative recovery. Enhanced perioperative care in emergency general surgery is still a debated topic with little evidence available. The present position paper illustrates the existing evidence about perioperative care in emergency surgery patients with a focus on each perioperative intervention in the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative phase. For each item was proposed and approved a statement by the WSES collaborative group.
Journal World Journal of Emergency Surgery Citation Ceresoli et al. World Journal of Emergency Surgery (2023) 18:47 | 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Evaluation of the advantages of robotic versus laparoscopic surgery in elderly patients with colorectal cancer | Evaluation of the advantages of robotic versus laparoscopic surgery in elderly patients with colorectal cancer
Evaluation of the advantages of robotic versus laparoscopic surgery in elderly patients with colorectal cancer
Overview The incidence of colorectal cancer increases with aging. Curative-intent surgery based on a minimally invasive concept is expected to bring survival benefits to elderly patients (aged over 80 years) with colorectal cancer who are frequently with fragile health status and advanced tumours. The study explored survival outcomes in this patient population who received robotic or laparoscopic surgery and aimed to identify an optimal surgical option for those patients. The clinical materials and follow-up data were retrieved on elderly patients with colorectal carcinoma who received robotic or laparoscopic surgery in our institution. The pathological and surgical outcomes were compared to examine the efficacy and safety of the two approaches. The DFS (disease-free survival) and OS (overall survival) results at 3 years after surgery were assessed to explore the survival benefits. It was concluded that robotic surgery was prized for elderly patients with colorectal cancer who developed anemia and/or haematological conditions.
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9942364/pdf/12877_2023_Article_3822.pdf
Journal BMC Geriatrics | 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | CT and clinical features for distinguishing endophytic clear cell renal cell carcinoma from urothelial carcinoma | CT and clinical features for distinguishing endophytic clear cell renal cell carcinoma from urothelial carcinoma
CT and clinical features for distinguishing endophytic clear cell renal cell carcinoma from urothelial carcinoma
Overview The aim was to characterize the clinical and multiphase computed tomography (CT) features of the distinguishing endophytic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ECCRCC) from endophytic renal urothelial carcinoma (ERUC). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine independent predictors for ECCRCC and to construct a predictive model that comprised clinical and CT characteristics for the differential diagnosis of ECCRCC and ERUC. Differential diagnostic performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The independent predictors of ECCRCC were heterogeneous enhancement (odds ratio [OR] = 0.027, P = .005), hematuria (OR for gross hematuria = 53.995, P = .003; OR for microscopic hematuria = 31.126, P = .027), and an infiltrative growth pattern (OR = 24.301, P = .022). The AUC of the predictive model was 0.938 (P < .001, sensitivity = 84.10%, specificity = 95.20%), which had a better diagnostic performance than heterogeneous enhancement (AUC = 0.766, P = .001, sensitivity = 81.82%, specificity = 71.43%), hematuria (AUC = 0.786, P < .001, sensitivity = 81.82%, specificity = 66.67%), and infiltrative growth pattern (AUC = 0.748, P = .001, sensitivity = 90.48%, specificity = 59.09%). The independent predictors, as well as the predictive model of CT and clinical characteristics, may assist in the differential diagnosis of ECCRCC and ERUC and provide useful information for clinical decision making.
Journal Diagnostic Interventional Radiology
| 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Long-Term Outcomes of Venous Resections in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients | Long-Term Outcomes of Venous Resections in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients
Long-Term Outcomes of Venous Resections in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients
Overview The objective was to investigate whether pancreatic resections (PR) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with worse survival when resection of the superior mesenteric vein/portal vein (SMV/PV) is required. PR for PDAC with resection of the superior mesenteric vein/portal vein (SMV/PV, PR+V resection) may be associated with inferior overall survival (OS) compared with PR without the need for SMV/PV resection (PR–V). We hypothesized that PR+V results in lower OS compared with PR–V. Overall, 2403 patients were identified. Six hundred two underwent exploration only (EXP group), whereas 412 underwent pancreatic resection with (PR+V group) and 1389 (PR–V) without SMV/PV resection. Five-year OS for the PR+V group was lower (20% vs 30%) compared with PR–V, although multivariate Cox proportional hazards modeling could not associate PR+V status with OS (Hazard ratio 1.11, P = 0.408). When correcting for confounders, PR+V was not associated with lower OS compared with PR–V. Journal Annals of Surgery Open | 3 | | R450.00 | |
| | Can YouTube be used as an educational tool in lymphedema rehabilitation? | Can YouTube be used as an educational tool in lymphedema rehabilitation?
Can YouTube be used as an educational tool in lymphedema rehabilitation?
Overview Lymphedema is defined as the abnormal accumulation of interstitial fluid and fibro-adipose tissues resulting from injury, infection, or congenital abnormalities of the lymphatic system. The gold standard approach in the treatment of lymphedema is Complete Decongestive Therapy and it has many components that require practical knowledge and skills. YouTube can be a useful tool to provide these skills to healthcare professionals and patients. The aim of this study was to examine the videos about lymphedema rehabilitation on YouTube and analyse their technical features, sources, contents, educational value and reliability. The biggest obstacle for YouTube to be an excellent source of information is that it hosts large volumes of uncontrolled and low-quality data. When YouTube content related to lymphedema rehabilitation was examined, it was observed that many videos were quite insufficient and incomplete even though there were useful videos. If careful controlling measures are implemented and if medical videos aim to meet reliability and GQS criteria, YouTube can become an effective and useful source of information for lymphedema rehabilitation.
Journal Archives of Physiotherapy | 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Causal mechanisms of a scapular stabilization intervention for patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial | Causal mechanisms of a scapular stabilization intervention for patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Causal mechanisms of a scapular stabilization intervention for patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Overview Causal mediation analysis is one way to bridge this gap by exploring the causal pathways of a given intervention. The aim of this study was to assess whether scapular motion, position, and periscapular muscle strength are mediators for pain and shoulder disability outcomes following a scapular stabilization intervention for patients with subacromial pain syndrome. The results demonstrated that none of the putative mediators were influenced by the intervention. However, muscle strength of serratus anterior, upper, middle, and lower trapezius muscles was associated with shoulder disability. Scapular kinematic and periscapular muscle strength did not mediate the effect of scapular stabilization exercises on shoulder pain or disability scores in subjects with subacromial pain syndrome. Muscle strength of serratus anterior, upper, middle and lower trapezius was associated with shoulder disability scores at 8-weeks follow-up.
Journal Archives of Physiotherapy | 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | The role of CT in decision for acute appendicitis treatment | The role of CT in decision for acute appendicitis treatment
The role of CT in decision for acute appendicitis treatment
Overview Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdomen requiring surgery. Although the standard treatment has been surgery, it has been seen in recent years that treatment is possible with antibiotics and non-operative observation. In this study, our aim is to determine whether the computed tomography (CT) findings in patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis can be used for directing treatment. As the successful and unsuccessful medical treatment groups were compared, the only significant parameter was the severity of mural enhancement (P = .005). CT findings may be helpful in patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis whose treatment surgeons are indecisive about. We can recommend surgical treatment in cases with appendix diameter =13 mm, intra-abdominal free fluid, appendicolith, high CT appendicitis score, and severe mural enhancement.
Journal Diagnostic Interventional Radiology
| 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Incidence rate and risk factors of surgical wound infection in general surgery patients: A cross-sectional study | Incidence rate and risk factors of surgical wound infection in general surgery patients: A cross-sectional study
Incidence rate and risk factors of surgical wound infection in general surgery patients: A cross-sectional study
Overview Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are considered a major challenge in health care systems. One of the main HAIs, playing an important role in increased morbidity and mortality, is surgical wound infection. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the incidence rate and risk factors of surgical wound infection in general surgery patients. This cross-sectional study was performed on 506 patients undergoing general surgery at Razi hospital in Rasht from 2019 to 2020. Bacterial isolates, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, antibiotic administration, and its type, operation duration and shift, the urgency of surgery, people involved in changing dressings, length of hospitalisation, and levels of haemoglobin, albumin, and white blood cells after surgery were assessed. The frequency of surgical wound infection and its association with patient characteristics and laboratory results were evaluated. Among these, Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant species, followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci. In addition, the most common Gram-negative isolates identified were Escherichia coli bacteria. Overall, administration of antibiotics, emergency surgery, surgery duration, and levels of white blood cells and creatinine were identified as surgical wound infection associated risk factors. Identifying important risk factors could help control or prevent surgical wound infections.
Journal Int Wound Journal. | 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Acceptability and deliverability of an auditory rhythmical cueing (ARC) training programme for use at home and outdoors to improve gait and physical activity post-stroke | Acceptability and deliverability of an auditory rhythmical cueing (ARC) training programme for use at home and outdoors to improve gait and physical activity post-stroke
Acceptability and deliverability of an auditory rhythmical cueing (ARC) training programme for use at home and outdoors to improve gait and physical activity post-stroke
Overview Although laboratory studies demonstrate that training programmes using auditory rhythmical cueing (ARC) may improve gait post-stroke, few studies have evaluated this intervention in the home and outdoors where deployment may be more appropriate. This manuscript reports stakeholder refinement of an ARC gait and balance training programme for use at home and outdoors, and a study which assessed acceptability and deliverability of this programme. Programme design and content were refined during stakeholder workshops involving physiotherapists and stroke survivors. A two-group acceptability and deliverability study was then undertaken. It was concluded that an ARC gait and balance training programme refined by key stakeholders was feasible to deliver and acceptable to participants and providers.
Archives of Physiotherapy Vol. 12, Issue 1 | 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Clinical Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation Combined with Transarterial Chemoembolization Using Degradable Starch Microsphere Mixed with Mitomycin C for the Treatment of Non-hepatocellular Carcinoma Malignant Liver Tumours | Clinical Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation Combined with Transarterial Chemoembolization Using Degradable Starch Microsphere Mixed with Mitomycin C for the Treatment of Non-hepatocellular Carcinoma Malignant Liver Tumours
Clinical Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation Combined with Transarterial Chemoembolization Using Degradable Starch Microsphere Mixed with Mitomycin C for the Treatment of Non-hepatocellular Carcinoma Malignant Liver Tumours
Overview The purpose was to retrospectively evaluate the outcomes of radiofrequency ablation combined with transarterial chemoembolization using degradable starch microspheres for non-hepatocellular carcinoma malignant liver tumours. Technical success, safety, local tumour progression, and overall survival were evaluated. Safety was assessed according to the clinical practice guideline of the Society of Interventional Radiology. All treatment procedures were successfully completed. There were no major complications. The patients were treated with repeat radiofrequency ablation combined with transarterial chemoembolization using degradable starch microspheres. During median follow-up of 48 months (range, 4-77 months), 5 patients died (33%, 5/15). The overall survival rates were 100%, 85%, and 57% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. The median overall survival time was 69 months. It was conclusion radiofrequency ablation combined with transarterial chemoembolization using degradable starch microspheres was safe and showed favourable local control for non-hepatocellular carcinoma malignant liver tumours.
Journal Interventional Radiology | 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Visual outcomes and safety profile of intraocular lens implantation versus aphakia in children with microspherophakia with no subluxation | Visual outcomes and safety profile of intraocular lens implantation versus aphakia in children with microspherophakia with no subluxation
Visual outcomes and safety profile of intraocular lens implantation versus aphakia in children with microspherophakia with no subluxation
Overview The objective of this is to study the visual, refractive and surgical outcomes of intraocular lens (IOL) implantation versus aphakia in children with microspherophakia. Retrospective, comparative, non-randomised interventional study. Methods: All consecutive children with microspherophakia who satisfied the inclusion criteria were included. The eyes that underwent in-the-bag IOL implantation and those that were left aphakic were included in groups A and B, respectively. The postoperative visual outcomes, IOL stability and complications during the follow-up period were studied. The survival analysis (p value 0.18) was comparable in each group and in conclusion In-the-bag IOL is an option, which can be considered in selected cases of microspherophakia in developing nations where regular follow-up and economic constraints are a major concern.
Journal BMJ Open Ophthalmology – Pediatric Ophthalmology Volume 8 – Issue 1 | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | In-Hospital Mortality Following Traumatic Injury in South Africa | In-Hospital Mortality Following Traumatic Injury in South Africa
In-Hospital Mortality Following Traumatic Injury in South Africa
Overview Trauma is a leading cause of death worldwide and in South Africa. We aimed to quantify the in-hospital trauma mortality rate in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. The in-hospital trauma mortality rate in South Africa remains unknown, and it is unclear whether deficits in hospital care are contributing to the high level of trauma-related mortality. All patients hospitalized because of trauma at the Department of Surgery at Grey’s Hospital, Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service, were prospectively entered in an electronic database starting in 2013 and the data were retrospectively analysed. The trauma service adheres to Advanced Trauma Life Support and the doctors have attended basic and advanced courses in trauma care. In conclusion, the in-hospital trauma mortality rate at a South African trauma center using systematic trauma care is lower than that reported from other trauma centers in the world during the past 20 years. Nevertheless, 16% of death cases were assessed as avoidable if there had been better access to intensive care, dialysis, advanced respiratory care, blood for transfusion, and improvements in surgery and medical care.
Journal Annals of Surgery Open | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Telemedicine for Pediatric Nephrology: Perspectives on COVID-19, Future Practices, and Work Flow Changes | Telemedicine for Pediatric Nephrology: Perspectives on COVID-19, Future Practices, and Work Flow Changes
Telemedicine for Pediatric Nephrology: Perspectives on COVID-19, Future Practices, and Work Flow Changes
Overview Although the use of telemedicine in rural areas has increased steadily over the years, its use was rapidly implemented during the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis. Due to this rapid implementation, there is a lack of standardized work flows to assess and treat for various nephrotic conditions, symptoms, treatment modalities, and transition processes in the pediatric population. To provide a foundation/suggestion for future standardized workflows, the authors of this report have developed standardized workflows using the Delphi method. These workflows were informed based on results from cross-sectional surveys directed to patients and providers. Most patients and providers were satisfied, 87% and 71%, respectively, with their telemedicine visits. Common issues that were raised with the use of telemedicine included difficulty procuring physical laboratory results and a lack of personal warmth during telemedicine visits. The workflows created based on these suggestions will both enhance safety in treating patients and allow for the best possible care.
Authors Rupesh Raina, Nikhil Nair, Aditya Sharma, Ronith Chakraborty, and Sarah Rush, Delphi Panelists | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | 12 weeks high intensity interval training versus moderate intensity continuous training in chronic low back pain subjects: a randomised single-blinded feasibility study | 12 weeks high intensity interval training versus moderate intensity continuous training in chronic low back pain subjects: a randomised single-blinded feasibility study
12 weeks high intensity interval training versus moderate intensity continuous training in chronic low back pain subjects: a randomised single-blinded feasibility study
Overview Currently, very little is known about the effects of an endurance high intensity interval training in chronic low back pain patients. Therefore, the feasibility and safety of the HIIT has to be assessed first before it can be integrated safely into research and daily practice it can be integrated safely into research and daily practice. This study aims to answers the question if high intensity interval training and moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) have comparable adherence and feasibility. After the study it was concluded that there were no differences in adherence rates. HIIT is as feasible as MICT in non-specific chronic low back pain and can be used in future larger trials to deepen the knowledge about HIIT in this specific population.
Journal Archives of Physiotherapy
Citation Cerini T, Hilfiker R, Riegler TF, Felsch QTM. 12 weeks high intensity interval training versus moderate intensity continuous training in chronic low back pain subjects: a randomised single-blinded feasibility study. Arch Physiother. 2022 May 2;12(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s40945-022-00136-3. | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Profiles of Dysarthria and Dysphagia in Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | Profiles of Dysarthria and Dysphagia in Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Profiles of Dysarthria and Dysphagia in Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Overview While dysarthria and dysphagia are known bulbar manifestations of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the relative prevalence of speech and swallowing impairments and whether these bulbar symptoms emerge at the same time point or progress at similar rates is not yet clear. Dysphagia and dysarthria were instrumentally confirmed in 68% and 78% of individuals with ALS, respectively. Over half of the individuals with ALS in this study demonstrated both dysphagia and dysarthria. Of those with only one bulbar impairment, speech was twice as likely to be the first bulbar symptom to degrade. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and determine the longitudinal progression of bulbar impairments in this patient population.
Journal Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | An Implicit–Explicit Framework for Intervention Methods in Developmental Language Disorder | An Implicit–Explicit Framework for Intervention Methods in Developmental Language Disorder
An Implicit–Explicit Framework for Intervention Methods in Developmental Language Disorder
Overview
The growing interest in framing intervention approaches as either implicit or explicit calls for a discussion of what makes intervention approaches engage each of these learning systems, with the goal of achieving a shared framework. This tutorial presents evidence for the interaction between implicit and explicit learning systems, and it highlights the intervention characteristics that promote implicit or explicit learning as well as outcome measures that tap into implicit or explicit knowledge. This framework is then applied to eight common intervention approaches and notable combinations of approaches to unpack their differential engagement of implicit and explicit learning.
Many intervention characteristics (e.g., instructions, elicitation techniques, feedback) can be manipulated to move an intervention along the implicit–explicit continuum. Given the bias for using explicit learning strategies that develops throughout childhood and into adulthood, clinicians should be aware that most interventions (even those that promote implicit learning) will engage the explicit learning system. However, increased awareness of the implicit and explicit learning systems and their cognitive demands will allow clinicians to choose the most appropriate intervention for the target behaviour. | 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Comorbidity and Severity in Childhood Apraxia of Speech: A Retrospective Chart Review | Comorbidity and Severity in Childhood Apraxia of Speech: A Retrospective Chart Review
Comorbidity and Severity in Childhood Apraxia of Speech: A Retrospective Chart Review
Overview
The purpose of this study was to investigate comorbidity prevalence and patterns in childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) and their relationship to severity. In this retroactive cross-sectional study, medical communication-related comorbidities were regressed on CAS severity as rated by speech-language pathologists during diagnosis. The relationship between CAS severity and the presence of four common comorbid conditions was also examined using ordinal or multinomial regressions. Children with comorbid intellectual disability (78.1%), receptive language impairment (72.5%), and nonspeech apraxia (37.3%; including limb, nonspeech oromotor, and oculomotor these comorbidities. However, children with comorbid autism spectrum disorder (33.6%) were no more likely to have severe CAS than children without autism.
Comorbidity appears to be the rule, rather than the exception, for children with CAS. Comorbid intellectual disability, receptive language impairment, and nonspeech apraxia confer additional risk for more severe forms of CAS. Findings are limited by being from a convenience sample of participants but inform future models of comorbidity.
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Pros and Cons of CADCAM Technology for Infection Prevention in Dental Settings during COVID-19 Outbreak | Pros and Cons of CADCAM Technology for Infection Prevention in Dental Settings during COVID-19 Outbreak
Pros and Cons of CADCAM Technology for Infection Prevention in Dental Settings during COVID-19 Outbreak
Overview The purpose of this commentary is to update the evidence reported in our previous review on the advantages and limitations of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technology in the promotion of dental business, as well as to guarantee patient and occupational safety. The COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented focus on infection prevention; however, waves of COVID-19 follow one another, asymptomatic cases are nearly impossible to identify by triage in a dental setting, and the effectiveness of long-lasting immune protection through vaccination remains largely unknown. Different national laws and international guidelines (mainly USA-CDC, ECDC) have often brought about dissimilar awareness and operational choices, and in general, there has been very limited attention to this technology. Here, we discuss its advantages and limitations in light of: (a) presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the oral cavity, saliva, and dental biofilm and activation of dormant microbial infections; (b) the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 transmission by aerosol and fomite contamination; (c) the detection of various oral manifestations of COVID-19; (d) specific information for the reprocessing of the scanner tip and the ward from the manufacturers.
Journal Sensors
| 3 | | R455.00 | |
| | Effects of Resistance Training as a Behavioural Preventive Measure on Musculoskeletal Complaints, Maximum Strength and Ergonomic Risk in Dentists and Dental Assistants | Effects of Resistance Training as a Behavioural Preventive Measure on Musculoskeletal Complaints, Maximum Strength and Ergonomic Risk in Dentists and Dental Assistants
Effects of Resistance Training as a Behavioural Preventive Measure on Musculoskeletal Complaints, Maximum Strength and Ergonomic Risk in Dentists and Dental Assistants
Overview
For dental professionals, musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are common health hazards and resistance training programmes have been promising approaches in the quest for a reduction in the pain intensity of these professionals. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of a trunk-oriented 10-week resistance training programme. In total, the study was conducted with 17 dentists and dental assistants. The results were that there was a significant reduction in pain intensity was found for each queried body region: the neck, upper back, lower back and the right and left shoulders. The maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) improved significantly in all outcome measures: flexion, extension, right and left lateral flexion and right and left rotation.
It was concluded that a 10-week resistance training programme for dentists and dental assistants had significant effects on pain intensity reduction and the MVIC of the musculature of the trunk and is, therefore, suitable as a behavioural preventive measure against MSD in dental professionals.
Journa
Sensors
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Relationship between dental experiences, oral hygiene education and self-reported oral hygiene behaviour | Relationship between dental experiences, oral hygiene education and self-reported oral hygiene behaviour
Relationship between dental experiences, oral hygiene education and self-reported oral hygiene behaviour
Overview
Many preventive approaches in dentistry aim to improve oral health through behavioural instruction or intervention concerning oral health behaviour. However, it is still unknown which factors have the highest impact on oral health behaviours, such as toothbrushing or regular dental check-ups.
Various external and internal individual factors such as education, experience with dentists or influence by parents could be relevant. Therefore, the present observational study investigated the influence of these factors on self-reported oral heath behaviour. Dental anxiety and current negative dental experiences reduced participants’ dental self-efficacy perceptions as well as the self-inspection of one’s teeth. While parental care positively influenced the attitude towards one’s teeth, dental self-efficacy perceptions significantly correlated with attitude towards oral hygiene, self-inspection of one’s teeth and parental care.
Dental anxiety, dental experiences, parents’ care for their children’s oral hygiene and dental self-efficacy perceptions influence the attitude towards oral hygiene and one’s own oral cavity as well as the autonomous control of one’s own dental health.
Journal
PLoS ONE
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Blood and saliva contamination on protective eyewear during dental treatment | Blood and saliva contamination on protective eyewear during dental treatment
Blood and saliva contamination on protective eyewear during dental treatment
Overview Dental treatments are inherently associated with the appearance of potentially infective aerosols, blood and saliva splashes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the quantitative contamination of protective eyewear during different dental treatments and the efficacy of the subsequent disinfection. Fifty-three standardized protective eyewear shields worn by students, dentists and dental assistants during different aerosol-producing dental treatment modalities (supragingival cleaning, subgingival periodontal instrumentation, trepanation and root canal treatment and carious cavity preparation; within all treatments, dental evacuation systems were used) were analysed, using common forensic techniques.
For detection of blood contamination, luminol solution was applied onto the surface of safety shields. A special forensic test paper was used to visualize saliva contamination. Further analysis was conducted after standardized disinfection using the same techniques. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Markers, Pathways and Current Evidence for Periodontitis-associated Insulin Resistance: A Narrative Review | Markers, Pathways and Current Evidence for Periodontitis-associated Insulin Resistance: A Narrative Review
Markers, Pathways and Current Evidence for Periodontitis-associated Insulin Resistance: A Narrative Review
Overview The aim of the present paper is to provide a narrative review of the markers and pathways of periodontitis-associated insulin resistance (IR). Research papers published in peer reviewed scientific journals from 2000 to 2021 were searched systematically in Online Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and MedLine/PubMed database. The medical subject headings (MeSH) terms used for literature search were “diabetes AND periodontal disease,” “diabetes AND periodontitis,” “inflammation AND insulin resistance,” “Insulin resistance AND periodontal disease,” and “insulin resistance AND periodontitis.” Manual search for applicable work in review article peer-reviewed print journals, and latest editions of standard textbooks of pharmacology and pathology were searched for updated additional information.
Seven out of 13 systematic reviews and a total of 18 randomized clinical trials to evaluate periodontitis-induced IR were short-listed to update current evidence. The current literature in the past two decades has evaluated the effect of periodontal therapy on various type-2 diabetes (T2D) biomarkers following periodontal therapy. These indicators of periodontal disease activity and surrogate biomarkers of T2D in periodontitis may be an important diagnostic tool for the early prediction of complications due to IR. This increased systemic burden of proinflammatory cytokines by periodontitis can be reduced by periodontal therapy, thus improving the patient’s overall systemic condition.
Journal Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Microbiota of Dental Abscess and their Susceptibility to Empirical Antibiotic Therapy | Microbiota of Dental Abscess and their Susceptibility to Empirical Antibiotic Therapy
Microbiota of Dental Abscess and their Susceptibility to Empirical Antibiotic Therapy
Overview Resistant pathogens to purulent odontogenic infections have evolved due to misuse of antibiotics. Hence, it is important to use a suitable antibacterial agent. This study aimed to identify the common bacterial species causing odontogenic infections and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility profile to amoxicillin, amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, azithromycin, and linezolid. This was an in vitro cross-sectional study.
After extensive testing it was concluded that culture-guided antibiotic prescriptions are necessary to prevent the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Efficacy of Bioceramic and Calcium Hydroxide-Based Root Canal Sealers against Pathogenic Endodontic Biofilms: An In vitro Study | Efficacy of Bioceramic and Calcium Hydroxide-Based Root Canal Sealers against Pathogenic Endodontic Biofilms: An In vitro Study
Efficacy of Bioceramic and Calcium Hydroxide-Based Root Canal Sealers against Pathogenic Endodontic Biofilms: An In vitro Study
Overview
Complete eradication of root canal pathogens cannot be predictably achieved by chemo mechanical preparation and root canal disinfection. Therefore, an obturation material that has superior antimicrobial activity and sealing ability is required to inactivate residual microbes and prevent them from re-entering the root canal system. Recently developed bio ceramic root canal sealers are hydraulic cement which form calcium hydroxide during the hydration process. Like calcium hydroxide sealers, they exert an antimicrobial effect by releasing hydroxyl ions and increasing the pH.
The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial activity of a calcium hydroxide-based sealer and two bio ceramic sealers against Porphyromonas gingivalis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans biofilms. The sealers were dissolved in sterile saline to obtain supernatants. Biofilm formation assays, colony counting, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of each supernatant. The data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance.
| 3 | | R455.00 | |
| | Comparative Evaluation of Penetrative and Adaptive Properties of Unfilled and Filled Resin-Based Sealants When Placed using Conventional acid Etching, Lasing | Comparative Evaluation of Penetrative and Adaptive Properties of Unfilled and Filled Resin-Based Sealants When Placed using Conventional acid Etching, Lasing
Comparative Evaluation of Penetrative and Adaptive Properties of Unfilled and Filled Resin-Based Sealants When Placed using Conventional acid Etching, Lasing
Overview
There is a confusion regarding selection of unfilled or filled sealant and method of enamel preparation before sealant application. This study was carried out to compare three techniques of enamel preparation using both unfilled and filled type of sealants. The objective of the study is to assess the penetrative and adaptive ability of filled and unfilled sealants in three techniques of enamel fissure preparations.
Total 36 extracted teeth were divided into 3 groups, each containing 12 samples. The samples of Group A were prepared by conventional acid etching with 37% phosphoric acid, and the Group B was subjected to Er: YAG lasing, while in Group C, fissurotomy followed by acid etching was done. The sealant placement was carried out using split tooth design in all the samples. Assessment of penetration and adaptation was done under scanning electron microscope using the scoring criteria adopted by Kane B et al. and Dukic W et al | 3 | | R480.00 | |
| | Accuracy of keyless vs drill-key implant systems for static computer-assisted implant surgery using two guide-hole designs compared to freehand implant placement: an in vitro study | Accuracy of keyless vs drill-key implant systems for static computer-assisted implant surgery using two guide-hole designs compared to freehand implant placement: an in vitro study
Accuracy of keyless vs drill-key implant systems for static computer-assisted implant surgery using two guide-hole designs compared to freehand implant placement: an in vitro study
Overview
This in vitro study aimed at comparing the accuracy of freehand implant placement with static computer assisted implant surgery (sCAIS), utilizing a keyless and a drill-key implant system and two guide-hole designs. A total of 108 implants were placed in 18 partially edentulous maxillary models simulating two different alveolar ridge morphologies.
3D digital deviations between pre-planned and post-operative implant positions were obtained. Guide material reduction was assessed in the keyless implant system for the manufacturer’s sleeve and sleeveless guide-hole designs.
Higher final implant positional accuracy was observed in sCAIS for the keyless implant system, with a sleeveless guide-hole design, and in healed ridges.
Sleeveless guide holes resulted in higher volumetric material reduction compared with the manufacturer’s sleeve | 3 | | R475.00 | |
| | Robot-Assisted Sacro (hystero) Colpopexy with Anterior and Posterior Mesh Placement: impact on lower bowel tract function and clinical outcomes at mid-term follow-up | Robot-Assisted Sacro (hystero) Colpopexy with Anterior and Posterior Mesh Placement: impact on lower bowel tract function and clinical outcomes at mid-term follow-up
Robot-Assisted Sacro (hystero) Colpopexy with Anterior and Posterior Mesh Placement: impact on lower bowel tract function and clinical outcomes at mid-term follow-up
Overview
Robotic sacrocolpopexy (RSCP) is an established option for the treatment of apical, anterior, and proximal posterior compartment pelvic organ prolapses (POP). However, there is lack of evidence investigating how lower bowel tract symptoms (LBTS) may change after RSCP.
Data from consecutive patients treated with RSCP for stage 3 or higher POP from 2012 to 2019 at a single tertiary referral center with at least 1 year of follow-up were prospectively collected and retrospectively analysed. RSCP was performed following a standardized technique which always employed both anterior and posterior hand-shaped meshes.
Outcomes were collected at follow-up and analysed. LBTS were evaluated through the Wexner questionnaire. Overall, 114 women underwent RSCP. Eleven were excluded for missing data, whereas 12 had insufficient follow-up. Median follow-up was 42 [interquartile range (IQR), 19–62] months. Mean age was 65 ± 10 years. In our series, RSCP was mainly performed for anterior and apical/medium stage 3 POP (in 95.6% of patients). Anatomic success rate of and were treated with redo-SCP. No patient experienced clinically significant posterior vaginal wall prolapse after RSCP.
Of note, LBTS appear unaffected by posterior mesh placement, supporting its routine use to prevent posterior POP recurrence. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm our results.
| 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Following Partial Nephrectomy | Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Following Partial Nephrectomy
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Following Partial Nephrectomy
Overview
Partial nephrectomy (PN) is associated with a non-negligible risk of postoperative cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Identification of high-risk patients may enable optimization of perioperative management and consideration of alternative approaches. The authors aim to develop a procedure-specific cardiovascular risk index for PN patients and compare its performance to the widely used revised cardiac risk index (RCRI) and AUB-HAS2 cardiovascular risk index.
The cohort was derived from the American College of Surgeons – National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database. The primary outcome was the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as 30-day postoperative incidence of myocardial infarction stroke, or mortality. A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed; performance and calibration were evaluated using an ROC analysis and the Hosmer–Lemeshow test and compared to the RCRI and the AUB-HAS2 index.
This study proposes a novel procedure-specific cardiovascular risk index. The PN-A4CH index demonstrated good predictive ability and excellent calibration using a large national database and may enable further individualization of patient care and optimization of patient selection. | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Instrumental dead space and proximal working channel connector design in flexible ureteroscopy: a new concept | Instrumental dead space and proximal working channel connector design in flexible ureteroscopy: a new concept
Instrumental dead space and proximal working channel connector design in flexible ureteroscopy: a new concept
Overview
The objective of this study was to evaluate a new concept in flexible ureteroscopy: instrumental dead space (IDS). For this purpose, various proximal working channel connector designs, as well as the impact of ancillary devices occupying the working channel were evaluated in currently available flexible ureteroscopes.
IDS was defined as the volume of saline irrigation needed to inject at the proximal connector for delivery at the distal working channel tip. Because IDS is related to working channel diameter and length, proximal connector design, as well as occupation of working channel by ancillary devices, these parameters were also reviewed.
IDS appears as a new parameter that should be considered for future applications of flexible ureteroscopes. A low IDS seems desirable for several clinical applications. The main factors impacting IDS are working channel and proximal connector design, as well as ancillary devices inserted into the working channel. Future studies should clarify how reducing IDS may affect irrigation flow, intrarenal pressure, and direct in-scope suction, as well as evaluate the most desirable proximal connector design properties.
| 3 | | R460.00 | |
| | Could the vaginal wall sling still have a role after FDA’s warning? the functional outcomes at 20 years. | Could the vaginal wall sling still have a role after FDA’s warning? the functional outcomes at 20 years.
Could the vaginal wall sling still have a role after FDA’s warning? the functional outcomes at 20 years.
Overview
Aims of this study were to evaluate the functional outcomes of a vaginal wall sling technique in patients with stress urinary incontinence at 20 years after surgery and to evaluate the patient’s satisfaction after the surgical procedure.
This was a prospective single-center study on patients with stress urinary incontinence who underwent in situ vaginal sling surgery. Pre-surgery evaluation included history, pelvic examination, and urodynamic test. All patients completed Urogenital Distress Inventory–6 (UDI-6) questionnaire. They underwent checkups at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively and then annually. The sling was created by making a rectangle (15–20 × 25 mm) on the anterior vaginal wall and it was reinforced by one roll of Marlex mesh on each side of the sling. The sutures were passed through the vagina at the suprapubic level after suprapubic incision, above the rectus fascia and tied without excessive tension.
From May 1996 to May 2002, 40 women underwent vaginal wall sling surgery for stress urinary incontinence. Last visit was performed on 20 women between March 2020 and April 2020. Median follow-up was 251.3 months (20.9 years) (range = 204.3–285.4 months). The success rate after 5 years of surgical procedure was 80%; over 5 years, the objective cure rate was 45%. Considering only the group of 13 patients with pure stress urinary incontinence, the objective cure rate decreased to 38%, in particular 7 years after surgery. Women who did not resolve their urinary incontinence needed to undergo a new treatment. At over 5 years after surgery, there was an increase in urgency (p = 0.001) and voiding symptoms (p = 0.008) and urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) (p = 0.04). Ninety-five percent were very much worse or much worse according to the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) scale. Conclusion: The in situ vaginal wall sling does not guarantee good long-term functional outcomes in women with stress urinary incontinence.
| 3 | | R480.00 | |
| | Cognitive function in patients undergoing cystectomy for bladder cancer – results from a prospective observational study. | Cognitive function in patients undergoing cystectomy for bladder cancer – results from a prospective observational study.
Cognitive function in patients undergoing cystectomy for bladder cancer – results from a prospective observational study.
Overview
Impaired cognitive function of bladder cancer patients plays a role in coping with the kind of urinary diversion and may impact perioperative morbidity. In this study we therefore aimed to assess the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in patients undergoing radical cystectomy.
Secondary objectives included correlation of common cognition tests, assessment of the admitting physician, and perioperative complication rates.
Patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer were prospectively screened by neuropsychological tests including cognition tests [DemTect (Dementia Detection test), MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination), clock drawing test] prior to surgery. Mild cognitive impairment was observed in more than a quarter of radical cystectomy patients prior to surgery. Preoperative assessment should be supplemented by neuropsychological testing such as the DemTect as mild cognitive impairment is often underestimated and associated with significantly higher perioperative complication rates. | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Role of organizational psychology in dealing with human resources and the performance of the organization | Role of organizational psychology in dealing with human resources and the performance of the organization
Role of organizational psychology in dealing with human resources and the performance of the organization
Organizational psychology focuses mainly on taking care of corporate interests and the needs of employees. This seeks to provide a better life and better conditions for employees in their companies to help them be more productive and effective in their organization. This article focuses on how the organization is practicing the psychology of training and motivation for the growth of the organization.
This study was undertaken with the employees working in different organizations. The main focus is how organizational psychology creates an impact on the performance of the organization. This study was undertaken with the employees working in different organizations.
In this research, many participants agreed that motivation and training affect the employees’ performance. The outcomes revealed that organizational psychology has many roles in the participants’ organizations such as increasing the performance, the productivity, the efficiency of the employees and many others. | 3 | | R445.00 | |
| | Do personal resilience, coping styles, and social support prevent future psychological distress when experiencing workplace bullying? Evidence from a 1-year prospective study. | Do personal resilience, coping styles, and social support prevent future psychological distress when experiencing workplace bullying? Evidence from a 1-year prospective study.
Do personal resilience, coping styles, and social support prevent future psychological distress when experiencing workplace bullying? Evidence from a 1-year prospective study.
Overview
Although previous studies have identified that workplace bullying causes serious mental health problems to the victims, it is not yet fully investigated moderating factors on the association between workplace bullying and psychological distress. This longitudinal study, therefore, examined the moderating role of organizational resources such as supervisor support or coworker support as well as individual resources such as stress coping styles or personal resilience on the association.
The results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that workplace bullying was associated with subsequent increased psychological distress even after adjusting for individual and occupational characteristics, but its association disappeared after adjusting for psychological distress at baseline. After adjusting for psychological distress at baseline, greater resilience, greater seeking help, greater changing view, and lower avoidance were associated with lower subsequent psychological distress when being bullied. In contrast, worksite social support and family/ friends support was not associated with lower subsequent psychological distress when being bullied. A significant interaction effect of workplace bullying and changing mood was observed on subsequent psychological distress.
It was concluded that the effects or moderating factors were limited on the longitudinal association between bullying and mental health because psychological distress at baseline was the strongest predictor of subsequent psychological distress.
| 3 | | R455.00 | |
| | Gaining a Better Understanding of the Types of Organizational Culture to Manage Suffering at Work | Gaining a Better Understanding of the Types of Organizational Culture to Manage Suffering at Work
Gaining a Better Understanding of the Types of Organizational Culture to Manage Suffering at Work
Overview
Organizational culture is a central concept in research due to its importance in organizational functioning and suffering of employees. To better manage suffering, it is necessary to better understand the intrinsic characteristics of each type of culture and its relationships with the environment.
According to the study by Schein (2010), the organizational culture is a pattern of basic values and presuppositions that are shared and learned by a group while resolving the problems of external adaptation and internal integration. Each culture represents a different set of values and presuppositions. All organizations have all four types but in different proportions. This is a typological model because it aims to identify archetypes using different effectiveness criteria.
Contrary to what most of the literature suggests, we found almost no relationship between the environmental variables and the culture types. Strategy and competencies, in contrast, do have a significant predictive capacity, showing 9 links with the Clan culture, 7 with the Hierarchy culture, and 10 with the Market culture. In conclusion, this study has found the important characteristics of the types of organizational culture that could be useful to better manage the suffering of employees.
| 3 | | R489.00 | |
| | The digital-era Industrial/Organisational Psychologist: Employers view of key service roles, skills and attributes | The digital-era Industrial/Organisational Psychologist: Employers view of key service roles, skills and attributes
The digital-era Industrial/Organisational Psychologist: Employers view of key service roles, skills and attributes
Overview The nature of the Fourth Industrial Revolution’s technology-driven work and business profoundly alters the foundational assumptions upon which industrial/organisational (I/O) psychologists in future will base their understanding of their professional roles in the modern workplace. The objective of the study was to gain deeper insight into South African employers’ views of the service roles, skills and attributes of the future-fit digital-era I/O psychologist. More research is needed on the service roles, skills and attributes that employers require from I/O psychologists as companies are transitioning to technology-enabled hybrid and flexible models of work. Digitally dexterous I/O psychologists should be at the forefront of technology and its impact on workplaces and the profession’s scope of practice.
The study adds to the Industrial/Organisational Psychology research literature and reveals the dire need for I/O psychologists to adapt and evolve their scope of practice services and products to ensure the continued relevance of the IOP profession. | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Effective Treatment Interventions for Patients with a Diagnosed Anxiety Disorder | Effective Treatment Interventions for Patients with a Diagnosed Anxiety Disorder
Effective Treatment Interventions for Patients with a Diagnosed Anxiety Disorder
Overview The aim of this study is to review evidence of treatment interventions for patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Anxiety is a condition in which the person has anxiety that does not go away and gets worse over time. Symptoms of anxiety interfere with daily activities including job performance, schoolwork, and relationships. Several types of anxiety disorders exist; however, the cause is unknown. Factors included in causes are thought to be genetics, stress, environment, and brain chemistry. In addition, anxiety disorders are also the leading cause of disability of all psychiatric disorders, causing a larger cost burden than other psychological disorder.
Conclusions of this study found that exercise programs are a viable treatment option for anxiety with ease of access and without added negative side effects.
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Expression beyond Words: An Analysis of Human Figure Drawing of Children and Adolescents with ADHD | Expression beyond Words: An Analysis of Human Figure Drawing of Children and Adolescents with ADHD
Expression beyond Words: An Analysis of Human Figure Drawing of Children and Adolescents with ADHD
Overview
Children’s' drawing are good indicators of emotion, self- esteem and social competence, as well as other personality aspects. Children in the phase of development, express their emotions more through images or drawings instead of words (Catte & Cox, 1999). The current study aims to explore emotional indicators in the drawings of children and adolescents with ADHD. More specifically, the objective of the investigation is to determine if there are gender and age –wise differences in emotional wellbeing.
Human figure drawing of 52 children and adolescents were analysed according to 5-category emotional problems The emotional problems were characterized as impulsivity, insecurity-inadequacy, shyness-timidity, anxiety and anger- aggressiveness. Emotional indicators amongst each category were analysed to find if they were linked to gender and age groups. Chi-Square analysis showed gender differences within the emotional indicators; boys who participated in this study manifested more anger related issues than girls, whereas girls showed more traits of shyness.
The findings suggested emotional wellbeing of children with ADHD increases with age, additionally while girls remain timidly shy, and boys retain aggressiveness. The findings have important implications for clinical and educational psychology.
| 3 | | R440.00 | |
| | Application of Biomechanics Based on Intelligent Technology and Big Data in Physical Fitness Training of Athletes | Application of Biomechanics Based on Intelligent Technology and Big Data in Physical Fitness Training of Athletes
Application of Biomechanics Based on Intelligent Technology and Big Data in Physical Fitness Training of Athletes
Overview
Physical training has a high degree of participation all over the world. With the opening of the era of national fitness, physical training has become more popular from the original specialization, and the complex training methods and contents have gradually become simplified. The development and change of physical training has also brought many problems to the professional training of athletes, such as high training intensity but poor effect, insufficient training posture, and long-term physical injury.
In order to help athletes achieve better results in physical training and reduce the probability of injury, taking sprint training as an example, this article adopted the sports and body data of elite athletes through intelligent technology and big data analysis, established a human motion model from the perspective of biomechanics, and then conducted a corresponding test run experiment for athletes.
In addition to the data analysis brought by the digital age, the study of biomechanics also provides good guidance for physical training. The innovation of this article is that it simplifies the amount of intelligent big data analysis without affecting the research results.
Journal Hindawi Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | The Effects of psychological interventions on well-being measured with the Mental Health Continuum: a meta-analysis. | The Effects of psychological interventions on well-being measured with the Mental Health Continuum: a meta-analysis.
The Effects of psychological interventions on well-being measured with the Mental Health Continuum: a meta-analysis.
The last decades experienced a rapid growth in the number of studies examining the effects of psychological interventions on well-being, yet well-being is often conceptualized and measured in different ways in these studies. Previous meta-analyses included studies with a plethora of different well-being instruments, which provides an ambiguous picture of the effectiveness. Furthermore, prior meta-analyses mainly included specific types of psychological interventions. The goal of the current study was to synthesize the effectiveness of psychological interventions in improving well-being as measured with one consistent and comprehensive well-being instrument, the Mental Health Continuum (MHC). The literature was searched for RCTs examining the effect of psychological interventions in both clinical and non-clinical populations that used the MHC as outcome.
The findings suggest that psychological interventions can improve well-being, and that different interventions have the potential to improve well-being. Effects also seem to be independent of other factors, including delivery mode, format or target group.
Journal Journal of Happiness Studies
| 3 | | R480.00 | |
| | Prevalence and Factors Associated with Substance Use Among University Students in South Africa: implications for prevention | Prevalence and Factors Associated with Substance Use Among University Students in South Africa: implications for prevention
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Substance Use Among University Students in South Africa: implications for prevention
Substance use is an important public health concern in many countries across the globe. Among the public, institutions of higher learning have developed a reputation for inducing new substance use among students. In addition to socio-demographic factors, substance use and abuse among university students often appear to be related to psychological stressors typically related to the demand to adapt to the new environment and the pressures associated with academia. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of, and factors associated with substance use among university students.
Findings of such studies show that the use of alcohol, particularly getting drunk and binge drinking, marijuana and non-prescription amphetamine, were considerably higher among university students when compared with their non-university attending peers.
It is hoped that the results, implications, limitation, and recommendation of the present study invokes increased focus and ignites novel or innovative thinking when undertaking research of similar nature.
Journal BMC Psychol. 2022; 10: 309 | 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Factors Affecting the Use of Speech Testing in Adult Audiology | Factors Affecting the Use of Speech Testing in Adult Audiology
Factors Affecting the Use of Speech Testing in Adult Audiology
The aim of this study was to evaluate hearing health care professionals’ (HHPs) speech testing practices in routine adult audiology services and better understand the facilitators and barriers to speech testing provision.
Results from this study found that the percentage of U.K. HHPs making use of speech tests was low compared to that of other countries. HHPs recognized different benefits of speech testing in audiology practice, but the barriers limiting uptake were often driven by factors derived from decision makers rather than clinical rationale. Privately funded HHPs used speech tests more frequently than those working in the public sector where time and resources are under greater pressure and governed by guidance that does not include a recommendation for speech testing. Therefore, the inclusion of speech testing in national clinical guidelines could increase the consistency of use and facilitate the comparison of practice trends across centres.
Journal American Journal of Audiology
| 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Hearing Loss, Tinnitus, and Dizziness in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis | Hearing Loss, Tinnitus, and Dizziness in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Hearing Loss, Tinnitus, and Dizziness in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Extensive studies indicate that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) involves human sensory systems. A lack of discussion, however, exists given the auditory–vestibular system involvement in CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to determine the event rate (ER) of hearing loss, tinnitus, and dizziness caused by SARS-CoV-2.
Databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley) and World Health Organization updates were searched using combined keywords: ‘COVID-19,’ ‘SARS-CoV-2,’ ‘pandemic,’ ‘auditory dysfunction,’ ‘hearing loss,’ ‘tinnitus,’ ‘vestibular dysfunction,’ ‘dizziness,’ ‘vertigo,’ and ‘otologic symptoms.’ Twelve papers met the eligibility criteria and were included in the study. These papers were single group prospective, cross-sectional, or retrospective studies on otolaryngologic, neurologic, or general clinical symptoms of COVID-19 and had used subjective assessments for data collection (case histories/medical records). The results of the meta-analysis demonstrate that the ER of hearing loss (3.1%, CIs: 0.01–0.09), tinnitus (4.5%, CIs: 0.012–0.153), and dizziness (12.2%, CIs: 0.070–0.204) is statistically significant in patients with COVID-19 (Z = -4.469, p = 0.001).
Journal
The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences Inc. | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Ototoxicity Monitoring in South African Cancer Facilities: A Mational Survey | Ototoxicity Monitoring in South African Cancer Facilities: A Mational Survey
Ototoxicity Monitoring in South African Cancer Facilities: A Mational Survey
National information regarding ototoxicity monitoring practices is limited for patients undergoing chemotherapy in South Africa. The objective of this study was to determine the national status of ototoxicity monitoring implemented in private and public cancer facilities, the knowledge and ototoxicity monitoring approaches implemented, and reported challenges.
All public oncology units reported that ototoxicity monitoring only occurs on referral and is not standard practice. All private oncology units indicated that monitoring is on a patient self-referral basis when symptoms occur. Poor awareness of ototoxicity monitoring best practice guidelines was reported by all oncology units and 14% of audiology referral clinics. Audiology referral clinics reported adequate knowledge of ototoxicity protocols although they are not widely used with only 43% following best practice guidelines.
The most prominent challenges reported by participants was referral system (67% oncology units; 57% audiology referral clinics), environmental noise (83% oncology units; 86% audiology referral clinics) and the compromised status of cancer patients (67% oncology units; 57% audiology referral clinics).
Journal South African Journal of Communication Disorders
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Loneliness, Ageism, and Mental Health: The buffering role of resilience in seniors | Loneliness, Ageism, and Mental Health: The buffering role of resilience in seniors
Loneliness, Ageism, and Mental Health: The buffering role of resilience in seniors
Ageism and loneliness are two relevant public health phenomena because of their negative impact on the senior's mental health. With the increase in average life expectancy, these tend to co-occur, which may increase the psychological distress (PD) of seniors. Resilience has been shown to be an important protective factor of seniors’ mental health, although its potential buffering role of public health risk factors with cumulative impact on mental health, such as loneliness and ageism, needs to be more studied.
Resilience was an important protective factor of mental health against the effects of ageism, and partially protected mental health from the effects of loneliness among seniors. It is suggested that resilience be considered as a factor to be integrated in future intervention programs for mental health. The practical applicability of this study is discussed.
Journal International Journal of Clinical Health Psychology Volume 23 Issue 1 | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Influence of Prior Imaging Information on Diagnostic Accuracy for Focal Skeletal Processes: A Retrospective Analysis of the Consistency between Biopsy-Verified Imaging Diagnoses. | Influence of Prior Imaging Information on Diagnostic Accuracy for Focal Skeletal Processes: A Retrospective Analysis of the Consistency between Biopsy-Verified Imaging Diagnoses.
Influence of Prior Imaging Information on Diagnostic Accuracy for Focal Skeletal Processes: A Retrospective Analysis of the Consistency between Biopsy-Verified Imaging Diagnoses.
Comparing imaging examinations with those previously obtained is considered mandatory in imaging guidelines. To our knowledge, no studies are available on neither the influence, nor the sequence, of prior imaging and reports on diagnostic accuracy using biopsy as the reference standard. Such data are important to minimize diagnostic errors and to improve the preparation of diagnostic imaging guidelines. The aim of our study was to provide such data.
The sequence of the imaging modalities seems to influence the diagnostic accuracy against a pathology reference standard. Further studies are needed to establish evidence-based guidelines for the strategy of using previous imaging and reports to improve diagnostic accuracy.
Journal Diagnostics
| 3 | | R455.00 | |
| | Toward Improved Outcomes for Patients with Lung Cancer Globally: The Essential Role of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine | Toward Improved Outcomes for Patients with Lung Cancer Globally: The Essential Role of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine
Toward Improved Outcomes for Patients with Lung Cancer Globally: The Essential Role of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine
Key to achieving better population-based outcomes for patients with lung cancer is the improvement of medical imaging and nuclear medicine infrastructure globally. This paper aims to outline why and spark relevant health systems strengthening. The paper synthesizes the global lung cancer landscape, imaging referral guidelines (including resource-stratified ones), the reliance of TNM staging upon imaging, relevant multinational health technology assessments, and precisely how treatment selection and in turn patient outcomes hinge upon imaging findings. The final discussion presents data on current global gaps in both diagnostics (including imaging) and therapies and how, informed by such data, improved population-based outcomes are tangible through strategic planning.
Imaging findings are central to appropriate lung cancer patient management and can variably lead to life-prolonging interventions and/or to life-enhancing palliative measures. Early-stage lung cancer can be treated with curative intent but, unfortunately, most patients with lung cancer still present at advanced stages and many patients lack access to both diagnostics and therapies. Furthermore, half of lung cancer cases occur in low- and middle-income countries. The role of medical imaging and nuclear medicine in lung cancer management, as outlined herein, may help inform strategic planning.
Journal JCO Global Oncology | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Childhood Adverse Events and the Long-Term Effects on Mental Health | Childhood Adverse Events and the Long-Term Effects on Mental Health
Childhood Adverse Events and the Long-Term Effects on Mental Health
There has long been an association between family history and mental illness; however, recently researchers have focused on the correlation between childhood adverse events and mood disorders, specifically bipolar disorder. This study shows there is a strong correlation between CAE and PB, specifically, sexual abuse in females, maternal separation, economic difficulty and a family history of mental illness.
The findings suggest that females that experience childhood adverse events may be at a higher risk for developing bipolar disorder and the clinical outcome of bipolar disorder may also be affected by the type and number of childhood adverse events.
The results also suggest that schizophrenic spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder are associated with different childhood adverse events. Females who have recollections of childhood abuse are at an increased risk for depressive symptoms associated with bipolar disorder. Psychosocial interventions that are geared towards limiting childhood adverse events may reduce the incidence of mental illness, specifically bipolar disorder. | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Diagnostic performance of tomosynthesis, digital mammography and a dedicated digital specimen radiography system versus pathological assessment of excised breast lesions | Diagnostic performance of tomosynthesis, digital mammography and a dedicated digital specimen radiography system versus pathological assessment of excised breast lesions
Diagnostic performance of tomosynthesis, digital mammography and a dedicated digital specimen radiography system versus pathological assessment of excised breast lesions
Breast conserving surgery (BCS) is an established treatment modality for early breast cancer, offering better aesthetic results and less morbidity, without compromising survival, compared with radical mastectomy. The aim of the study was to com pare the performance of full-field digital mammography (FFDM), digital breast tomosynthesis and a dedicated digital specimen radiography system (SRS) in consecutive patients, and to compare the margin status of resected lesions versus pathological assessment.
It was concluded that Tomosynthesis was superior to SRS and FFDM for detecting and evaluating the target lesions, spiculations and calcifications, and was therefore more reliable for assessing complete excision of breast lesions.
Journal Radiology and oncology
| 3 | | R480.00 | |
| | Diagnostic Accuracy of 3D Ultrasound and Artificial Intelligence for Detection of Pediatric Wrist Injuries | Diagnostic Accuracy of 3D Ultrasound and Artificial Intelligence for Detection of Pediatric Wrist Injuries
Diagnostic Accuracy of 3D Ultrasound and Artificial Intelligence for Detection of Pediatric Wrist Injuries
Wrist trauma is common in children, typically requiring radiography for diagnosis and treatment planning. However, many children do not have fractures and are unnecessarily exposed to radiation. Ultrasound performed at bedside could detect fractures prior to radiography.
Fractures are the third leading cause of pediatric hospitalizations in Canada. Distal radius fractures account for up to 25% of fractures documented in children. Distal radius fractures typically occur in children falling on an outstretched hand and involve the metaphysis or physis. Depending on the area of injury, there can be a multitude of fracture patterns that affect treatment planning. Therefore, when children present to primary care clinics or emergency department (ED) with suspected wrist fractures, radiographs are the standard of care as they allow for precise examination of the anatomy. In most hospitals, routine radiographs are performed on patients with wrist trauma, but only half of the imaging reveals fractures. With the estimated cost of treating pediatric forearm fractures at $2 billion per year in the USA, streamlining care is desirable.,Obtaining radiographs in ED typically involves sending the patient to a separate diagnostic imaging area, where they wait in an additional queue, and transferring them back, a process which can add hours to an ED visit. If clinicians could determine at bedside who has a fracture and requires an X-ray, systemwide radiation doses and costs could be reduced and ED visits shortened.
The high sensitivity of 3D ultrasound and automated AI ultrasound interpretation suggests that ultrasound could potentially rule out fractures in the emergency department.
Journal Children
| 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | 18F-FDG PET/CT for the Evaluation of Therapy Response in Hormone Receptor–Positive Bone-Dominant Metastatic Breast Cancer | 18F-FDG PET/CT for the Evaluation of Therapy Response in Hormone Receptor–Positive Bone-Dominant Metastatic Breast Cancer
18F-FDG PET/CT for the Evaluation of Therapy Response in Hormone Receptor–Positive Bone-Dominant Metastatic Breast Cancer
Despite increasing therapeutic options, breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women. Bone is the most common site of metastasis in breast cancer, particularly in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)–positive tumors. Bone metastases can greatly affect quality of life.In patients with bone-dominant (BD) ER–positive metastatic breast cancer (mBC), endocrine therapy (ET) offers a targeted therapeutic approach with a favorable toxicity profile.
Fluorine 18 (18F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT has shown promise for use in assessing treatment response in patients with bone-only or bone-dominant (BD) metastatic breast cancer. PET imaging with fluorine 18 (18F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) holds promise in monitoring BD mBC. By imaging tumour glucose metabolism, 18F-FDG PET circumvents the deficiencies of using the osseous reaction to tumor as a proxyfor tumor response.
Journal Radiology: Imaging Cancer | 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | A 20-Year Review of Biomechanical Experimental Studies on Spine Implants used for Percutaneous Surgical Repair of Vertebral Compression Fractures | A 20-Year Review of Biomechanical Experimental Studies on Spine Implants used for Percutaneous Surgical Repair of Vertebral Compression Fractures
A 20-Year Review of Biomechanical Experimental Studies on Spine Implants used for Percutaneous Surgical Repair of Vertebral Compression Fractures
A vertebral compression fracture (VCF) is an injury to a vertebra of the spine affecting the cortical walls and/or middle cancellous section. The most common risk factor for a VCF is osteoporosis, thus predisposing the elderly and postmenopausal women to this injury.
This article reviews over 20 years of scientific literature that has experimentally evaluated the biomechanics of percutaneous VCF repair methods. Specifically, this article describes the basic operating principles of the repair methods, the study protocols used to experimentally assess their biomechanical performance, and the actual biomechanical data measured, as well as giving several recommendations for future research directions.
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Motion of lumbar endplate in degenerative lumbar scoliosis with different cobb angle in vivo: Reflecting the biomechanics of the lumbar disc | Motion of lumbar endplate in degenerative lumbar scoliosis with different cobb angle in vivo: Reflecting the biomechanics of the lumbar disc
Motion of lumbar endplate in degenerative lumbar scoliosis with different cobb angle in vivo: Reflecting the biomechanics of the lumbar disc
Degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) was defined as a coronal Cobb angle greater than 10°. DLS is a de novo scoliosis with no previous history and is mainly related to age with an incidence of up to 60%. DLS can cause severe symptoms, such as low back pain, radiculopathy, and neurogenic claudication. The pathogenesis of DLS is both complex and controversial. Intervertebral disc degeneration (DD) has also been implicated in the development of DLS.
This study explored the ROM of the lumbar vertebral endplate in vivo to reflect disc deformation using a dual fluoroscopic imaging system. It was reported that the repeatability of the method in reproducing in vivo human spine 6 degree of freedom. Intervertebral DD is believed to have a detrimental effect on the ROM of the spinal segments in degenerative scoliosis.
The study also aimed to investigate the relationship between DD and the ROM of the lumbar vertebral endplates in patients with DLS. We hypothesized that the ROM of the lumbar endplate would be different in DLS patients with different Cobb angles. DD can increase the ROM of the lumbar vertebral endplate in patients with DLS. | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Nerve and Arterial Supply Pattern of the Popliteus Muscle and Clinical Implications | Nerve and Arterial Supply Pattern of the Popliteus Muscle and Clinical Implications
Nerve and Arterial Supply Pattern of the Popliteus Muscle and Clinical Implications
The popliteus muscle (PM) is a small muscle that acts as a major posterolateral stabilizer of the knee joint, rotating the tibia medially under the femur under non-weightbearing conditions. As the PM acts as an important factor in the movement and injury of the knee joint, anatomical studies have been conducted with a focus on the femoral attachment of the muscle.
Muscular spasticity is common in upper motor neuron syndrome. Injection treatment is applied as PM spasticity has been confirmed in many patients with in-toeing. One of the treatment methods, botulinum toxin, is known to have a long-lasting effect when injected into a site where the neuromuscular junction is dense. It is also effective when injected near the motor entry point where the nerve enters the muscle belly. Thus, a suitable injection site is thought to be the tibial region because the muscle belly is the upper portion on the tibial area on the posterior aspect. In this study, we speculated about the injection site of the PM based on the above reasoning. An alternative method is the accurate palpation of the PM, which is necessary for posture correction therapy.
The aim of this study was to investigate the nerve and artery supply and the tibial attachment of the popliteus muscle using anatomical methods.
| 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | The Relationship Between Additional Heads of the Quadriceps Femoris, the Vasti Muscles, and the Patellar Ligament | The Relationship Between Additional Heads of the Quadriceps Femoris, the Vasti Muscles, and the Patellar Ligament
The Relationship Between Additional Heads of the Quadriceps Femoris, the Vasti Muscles, and the Patellar Ligament
Overview
The quadriceps femoris consists of four muscles: the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and vastus lateralis. However, the effect of additional quadriceps femoris heads on the vasti muscles and patellar ligaments is unknown. The quadriceps femoris muscle (QF) is important in locomotion; the rectus femoris (RF) swings the leg forward when a step is taken. During walking or running, quadriceps muscles such as the vastus medialis (VM) stabilize the patella and knee joint. The QF is important in sport owing to its potential for injury, which can be painful and debilitating.
The aims of the present study are to determine the relationship between additional quadriceps femoris heads and the vasti muscles and patellar ligaments and to review the morphology of the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius.
Journal
Hindawi BioMed Research International
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Reduces Leg Cramps in Patients of lumbar Degenerative Disorders: A Retrospective Study | Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Reduces Leg Cramps in Patients of lumbar Degenerative Disorders: A Retrospective Study
Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Reduces Leg Cramps in Patients of lumbar Degenerative Disorders: A Retrospective Study
Overview
Muscle cramp is fundamentally a medical problem but also a sociological and an economic one. Muscle cramps which characterized by the painful, involuntary, and paroxysmal contraction of a muscle are common and can occur in a wide range of settings and are a highly distressing condition.
The symptoms lead to a decrease in the quality of life for patients and sometimes disturb the proper functioning of the entire body, stimulating the development of several complications and comorbidities.
The extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been fully utilized in orthopedics, but there are few studies in the treatment of lower limb spasm and pain caused by lumbar degenerative disorders (LDD). This study assesses the influence of ESWT in patients with LDD.
It was concluded that the ESWT is particularly effective effect for patients with LDD. The use of ESWT has a significant long-term influence on the reduction of pain, leg cramps, and the improvement of the general functional state in relation to the conventional motor improvement program.
Journal
Hindawi BioMed Research International
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Five-Minute Cognitive Test as A New Quick Screning of Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly | Five-Minute Cognitive Test as A New Quick Screning of Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly
Five-Minute Cognitive Test as A New Quick Screning of Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly
Overview
As old population is dramatically growing, the detection of early cognitive deficit will become increasingly crucial. Effective cognitive screening test with quick and convenient merits will ensure recognition of early cognitive deficit and timely intervention. This study aims to develop a new evaluation method for quickly and conveniently screening cognitive impairment in the elderly.
The five-minute cognitive test (FCT) was designed to capture deficits in five domains of cognitive abilities, including episodic memory, language fluency, time orientation, visuospatial function, and executive function. Subsequently, FCT efficiencies in differentiating normally cognitive ability from cognitive impairment were explored and compared with that of the Mini-Mental Status Evaluation (MMSE). Equipercentile equating method was utilized to create a crosswalk between scores of the FCT and MMSE. Further, the association of scores of the FCT and MMSE with hippocampal volumes was investigated.
Many screening tools are currently available, but no tools meet the four important requirements for widespread use in clinical practice or large-scale epidemiological studies — that is, capture a clinically acceptable range of cognitive domains, take short time to administrate (around 5 minutes), have high accuracy for detecting cognitive impairment, and incorporate visual recall, which is the earliest deficits in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. The FCT is a novel, reliable, and valid cognitive screening test for the detection of dementia at early stages.
Journal
JKL International LLC Aging and Disease Volume 10, Number 6 URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6844584/pdf/ad-10-6-1258.pdf | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Exercise Interventions in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Care: An overview of the evidence and recommendations for implementation | Exercise Interventions in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Care: An overview of the evidence and recommendations for implementation
Exercise Interventions in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Care: An overview of the evidence and recommendations for implementation
Overview
The poor physical health of people with mental illness has long been established. A 15–20-year mortality gap arises from factors such as the likelihood of developing noncommunicable diseases, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, reduced access to and provision of physical health care, and side-effects of medication.
This has been labeled an international human rights scandal, since a large proportion of this risk is preventable. In recognition of these disparities, international health bodies have produced guidance to address poor physical health, including the World Health Organization, World Psychiatric Association, and a Lancet Psychiatry Commission.
The use of physical activity interventions in mental health care for adults has a large academic evidence base and numerous examples of real-world implementation. However, the use of physical activity within mental health care for children and young people (CYP) has received less attention to date.
The key conclusions from this article, suggest there is an increasingly strong evidence base for the benefits of using physical activity interventions to improve, prevent, and manage physical and mental health outcomes in CYP with mental illness. However, more work needs to be done to improve the evidence base, refine its implementation into standard mental health care, and develop strategies for large-scale dissemination of such interventions across various care and cultural contexts.
The Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health JCPP Advances | 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Tree of Life: A Tool for Therapeutic Growth | Tree of Life: A Tool for Therapeutic Growth
Tree of Life: A Tool for Therapeutic Growth
Overview
This paper presents a review of the Tree of Life (ToL) – a strengths-based tool rooted in narrative therapy – as an intervention for children and young people (CYP).
Originally developed to support vulnerable young people in Zimbabwe, ToL is now used to support children and adults in many countries and contexts across the world.
This paper discusses key aspects of the tool, evaluates the evidence base of ToL with young people, shares the views of CYP and parents, and suggests implications for schools and educational psychology practice in the UK.
Journal
Educational Psychology Research and Practice Volume 7 Issue 1
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Joint-Preserving Surgery for Hyperextension Deformity of the Hallux Interphalangeal Joint in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis | Joint-Preserving Surgery for Hyperextension Deformity of the Hallux Interphalangeal Joint in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Joint-Preserving Surgery for Hyperextension Deformity of the Hallux Interphalangeal Joint in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Overview Sesamoiditis secondary to gout is an extremely rare condition with few case reports in the literature. It is an important differential diagnosis because the treatment depends on targeted therapy, unlike the main causes of sesamoiditis that often involves immobilization with special orthoses and prescription of anti-inflammatory drugs. This here is a case of a 38-year-old male, athlete, with bipartite medial sesamoid, who had insidious pain in the base of the left hallux. Laboratory tests showed no alterations, and imaging examinations demonstrated sesamoiditis with suspicion of stress fracture. The patient was initially prescribed an immobilization boot and analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs, but he did not respond to the measures taken. After the onset of the same condition in the contralateral foot and getting the same imaging findings, an investigation of systemic disease began, focusing on gout, because of a positive family history, which was confirmed by dual-energy computed tomography.
Authors Takumi Matsumoto, Yuki Shimizu, Song Ho Chang, Taro Kasai, Jun Hirose and Sakae Tanaka
Journal Hindawi Case Reports in Orthopedics | 3 | | R430.00 | |
| | Bilateral Sesamoiditis as First Manifestation of Gout | Bilateral Sesamoiditis as First Manifestation of Gout
Bilateral Sesamoiditis as First Manifestation of Gout
Overview Sesamoiditis secondary to gout is an extremely rare condition with few case reports in the literature. It is an important differential diagnosis because the treatment depends on targeted therapy, unlike the main causes of sesamoiditis that often involves immobilization with special orthoses and prescription of anti-inflammatory drugs. This here is a case of a 38-year-old male, athlete, with bipartite medial sesamoid, who had insidious pain in the base of the left hallux. Laboratory tests showed no alterations, and imaging examinations demonstrated sesamoiditis with suspicion of stress fracture. The patient was initially prescribed an immobilization boot and analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs, but he did not respond to the measures taken. After the onset of the same condition in the contralateral foot and getting the same imaging findings, an investigation of systemic disease began, focusing on gout, because of a positive family history, which was confirmed by dual-energy computed tomography.
Authors Daniel de Oliveira Beraldo, Sasha Duarte, Gustavo Pacheco, Rodrigo Barbosa, Carolina Mendes, Marcela Silva, Fabiana Beraldo, Andrei Alkmim, Ricardo Teixeira and Alexandre Bonfim
Journal Hindawi Case Reports in Orthopedics | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Congenital Unilateral Hypertrophy of the Plantar Musculature with Multiple Toe Deformities: A Case Report and Literature Review | Congenital Unilateral Hypertrophy of the Plantar Musculature with Multiple Toe Deformities: A Case Report and Literature Review
Congenital Unilateral Hypertrophy of the Plantar Musculature with Multiple Toe Deformities: A Case Report and Literature Review
Overview Congenital unilateral hypertrophy of the plantar musculature is a rare condition of unknown incidence. This article reports the unusual case of a 17-year-old man with this rare condition in combination with multiple toe deformities: hallux valgus, claw toe (second toe), and laterally abducted digitus quintus.
This case study is aimed at reporting a detailed description of the present patient and explains the rationale behind our chosen surgical procedure. Moreover, a review of the current literature related to congenital hypertrophy of the plantar musculature is presented to discuss its possible etiology as well as diagnostic and therapeutic regimen.
In summary, the procedure is aimed at relieving the hallux valgus symptoms, correcting its triggering factor, and preventing the patient from further symptomatic foot deformities, while restoring—and not destroying—the physiological muscular function by partial resection.
Authors Matthias Holzbauer, Stefan Rick, Marco Götze and Sébastien Hagmann Journal Hindawi Case Reports in Orthopedics | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Fabella Syndrome and Common Peroneal Neuropathy following Total Knee Arthroplasty | Fabella Syndrome and Common Peroneal Neuropathy following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Fabella Syndrome and Common Peroneal Neuropathy following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Overview The fabella is a sesamoid bone in the lateral gastrocnemius that is present in 10-30% of the population. Despite its high prevalence, the fabella rarely causes pathology leading to delayed diagnoses and prolonged patient discomfort when symptomatic. The fabella syndrome is often associated with a snapping or clicking sensation that is exacerbated by aerobic activates. Fabella pathology is rare but increasingly recognized as a source of posterolateral knee pain following TKA. Initially believed to be unique to adolescents, fabella syndrome also affects older adults. When conservative interventions fail, surgical excision for treatment of fabella syndrome or fabella-associated common peroneal neuropathy has improved patient reported outcomes and returns to preinjury level of activities.
Significant mechanical alignment changes may create eccentric mechanical loads across the gastrocnemius tendon and embedded fabella. Furthermore, the correction of a flexion contracture with TKA may affect soft tissues posterior to the knee including the gastrocnemius tendon.
Authors Connor C. Diaz, Avinesh Agarwalla and Brian Forsythe
Journal Hindawi Case Reports in Orthopedics
| 3 | | R460.00 | |
| | Analysis of Dynamic Plantar Pressure before and after the Occurrence of Neurogenic Intermittent Claudication in Patients with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: An observational study | Analysis of Dynamic Plantar Pressure before and after the Occurrence of Neurogenic Intermittent Claudication in Patients with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: An observational study
Analysis of Dynamic Plantar Pressure before and after the Occurrence of Neurogenic Intermittent Claudication in Patients with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: An observational study
Overview Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) refers to the nerve compression syndrome, in which the spinal canal narrows and compresses the dural sac, spinal cord, or nerve root. The prevalence of LSS increases with age; it is about 9.3% in the general population and up to 47% in individuals older than 60 years.
Patients with LSS usually seek medical treatment because of walking disorders. The poor walking ability indicates severe compression of the spinal cord and nerve. Many recent studies investigated the gait patterns of patients with LSS. The findings revealed that the walking patterns of patients with LSS were different from those of ordinary subjects, mainly manifested by wide-based gait, increased gait variability, and balance disturbances.
In conclusion the results revealed that differences in the distribution of plantar pressure include patients with LSS that could present the posture of the lumbar forward flexion when walking and that the occurrence of NIC could affect the plantar pressure distribution of the patients with LSS, predicting the patient’s risk of falling to the anterior direction and to the symptomatic side. It is promising to provide a new objectively method for evaluating the walking capabilities of patients with LSS.
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Effects of Deep Cervical Flexor Training on Forward Head Posture, Neck Pain, and Functional Status in Adolescents Using Computers Regularly | Effects of Deep Cervical Flexor Training on Forward Head Posture, Neck Pain, and Functional Status in Adolescents Using Computers Regularly
Effects of Deep Cervical Flexor Training on Forward Head Posture, Neck Pain, and Functional Status in Adolescents Using Computers Regularly
Overview:
Teaching is one of the professions where incidence and prevalence of neck pain is high. Prolonged use of computers, which has further increased due to online teaching amid pandemic, is known to cause neck pain and alter posture, while people with forward head posture (FHP) are prone to develop neck pain and related disability. Research has shown that impairment of deep cervical flexor (DCF) muscles leads to insufficiency in coordination, activation, overload, and poor support on cervical structures that further lead to development of neck pain and altered neck posture. The objective of this study was to see the effect of DCF muscle training using pressure biofeedback on pain and FHP in schoolteachers with neck pain.
This observational study was conducted at medical center in school premises. Fifty-five schoolteachers aged between 25 and 40 years with experience of more than 5 years were invited to participate in this study. Pain and FHP were assessed using NPRS and cranio-vertebral angle using digital photograph technique, respectively, at baseline and end of four weeks of treatment.
This study shows that although pain and FHP improved following conventional exercises in schoolteachers with neck pain, mean improvement was more significant among those who received additional DCF muscle training using pressure biofeedback.
Acknowledgments: Authors: Ahmad H. Alghadir and Zaheen A. Iqbal
Journal: BioMed Research International | 3 | | R460.00 | |
| | Mixed reality applications in urology: Requirements and future potential | Mixed reality applications in urology: Requirements and future potential
Mixed reality applications in urology: Requirements and future potential
Overview Mixed reality (MR), the computer-supported augmentation of a real environment with virtual elements, becomes ever more relevant in the medical domain, especially in urology, ranging from education and training over surgeries. This study aimed to review existing MR technologies and their applications in urology. A non-systematic review of current literature was performed using the PubMed-Medline database using the medical subject headings (MeSH) term “mixed reality”, combined with one of the following terms: “virtual reality”, “augmented reality”, ‘’urology’’ and “augmented virtuality”. The relevant studies were utilized. It was found that medical students, urology residents and inexperienced urologists can gain experience thanks to MR technologies. MR applications are also used in patient education before interventions. For surgical support, the achievable accuracy is often not sufficient. The main challenges are the non-rigid nature of the genitourinary organs, intraoperative data acquisition, online and multimodal registration and calibration of devices. However, the progress made in recent years is tremendous in all respects and the gap is constantly shrinking.
Authors Gerd Reis, Mehmet Yilmaz, Jason Rambach, Alain Pagani, Rodrigo Suarez-Ibarrola, Arkadiusz Miernik, Paul Lesur, Nareg Minaskan
| 3 | | R400.00 | |
| | Amygdala pathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and primary lateral Sclerosis | Amygdala pathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and primary lateral Sclerosis
Amygdala pathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and primary lateral Sclerosis
Overview Temporal lobe studies in motor neuron disease overwhelmingly focus on white matter alterations and cortical grey matter atrophy. Reports on amygdala involvement are conflicting and the amygdala is typically evaluated as single structure despite consisting of several functionally and cytologically distinct nuclei. A prospective, single-centre, neuroimaging study was undertaken to comprehensively characterise amygdala pathology in 100 genetically stratified ALS patients, 33 patients with PLS and 117 healthy controls. Our findings highlight that the amygdala is affected in ALS and our study demonstrates the selective involvement of specific nuclei as opposed to global atrophy. The genotype-specific patterns of amygdala involvement identified by this study are consistent with the growing literature of extra-motor clinical features. Mesial temporal lobe pathology in ALS is not limited to hippocampal pathology but, as a key hub of the limbic system, the amygdala is also affected in ALS.
Authors Rangariroyashe H. Chipikaa, Foteini Christidia, Eoin Finegan, Stacey Li Hi Shing, Mary Clare McKenna, Kai Ming Chang, Efstratios Karavasilis, Mark A. Doherty, Jennifer C. Hengeveld, Alice Vajda, Niall Pender, Siobhan Hutchinson, Colette Donaghy, Russell L. McLaughlin, Orla Hardiman, Peter Bede
| 3 | | R380.00 | |
| | INSPIRE: A European training network to foster research and training in cardiovascular safety pharmacology | INSPIRE: A European training network to foster research and training in cardiovascular safety pharmacology
INSPIRE: A European training network to foster research and training in cardiovascular safety pharmacology
Overview Safety pharmacology is an essential part of drug development aiming to identify, evaluate and investigate undesirable pharmacodynamic properties of a drug primarily prior to clinical trials. In particular, cardiovascular adverse drug reactions (ADR) have halted many drug development programs. Safety pharmacology has successfully implemented a screening strategy to detect cardiovascular liabilities, but there is room for further refinement. In this setting, we present the INSPIRE project, a European Training Network in safety pharmacology for Early-Stage Researchers (ESRs), funded by the European Commission's H2020-MSCA-ITN programme. INSPIRE has recruited 15 ESR fellows that will conduct an individual PhD-research project for a period of 36 months. INSPIRE aims to be complementary to ongoing research initiatives. With this as a goal, an inventory of collaborative research initiatives in safety pharmacology was created and the ESR projects have been designed to be complementary to this roadmap. Overall, INSPIRE aims to improve cardiovascular safety evaluation, either by investigating technological innovations or by adding mechanistic insight in emerging safety concerns, as observed in the field of cardio-oncology. Finally, in addition to its hands-on research pillar, INSPIRE will organize several summer schools and workshops that will be open to the wider community as well. In summary, INSPIRE aims to foster both research and training in safety pharmacology and hopes to inspire the future generation of safety scientists.
Authors Pieter-Jan D. Gunsa, et al.
Journal Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods | 3 | | R400.00 | |
| | Blood-brain barrier pathology in patients with severe mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of biomarkers in case-control studies | Blood-brain barrier pathology in patients with severe mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of biomarkers in case-control studies
Blood-brain barrier pathology in patients with severe mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of biomarkers in case-control studies
Overview Blood-brain barrier (BBB) pathology may be associated with mental disorders. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to identify, evaluate and summarize available evidence on whether potential biomarkers of BBB pathology are altered in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, major depression and bipolar disorder compared to healthy controls. The findings implicate occurrence of BBB pathology in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, major depression and bipolar disorder compared to healthy controls. However, definite conclusions cannot be drawn, mainly because the investigated biomarkers are indirect measures of BBB pathology.
Authors Jesper Futtrup, Rebecca Margolinsky, Michael Eriksen Benros, Torben Moos, Lisa Juul Routhe, Jørgen Rungby, Jesper Krogh
Journal Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health | 3 | | R400.00 | |
| | The role of charting dental anomalies in human identification | The role of charting dental anomalies in human identification
The role of charting dental anomalies in human identification
Overview: An increase in awareness on dental hygiene among people through the years, consequently provoked a significant decrease in the occurrence of dental caries, and thus, a decrease in the number of dental restorations. This improvement of oral health affected the comparative dental analysis using dental treatments for human identification; hence, existing dental features or anomalies could act as unique identifying features. This study evaluated the awareness of dentists on charting dental anomalies by a dental charting task and addressed the importance of maintaining dental records for forensic and medico-legal purposes. The awareness of Forensic odontology among dentists was exceptional but the dental charting needs improvement. Only a few respondents submitted an Accurate or a Partially Correct answer and, as a result, an Atlas of Dental Anomalies was created to rectify this poor pattern of dental charting.
Authors: Jayapriya Jayakumar Scheila Mânica Journal: Forensic Science International: Reports
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Negative stereotypes as motivated justifications for moral exclusion | Negative stereotypes as motivated justifications for moral exclusion
Negative stereotypes as motivated justifications for moral exclusion
Overview: This article investigated the connection between moral exclusion of outgroups and on the one hand, right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), and social dominance orientation (SDO) on the other. It was assumed that both RWA and SDO would increase the tendency to place other groups out of the scope of justice. However, we also tested whether negative stereotypes about an outgroup’s threatening and norm-violating misbehaviour would serve as a justification for moral exclusion. These assumptions were tested in connection with Roma, Jewish, and Muslim people as target groups in the Hungarian context (N = 441). In line with our hypotheses, we found that both RWA and SDO had an indirect effect on moral exclusion mediated by negative stereotypes about the particular target group. The findings of this article suggested that negative stereotypes were more important legitimizing factors for RWA than for SDO. The results highlight the benefits of interpreting the process of moral exclusion as an outcome of motivated social cognition
Authors: Márton Hadarics and Anna Kende Journal: The Journal of Social Psychology | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Rise and Fall: The Unsuspended Revolution | Rise and Fall: The Unsuspended Revolution
Rise and Fall: The Unsuspended Revolution
Overview The following article reveals a fascinating link of intersections between the media, politics and social psychology, as all these elements combined to culminate in the #FeesMustFall protests at the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits University) in South Africa in 2015. This study reveals the links in a chain of events recorded in print, photographic and video formats in the months prior to the protests.
The first is in a magazine interview given by Wits vice chancellor professor Adam Habib before the #FeesMustFall protests, the second is an Internet documentary featuring student leaders Vuyani Pambo and Mcebo Dlamini released a few months before the initiation of the protests, as well as the events captured during the campaign itself. In all these respective outlets one is privy to the internal dynamics of student politics at Wits university that all played a crucial role in the ensuing unprecedented protests and waves of decolonization in educational reform that were to follow.
This article seeks to explain the consequences of conflicting worldviews by reconciling these disparities with the impact that conscientization (Freire 1972) has for catalysing revolutions and effecting positive changes on multiple levels.
Author Bandile B Leopeng
| 3 | | R450.00 | |
| | Self-reported use of family physician, chiropractor and physiotherapy services among adult Canadians with chronic back disorders: an observational study | Self-reported use of family physician, chiropractor and physiotherapy services among adult Canadians with chronic back disorders: an observational study
Self-reported use of family physician, chiropractor and physiotherapy services among adult Canadians with chronic back disorders: an observational study
Overview Chronic back disorders (CBD) are prevalent, costly, and among the most common reasons for seeking primary care; however, little is known regarding the comparative use of family physician, chiropractic, and physiotherapy services among people with CBD in Canada. Elucidating these differences may identify potential gaps in access to care and inform the development of strategies to improve access. The research objectives were to investigate patterns of health care use and to profile factors associated with self-reported use of family physicians, chiropractors, and physiotherapists among adult Canadians with CBD. This complex survey employs population weights and bootstrapping to be representative of the Canadian population. Following descriptive analyses, we used multiple logistic regression to profile self-reported health care use while statistically controlling for possible confounding effects. After adjustment, differential patterns of utilization were evident between provider groups with respect to age, gender, socioeconomic status, rural/urban residence, functional limitations, and presence of co-morbidities.
Acknowledgment Authors: Brenna Bath, Josh Lawson, Dennis Ma and Catherine Trask Journal BMC Health Services Research
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Machine learning based natural language processing of radiology reports in orthopaedic trauma | Machine learning based natural language processing of radiology reports in orthopaedic trauma
Machine learning based natural language processing of radiology reports in orthopaedic trauma
Overview This study was done to compare different Machine Learning (ML) Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods to classify radiology reports in orthopaedic trauma for the presence of injuries. Assessing NLP performance is a prerequisite for downstream tasks and therefore of importance from a clinical perspective (avoiding missed injuries, quality check, insight in diagnostic yield) as well as from a research perspective (identification of patient cohorts, annotation of radiographs). Datasets of Dutch radiology reports of injured extremities and chest radiographs were collected in two different hospitals and labelled by radiologists and trauma surgeons for the presence or absence of injuries. NLP classification was applied and optimized by testing different pre-processing steps and different classifiers. Performance was assessed by F1-score, AUC, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. It was concluded that the deep learning-based BERT model outperforms all other classification methods which were assessed and founded that BERT NLP outperforms traditional ML and rule-base classifiers when applied to Dutch radiology reports in orthopaedic trauma
Authors A.W. Olthof, P. Shouche, E.M. Fennemac, F.F.A. IJpmac, R.H.C. Koolstraa, V.M.A. Stirler, P.M.A. van Ooijen, L.J. Cornelissen Journal Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine | 3 | | R450.00 | |
| | The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical radiography practice: A systematic literature review and recommendations for future services planning | The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical radiography practice: A systematic literature review and recommendations for future services planning
The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical radiography practice: A systematic literature review and recommendations for future services planning
Overview Worldwide, reports and experiences indicate that there has been extensive re-organisation within diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy departments in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This was necessary due to changes in workload and working practice guidelines that have evolved during the pandemic. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on radiography practice, service delivery and workforce wellbeing. The pandemic impact on radiography practice is broadly themed around: training, communication, and information dissemination; infrastructure, technology, and clinical workflow; and workforce mental health and well-being. It was concluded that globally, most radiographers received inadequate training for managing COVID-19 patients during the initial acute phase of the pandemic. Additionally, there were significant changes to clinical practice, working patterns and perceived increase in workload due to surges in COVID-19 patients and the consequent strict adherence to new infection protocols. These changes, coupled with fear emanating from the increased risk of the workforce to contracting the infection, contributed to anxiety and workplace-related stress during the pandemic.
Authors T.N. Akudjedu, N.A. Mishio, W. Elshami, M.P. Culp, O. Lawal, B.O. Botwe, A.-R. Wuni, N. Julka-Anderson M. Shanahan, J.J. Totman, J.M. Franklin Journal Radiography
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Society of Interventional Radiology Multidisciplinary Position Statement on Percutaneous Ablation of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Metastatic Disease to the Lungs | Society of Interventional Radiology Multidisciplinary Position Statement on Percutaneous Ablation of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Metastatic Disease to the Lungs
Society of Interventional Radiology Multidisciplinary Position Statement on Percutaneous Ablation of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Metastatic Disease to the Lungs
Overview The purpose of this study is to state the Society of Interventional Radiology's position on the use of image-guided thermal ablation for the treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer, recurrent lung cancer, and metastatic disease to the lung. A multidisciplinary writing group, with expertise in treating lung cancer, conducted a comprehensive literature search to identify studies on the topic of interest. Recommendations were drafted and graded according to the updated SIR evidence grading system. A modified Delphi technique was used to achieve consensus agreement on the recommendation statements. A total of 63 studies, including existing systematic reviews and meta-analysis, retrospective cohort studies, and single-arm trials were identified. The expert writing group developed and agreed on 7 recommendations on the use of image-guided thermal ablation in the lung. It was concluded that SIR considers image-guided thermal ablation to be an acceptable treatment option for patients with inoperable Stage I NSCLC, those with recurrent NSCLC, as well as patients with metastatic lung disease. Authors Scott J. Genshaft, MD, Robert D. Suh, MD, Fereidoun Abtin, MD, Mark O. Baerlocher, MD, Albert J. Chang, MD, Sean R. Dariushnia, MD, A. Michael Devane, MD, Salomao Faintuch, MD, MS, Elizabeth A. Himes, BS, Aaron Lisberg, MD, Siddharth Padia, MD, Sheena Patel, MPH, Alda L. Tam, MD, MBA, and Jane Yanagawa, MD Journal J Vasc Interv Radiol
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Radiology Residency Preparedness and Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic | Radiology Residency Preparedness and Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Radiology Residency Preparedness and Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Overview: Since March 11, 2020, when the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak as a pandemic, radiology department preparedness policies in response to COVID-19 have been published.
While operational preparedness is crucial in the functioning of the radiology department in this pandemic, academic institutions with radiology residency programs face an additional dimension in the realm of preparedness and response.
Alvin et al provided a perspective from radiology trainees on the impact of the pandemic on residents and fellows. The aim of this article is to provide specific guidance for radiology residency program leadership to prepare and respond to the residency-related impact from the pandemic, with focus on safety and education.
Authors: Alice Chong, Nolan J. Kagetsu, Andrew Yen, Erin A. Cooke Journal: Academic Radiology | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Radiology and Enterprise Medical Imaging Extensions (REMIX) | Radiology and Enterprise Medical Imaging Extensions (REMIX)
Radiology and Enterprise Medical Imaging Extensions (REMIX)
Overview: Radiology and Enterprise Medical Imaging Extensions (REMIX) is a platform originally designed to both support the medical imaging-driven clinical and clinical research operational needs of Department of Radiology of The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. REMIX accommodates the storage and handling of "big imaging data," as needed for large multi-disciplinary cancer-focused programs.
The evolving REMIX platform contains an array of integrated tools/software packages for the following:
1. Server and storage management 2. Image reconstruction 3. Digital pathology 4. De-identification 5. Business intelligence 6. Texture analysis; and 7. Artificial intelligence.
These capabilities, along with documentation and guidance, explaining how to interact with a commercial system (e.g., PACS, EHR, commercial database) that currently exists in clinical environments, are to be made freely available.
Authors:
Barbaros S. Erdal & Luciano M. Prevedello & Songyue Qian & Mutlu Demirer & Kevin Little & John Ryu & Thomas O’Donnell 2 & Richard D. White
Journal:
J Digit Imaging
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Society of Interventional Radiology Research Reporting Standards for Prostatic Artery Embolization | Society of Interventional Radiology Research Reporting Standards for Prostatic Artery Embolization
Society of Interventional Radiology Research Reporting Standards for Prostatic Artery Embolization
Overview Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is a promising alternative to traditional surgical options for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, as with any developing area of investigation, there is a need to assemble consistent high-quality data that clarify the role of that therapy and allow for systematic analyses of multiple studies.
The objective of this Reporting Standards document is to define a consistent nomenclature and terminology with which investigators can communicate the results of PAE trials to facilitate subsequent comparisons of published techniques, embolic materials, patient populations, and outcomes. The intent is to systematize the reporting of PAE data so that higher levels of evidence can be sought. Reporting Standards are not intended to validate or recommend technical aspects of PAE, but to promote transparent, detailed, and uniform reporting of relevant data.
Authors Andre B. Uflacker, MD, Ziv J Haskal, MD, Mark O. Baerlocher, MD, Shivank S. Bhatia, MD, Francisco C. Carnevale, MD, PhD, Sean R. Dariushnia, MD, Salomao Faintuch, MD, MS, Ron C. Gaba, MD, MS, Jafar Golzarian, MD, Mehran Midia, MD, Boris Nikolic, MD, MBA, Marc R. Sapoval, MD, PhD, and T. Gregory Walker, MD
Journal J Vasc Interv Radiol | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Personality psychology in times of crisis: Profile-specific recommendations on how to deal with COVID-19 | Personality psychology in times of crisis: Profile-specific recommendations on how to deal with COVID-19
Personality psychology in times of crisis: Profile-specific recommendations on how to deal with COVID-19
Overview The early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic posed a twofold global health threat: Besides the evident danger to human life, the corona crisis is also a psychological crisis. Psychologists worldwide have contributed to cushion the distress that is laid on many societies and enforce adaptive coping strategies. However, psychological support in the past has often been broadly applied, has not been particularly parsimonious and has often been focused on severe psychological stressors. In this brief report the development and application of a low threshold tool that generates personality-specific recommendations on how to functionally cope with the psychological challenges of the corona crisis is described. The tool gained widespread attention in Germany and many other countries and was well received by users. It demonstrates how psychological knowledge from personality and health psychology can be combined to be of very concrete use for many people in a threatening situation. It is also show that personality is related to health behaviour in a crisis in a meaningful way, providing further evidence that personality-specific advice can be a useful approach for supporting persons to cope with the crisis.
Authors: Moritz Michels, Andreas Glockner, Daniel Giersch Journal Personality and Individual Differences | 3 | | R430.00 | |
| | Implementation of Real-Time Speech Separation Model Using Time-Domain Audio Separation Network (TasNet) and Dual-Path Recurrent Neural Network (DPRNN) | Implementation of Real-Time Speech Separation Model Using Time-Domain Audio Separation Network (TasNet) and Dual-Path Recurrent Neural Network (DPRNN)
Implementation of Real-Time Speech Separation Model Using Time-Domain Audio Separation Network (TasNet) and Dual-Path Recurrent Neural Network (DPRNN)
Overview The purpose of this research is to develop a model that can perform real-time speaker independent multi-talker speech separation task in time-domain using Time-Domain Audio Separation Network (TasNet) and Dual-Path Recurrent Neural Network (DPRNN). This research conducted experiments on some RNN architectures, number of batch size, and optimizers as hyperparameters in order to implement TasNet and DPRNN. This research also tried to analyse the impact of these hyperparameters setup on model performance. The expected result of this research was a more accurate model and lower latency to complete speaker independent multi-talker speech separation task in real-time than previous research model
Authors Alfian Wijayakusumaa, Davin Reinaldo Gozalia, Anthony Widjajaa, Hanry Ham Journal Procedia Computer Science
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | The psychosocial impact of surgical complications on the operating surgeon: A scoping review | The psychosocial impact of surgical complications on the operating surgeon: A scoping review
The psychosocial impact of surgical complications on the operating surgeon: A scoping review
Overview Surgical complications are common, and their management is an integral part of surgical care. The impact on the surgeon, the “second victim” is significant, particularly in terms of psychological health. The aim of this review is to describe the nature of psychosocial consequences of surgical complications on the surgeons involved. Following scoping review protocols, this study set out to identify the evidence-base for psychosocial consequences on the operating surgeon, predominantly general surgeons, following surgical complications. This review suggests that the psychosocial impact, following a complication, is variable but affects every surgeon irrespective of the level of impact on the patient. The main variables differentiating impact are severity, and outcome of the complication and seniority of the surgeon. Reported emotions and behaviours were generally negative and persist across the surgeon’s journey towards recovery. Surgeons who manage stress well exhibit largely constructive behaviours and actively work to recover. Identification of variables underpinning complications, and affected surgeons is paramount, as is the provision of services to support recovery. Efforts should be made to proactively prevent complications, via education, awareness and to formalise support processes.
Authors Manjunath Siddaiah-Subramanya, Henry To, Catherine Haigh Journal Annals of Medicine and Surgery
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | End users’ rating of a mHealth app prototype for paediatric speech pathology clinical assessment | End users’ rating of a mHealth app prototype for paediatric speech pathology clinical assessment
End users’ rating of a mHealth app prototype for paediatric speech pathology clinical assessment
Overview Previous studies reported the efficacy of the implementation of information technology in clinical evaluation. No research has addressed the development of mobile applications for the clinical evaluation and diagnosis of paediatric language disorders. This study aims to investigate the usability of a clinical assessment mobile application (app) prototype, the ‘‘Paediatric Arabic Language Test” (PALT), to diagnose language disorders among paediatric patients. Using the Lewis Computer Software Usability Questionnaire (CSUQ) and a 5-point Likert Scale, data was collected and scored on the usability of the app prototype developed on two mobile platforms iPhone and iPad- across a general operating system, iOS. A sample of 77 potential end-users rated the usability of the app prototype that they used between 2017 and 2019. It was concluded that the prototype design was judged to be usable. Users reported an effective user interface that allows effective operation. Differences in the factor loading may be explained by cultural factors, type of task and field context.Authors Lamya Alabdulkarim Journal Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Hearing-related quality of life, developmental outcomes and performance in children and young adults with unilateral conductive hearing loss due to aural atresia | Hearing-related quality of life, developmental outcomes and performance in children and young adults with unilateral conductive hearing loss due to aural atresia
Hearing-related quality of life, developmental outcomes and performance in children and young adults with unilateral conductive hearing loss due to aural atresia
Overview While research has shown that children with single sided deafness have a lower quality of life and developmental outcomes compared to normal hearing peers, little is known about these domains in children with unilateral congenital conductive hearing loss due to aural atresia. This study aims to investigate the hearing-related quality of life, developmental outcomes and educational performance in children and young adults with unilateral conductive hearing loss due to aural atresia. It was concluded that children and young adults with unilateral conductive hearing loss due to congenital aural atresia showed lower scores regarding hearing-related quality of life compared to normal-hearing peers. The result show similarities with children with single sided deafness. Regarding general quality of life, speech and language development and in social-emotional and behavioural domains the studied children and young adults seem to develop according to norm scores. It is important to observe these children closely as they may need guidance during education to allow them to thrive.
Authors A.L. Smit, Y.R.W. Burgers, H.F.N. Swanenburg de Veye, I. Stegeman, C.C. Breugem Journal International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Effectiveness of an Eye-Cervical Re-Education Program in Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial | Effectiveness of an Eye-Cervical Re-Education Program in Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Effectiveness of an Eye-Cervical Re-Education Program in Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Overview:
Proprioceptive training is popularly applied as a therapeutic exercise method in physiotherapy. Its effects on pain and range of motion are only poorly evaluated. Adults with neck pain commonly experience hyperalgesia of cervical muscles, as evidenced by a reduced pressure pain threshold (PPT). Pain symptoms are thought to worsen in response to prolonged static muscle activity and/or repetitive job tasks, causing muscle metabolic disturbances. The reduced range of neck motion (ROM) is another objective finding widely investigated in CNP. It could be argued that the optimal functioning of the cervical musculature is related to the ROM; changes in neck muscle activation that result in an altered stiffness distribution may affect cervical passive stability as well as the passive and active ROM.
This study assesses the effectiveness of proprioceptive training with an Eye-Cervical Re-education Program to decrease pain and increase the joint range in chronic neck pain patients. All patients were treated with a multimodal physiotherapy intervention. The experimental group was supplemented with an exercise program that included eye-cervical proprioception.
In conclusion the eye-cervical re-education program is effective at relieving pain pressure thresholds in the upper trapezius, right levator scapula, and left splenius capitis and especially effective for increasing the cervical range of motion.
Acknowledgments: Authors: Veronica Perez-Cabezas, Carmen Ruiz-Molinero, Jose Jesus Jimenez-Rejano, Gema Chamorro Moriana, Gloria Gonzalez-Medina and Raquel Chillon-Martinez
Journal: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Professional YouTubers’ health videos as research material: Formulating a multi-method design in health psychology | Professional YouTubers’ health videos as research material: Formulating a multi-method design in health psychology
Professional YouTubers’ health videos as research material: Formulating a multi-method design in health psychology
Overview
Professional YouTubers are developing a new culture through which they stage health content in pervasive ways. The present article aims to provide a methodological approach to analyse this type of content by adopting a critical perspective in health psychology. To achieve this, the theoretical framework was defined. Second, a multi-method design combining narrative and visual analyses was formulated, as well as automatised linguistic procedures. The potential of this methodology through concrete examples was then illustrated. Implications of this methodology in health psychology are discussed with regard to healthism, a dominant contemporary trend that strongly values the individualised pursuit of health.
Authors del Río Carral María, Volpato Lucia, Michoud Chlo´e, Phan Thanh-Trung, Gatica-P´erez Daniel
Journal Methods in Psychology | 3 | | R450.00 | |
| | Perceptions around adult and child sex offenders and their rehabilitation as a function of education in forensic psychology independent of traditionalism and perpetrator sex | Perceptions around adult and child sex offenders and their rehabilitation as a function of education in forensic psychology independent of traditionalism and perpetrator sex
Perceptions around adult and child sex offenders and their rehabilitation as a function of education in forensic psychology independent of traditionalism and perpetrator sex
Overview
Literature pertaining to individuals with sexual convictions typically reports punitive views about their crimes, sentences, and overall effectiveness of rehabilitation, with such perceptions partially driven by offence demographics such as victim age and perpetrator sex. This manuscript extends this literature through the exploration of perceiver characteristics of self-reported traditionalism and education in forensic psychology as mechanisms of perceptions and awareness. Participants (N ¼ 101; 60% forensic psychology students; 40% general public) read online vignettes related to sexual offences (manipulating perpetrator sex and victim age), and completed measures of perceptions of sex offenders, perceived rehabilitation efficacy and traditionalism. Members of the general population (without a background of education in forensic psychology) reported harsher views towards individuals with sexual convictions and their rehabilitation, relative to students of forensic psychology, independent of their greater traditionalism. There was no main effect of or interaction with perpetrator sex. Whilst participants endorsed more negative perceptions towards sex offenders of child than adult victims, this did not extent to differences in perceptions regarding their rehabilitation. Findings reported here indicate a need for greater understanding as to the factors that might moderate perceptions towards individuals with sexual convictions and have implications for the promotion of sex offender rehabilitation programmes. Understanding the root of such public attitudes is a key step for creating and improving associated policies.
Authors Megan Rothwell, Dean Fido, Nadja Heym | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Towards a Decolonized Dialogical Psychotherapy | Towards a Decolonized Dialogical Psychotherapy
Towards a Decolonized Dialogical Psychotherapy
Overview
In the following article the author argues for a new type of therapeutic approach which he termed “dialogical decolonised psychotherapy”, which uses similar concepts that are the foundation of Freire’s Pedagogy of Freedom (2000) and Martín-Baró’s liberation psychology (1996) and applies them to contemporary psychotherapy in South Africa.
This article focuses on the practice of psychotherapy in public and private settings. In line with this, the existing models of psychotherapy which utilise exclusively westernised frameworks by practising clinicians are regarded as potentially damaging to the therapeutic relationship in South Africa. He introduces “Therapy as Dialogical” and show how this approach is preferable in terms of building a genuine therapeutic relationship where all clients and psychotherapists are considered participants in creation.
Author
Bandile Leopeng University of the Witswatersrand
| 3 | | R445.00 | |
| | COVID-19 in Pediatrics | COVID-19 in Pediatrics
Overview In 2019, a novel coronavirus emerged called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Initially identified in Wuhan, China, COVID-19 spread internationally and became a global pandemic. Most pediatric COVID-19 cases were milder than in adults, but in the early Spring of 2020, a new inflammatory syndrome emerged in children who had evidence of prior SARS CoV-2 infection, called Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). As of March 2021, there were approximately 2,592,619 cases of COVID-19 in people under 18 in the United States and 300 deaths. Of all American cases, 2.1% were in children aged 0 to 4 years old, and another 10.2% were in those aged 5 to 17. Prevalence varies by age, with estimates ranging from 17% for children under 2 years old to 25% of children ages 6 to 10 years old, and 23% in 10 to 14 years old. The severity of the disease is generally lower for children, with only 1% to 5% of pediatric cases qualifying as severe versus to 10% to 20% in adults. This finding is thought to reflect the lower levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in alveolar cells, which is the mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 enters cells. Being older than 12 years and having a high initial C-reactive protein (CRP) are risk factors for admission to a pediatric intensive care unit, and high CRP, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia are risk factors for organ dysfunction. Viral load and young age, specifically children under 1 year of age, are other risk factors for more severe disease. This study describes the features, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric COVID-19 and MIS-C based on the data available at the time of publication.
Authors Case SM, Son MB
Journal Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America | 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | Eliciting Emotion and Action Increases Social Media Engagement: An Analysis of Influential Orthopaedic Surgeons | Eliciting Emotion and Action Increases Social Media Engagement: An Analysis of Influential Orthopaedic Surgeons
Eliciting Emotion and Action Increases Social Media Engagement: An Analysis of Influential Orthopaedic Surgeons
Overview The purpose of this study is to analyse the Instagram practices of current orthopaedic surgeons and the components associated with highest reach and interactions. The top 25 orthopaedic surgeon Instagram profiles using the hashtag #ortho were ranked by the number of followers. Account information regarding followers, posts, engagement percentage, average likes, average comments, average video view, average video likes, average video comments, and estimated cost per post was recorded using social media marketing tools. An analysis of each Instagram profiles’ top 10 posts, based on number of likes, was conducted. The present investigation found that the most effective strategies to generate more interactions on Instagram are those that elicit emotional responses and provoke viewer engagement by asking questions and directing actions. Additionally, it was found that promotional content was not well received by viewers
Authors Muhammad J. Abbas, B.S., LafiS. Khalil, M.D., Abdulah Haikal, B.A., Miriam E. Dash, M.S.,Gauthier Dongmo, B.S., and Kelechi R. Okoroha, M.D Journal Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalised children and adolescents in the UK: a prospective national cohort study | Neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalised children and adolescents in the UK: a prospective national cohort study
Neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalised children and adolescents in the UK: a prospective national cohort study
Overview The spectrum of neurological and psychiatric complications associated with paediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection is poorly understood. This study aimed to analyse the range and prevalence of these complications in hospitalised children and adolescents. A national cohort study was conducted in the UK using an online network of secure rapid-response notification portals established by the CoroNerve study group. Patients were excluded if they did not have a neurological consultation or neurological investigations or both or did not meet the definition for confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (a positive PCR or respiratory or spinal fluid samples, serology for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, or both). Individuals were classified as having either a primary neurological disorder associated with COVID-19 (COVID-19 neurology group) or PIMS-TS with neurological features (PIMS-TS neurology group). The denominator of all hospitalised children and adolescents with COVID-19 was collated from National Health Service England data. This study identified key differences between those with a primary neurological disorder versus those with PIMS-TS. Compared with patients with a primary neurological disorder, more patients with PIMS-TS needed intensive care, but outcomes were similar overall.
Authors Stephen T J Ray et al
Journal The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Previous History of Knee Arthroscopy in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Examination of the Effect of the Literature and American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 2013 Arthroscopy Guidelines on Clinical Practice | Previous History of Knee Arthroscopy in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Examination of the Effect of the Literature and American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 2013 Arthroscopy Guidelines on Clinical Practice
Previous History of Knee Arthroscopy in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Examination of the Effect of the Literature and American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 2013 Arthroscopy Guidelines on Clinical Practice
Overview The purpose of this study was to compare the rate of previous knee arthroscopy in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) before (2005-2006) and after (2018) publication of landmark studies that examined the effectiveness of knee arthroscopy as well as the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 2013 knee arthroscopy guidelines. In this study a retrospective chart review of 214 patients who underwent a TKA between 2005 and 2006 (Group 1) and 213 patients who underwent a TKA in 2018 (Group 2) was performed. The medical records were to determine whether previous knee arthroscopy was performed. The findings suggests that the recommendations set forth by landmark clinical trials that examined the effectiveness of knee arthroscopy and the AAOS 2013 knee arthroscopy guidelines did not have a sudden impact within the geographic region, however there is significant evidence to suggest a gradual shift in treatment, where knee arthroscopy is withheld near imminent knee arthroplasty.
Authors Melissa A. Kluczynski, M.S.., Griffin Lunn, Matthew J. Phillips, M.D., andJohn M. Marzo, M.D
Journal Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation | 3 | | R485.00 | |
| | Influences for Gender Disparity in Academic Family Medicine in North American Medical Schools | Influences for Gender Disparity in Academic Family Medicine in North American Medical Schools
Influences for Gender Disparity in Academic Family Medicine in North American Medical Schools
Overview Women physicians continue to comprise the minority of leadership roles in Academic Family Medicine (AFM) faculty across North American medical schools. This study quantified the current state of gender disparity by analysing academic position, leadership ranking, and research productivity.
A database for 6,746 AFM faculty members was generated. Gender and academic profiles were obtained for 2,892 academic ranks and 1,706 leadership roles by searching faculty listings enlisted in Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA) and Canadian Resident Matching Service (CaRMS).
The results indicated that women hold 46.11% (3,110/6,746) of faculty positions. The proportional composition decreased with increasing academic ranking (49.84% assistant, 46.78% associate, and 41.5% full professor). The same decreasing trend was demonstrated with leadership rank (57.14% minor leadership, 47.65% second-in-command, and 36.61 first-in command). Compared to their gender counterparts, women in AFM demonstrated lower publication productivity as measured by citation number (p=0.04) and years of study (p=0.008).
In conclusion it was found that the composition of academic family medicine faculty members included in this study demonstrated gender disparity. Inclusivity initiatives and policies to tackle the issue of female retention, promotion, and recruitment need to be further explored.
Authors Szu-Yu Tina Chen, Sabeena Jalal, Maryam Ahmadi, Kiran Khurshid, Nizar Bhulani, Ateeq U. Rehman, Aftab Ahmad, Jeffrey Ding, Terri-Leigh R. Aldred, Faisal Khosa
Journal Cureus
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Helping the Surgeon Recover: Peer-to-Peer Coaching after Bile Duct Injury | Helping the Surgeon Recover: Peer-to-Peer Coaching after Bile Duct Injury
Helping the Surgeon Recover: Peer-to-Peer Coaching after Bile Duct Injury
Overview Bile duct injury sustained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with high morbidity and mortality and can be a devastating complication for a general surgeon. This study introduces a novel, individualized surgical coaching program for surgeons who recently injured a bile duct in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The course aims to explore the perception of coaching among these surgeons and to assess surgeons’ experiences in the coaching program. Six general surgeons who injured a bile duct at an emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy participated in a one-on-one coaching session with a hepatopancreatobiliary surgeon. The session focused on debriefing the index case with video feedback, and discussion of strategies for safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Peer coaching was identified as a valuable resource in helping surgeons regain confidence and maintain well-being after a bile duct injury. Maintaining a collegial, nonjudgmental relationship is critical in establishing positive coaching experiences. An individualized surgical coaching program creates a unique opportunity for professional development and may help promote safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Authors Alice ZhuShirley, DengBrittany, GreeneMelanie, TsangShiva Jayarama
Journal Journal of the American College of Surgeons
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Social Media Use Among Academic Hand Surgeons | Social Media Use Among Academic Hand Surgeons
Social Media Use Among Academic Hand Surgeons
Overview Social media has become increasingly prevalent among the general population in the past decade. We examined the current prevalence of social media use among academic orthopedic-trained and plastic surgery-trained hand surgeons in the United States. All publicly available hand surgery faculty across the nation were analyzed for their public social media usage, including Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, and personal websites. Comparisons of social media usage between orthopedic-trained and plastic surgery-trained hand surgeons, male and female academic hand surgeons, hand surgeons from different regions of the United States (East, West, Midwest, and South), and years of experience were analyzed. Despite the widely known use of social media among plastic and aesthetic surgeons, this study shows the use of web-based marketing strategies to be quite rare in the academic hand surgery setting. The study shows that throughout the United States, academic hand surgeons use social media at low rates. It is suggested that academic plastic surgery and orthopedic hand surgeons throughout the United States consider having a larger social media presence to expand advertising, improve patient education, and enhance networking among their practices. Social media can be a valuable tool and will likely only increase in popularity in the coming years.
Authors Nihaal Reddy BS, Tyler Evans MD, Ryan Jefferson MD, Austin J. Roebke MD, Sonu A. Jain MD Journal Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online | 3 | | R450.00 | |
| | An integrative medicine case exemplar: The perspectives of a family physician credentialed in acupuncture | An integrative medicine case exemplar: The perspectives of a family physician credentialed in acupuncture
An integrative medicine case exemplar: The perspectives of a family physician credentialed in acupuncture
Overview Although the meaning of Integrative Medicine differs by individual patients, their demand for a more inclusive and integrative approach to care that utilizes both conventional and complementary medicine modalities has been increasing. Integrative medicine is an attempt to fulfil this growing demand for more holistic approaches to healthcare. One advantage of establishing a system that encourages more MCPs is that it allows patients to receive conventional and complementary medical care from one individual, but the time and expense of producing these MCPs poses a significant challenge in creating a pipeline of these individuals. If collaboration among clinicians was facilitated to provide patients with an integrative approach to their health care, this would allow the clinician to specialize in their area of focus; however, differing opinions and perspectives about how to care for the patient may pose significant communication challenges in the delivery of effective integrative care. Both approaches have the potential to create more access to integrative medicine for patients. Generous funding sources that create platforms for integrative medicine healthcare, such as The Bernard Osher Foundation’s support for Integrative Medicine, allow university–based community healthcare systems to generate research data that support evidence-based systemic change.
Authors Iman Majd, Paul S. Amieuxb, Sierra V. Cortes, Masa Sasagawa Journal Advances in Integrative Medicine 7 | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Analgesic Effect of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Treatment Combined with Fascial Manipulation Theory for Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder: A Retrospective Study | Analgesic Effect of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Treatment Combined with Fascial Manipulation Theory for Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder: A Retrospective Study
Analgesic Effect of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Treatment Combined with Fascial Manipulation Theory for Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder: A Retrospective Study
Overview: Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal malady, and one of the most prevalent causes of shoulder pain is adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder (AC), which may be associated with minor trauma, environmental stresses, autoimmune processes, or disease like diabetes mellitus.
During recent years, the critical role of the fascia in the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal pain and dysfunction has gradually been accepted, and there is a prevailing view that the myofascial system is a three-dimensional continuum wherein musculoskeletal disorders may be caused by changes in the deep muscle fascia, such as lack of sliding, stretching, and appropriate adaptation.
This study aims to explore whether extracorporeal shockwave treatment (ESWT) based on the theory of fascial manipulation (FM) at select treatment points is superior to traditional local ESWT for pain relief in adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder.
Acknowledgments: Authors: Xiangnan Yuan, Fenghua Zhou, Lixin Zhang, Zhiqiang Zhang and Jianjun Li
Journal: BioMed Research International 2018 | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Effect of Deep Cervical Flexor Muscle Training Using Pressure Biofeedback on Pain and Forward Head Posture in School Teachers with Neck Pain: An Observational Study | Effect of Deep Cervical Flexor Muscle Training Using Pressure Biofeedback on Pain and Forward Head Posture in School Teachers with Neck Pain: An Observational Study
Effect of Deep Cervical Flexor Muscle Training Using Pressure Biofeedback on Pain and Forward Head Posture in School Teachers with Neck Pain: An Observational Study
Overview: Teaching is one of the professions where incidence and prevalence of neck pain is high. Prolonged use of computers, which has further increased due to online teaching amid pandemic, is known to cause neck pain and alter posture, while people with forward head posture (FHP) are prone to develop neck pain and related disability. Research has shown that impairment of deep cervical flexor (DCF) muscles leads to insufficiency in coordination, activation, overload, and poor support on cervical structures that further lead to development of neck pain and altered neck posture. The objective of this study was to see the effect of DCF muscle training using pressure biofeedback on pain and FHP in schoolteachers with neck pain.
This observational study was conducted at medical center in school premises. Fifty-five schoolteachers aged between 25 and 40 years with experience of more than 5 years were invited to participate in this study. Pain and FHP were assessed using NPRS and cranio-vertebral angle using digital photograph technique, respectively, at baseline and end of four weeks of treatment.
This study shows that although pain and FHP improved following conventional exercises in schoolteachers with neck pain, mean improvement was more significant among those who received additional DCF muscle training using pressure biofeedback.
Acknowledgments:
Authors: Ahmad H. Alghadir and Zaheen A. Iqbal
Journal: BioMed Research International | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | HIV and Aids | HIV and Aids
Overview
HIV disease is caused by infection with HIV-1 or HIV-2, which are retroviruses in the Retroviridae family, Lentivirus genus. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a blood-borne virus typically transmitted via sexual intercourse, shared intravenous drug paraphernalia, and mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), which can occur during the birth process or during breastfeeding. The patient with HIV may present with signs and symptoms of any of the stages of HIV infection. No physical findings are specific to HIV infection; the physical findings are those of the presenting infection or illness. Examples of manifestations include acute seroconversion manifests as a flulike illness, consisting of fever, malaise, generalized rash, generalized lymphadenopathy is common and may be a presenting symptom. This course covers the screening, diagnosis, medication and management of Aids.
Author: Sharespike | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Hypertension Part 3 | Hypertension Part 3
Overview Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. For patients who are symptomatic, however, uncontrolled elevations in blood pressure are true medical emergencies that require rapid intervention in the ED. It is therefore important to understand the disease of chronic hypertension and, perhaps more important, episodes of acute and uncontrolled elevations in blood pressure so that we, as prehospital care providers, can better stratify these patients into low- and high-risk groups that may or may not require transport to an ED for evaluation and treatment.
As we will discuss, it is reasonable to say that not every patient who presents with hypertension is at high risk of morbidity and mortality and absolutely requires evaluation and treatment at an ED. This is not to say EMTs and paramedics should talk patients out of going to EDs for evaluation. Rather, we will strive to give prehospital care providers a better understanding of the risks involved with acute hypertension so they can better work with their patients to find a solution that is safe, reasonable and responsible for everyone involved. This article discusses the topic of acute hypertension, hypertensive urgency and hypertensive emergencies in an effort to help EMS providers better understand these illnesses and help patients make the best decisions regarding their transport and care.
Authors:
Sharespike
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Hypertension Part 2 | Hypertension Part 2
Overview Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. For patients who are symptomatic, however, uncontrolled elevations in blood pressure are true medical emergencies that require rapid intervention in the ED. It is therefore important to understand the disease of chronic hypertension and, perhaps more important, episodes of acute and uncontrolled elevations in blood pressure so that we, as prehospital care providers, can better stratify these patients into low- and high-risk groups that may or may not require transport to an ED for evaluation and treatment.
As we will discuss, it is reasonable to say that not every patient who presents with hypertension is at high risk of morbidity and mortality and absolutely requires evaluation and treatment at an ED. This is not to say EMTs and paramedics should talk patients out of going to EDs for evaluation. Rather, we will strive to give prehospital care providers a better understanding of the risks involved with acute hypertension so they can better work with their patients to find a solution that is safe, reasonable and responsible for everyone involved. This article discusses the topic of acute hypertension, hypertensive urgency and hypertensive emergencies in an effort to help EMS providers better understand these illnesses and help patients make the best decisions regarding their transport and care.
Authors:
Sharespike
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Bee Sting and Anaphylaxis | Bee Sting and Anaphylaxis
Bee Sting and Anaphylaxis
Overview Hymenoptera stings account for more deaths in the United States than any other envenomation. The order Hymenoptera includes Apis species, ie, bees (European, African), vespids (wasps, yellow jackets, hornets), and ants. Most deaths result from immediate hypersensitivity reactions and anaphylaxis. Severe anaphylactoid reactions occur occasionally when toxins directly stimulate mast cells. In addition to immunologic mechanisms, some injury occurs from direct toxicity. While most stings cause only minor problems, stings cause a significant number of deaths.
Target organs are the skin, vascular system, and respiratory system. Pathology is like other immunoglobulin E (IgE)–mediated allergic reactions. Anaphylaxis is a common and life-threatening consequence of Hymenoptera stings and is typically a result of sudden systemic release of mast cells and basophil mediators. Urticaria, vasodilation, bronchospasm, laryngospasm, and angioedema are prominent symptoms of the reaction. Respiratory arrest may result in refractory cases
This study aims to discuss the different stings, prognosis and emergency reactions and treatment thereto.
Author Sharespike | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | COVID-19 among dentists in the United States A 6-month longitudinal report of accumulative prevalence and incidence | COVID-19 among dentists in the United States A 6-month longitudinal report of accumulative prevalence and incidence
COVID-19 among dentists in the United States A 6-month longitudinal report of accumulative prevalence and incidence
Overview In 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Dental Association released COVID-19 infection control interim guidance for US dentists, advising the use of optimal personal protection equipment during aerosol-generating procedures. The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine the cumulative prevalence and incidence rates of COVID-19 among dentists and to assess their level of engagement in specific infection control practices. US dentists were invited to participate in a monthly web-based survey from June through November 2020. The proportion of dentists tested for COVID-19 increased over time, as did the rate of dentists performing aerosol-generating procedures. Enhanced infection prevention and control strategies in the dental practice were reported by nearly every participant monthly, and rates of personal protection equipment optimization, such as changing masks after each patient, dropped over time. US dentists continue to show a high level of adherence to enhanced infection control procedures in response to the ongoing pandemic, resulting in low rates of cumulative prevalence of COVID-19. Dentists are showing adherence to a strict protocol for enhanced infection control, which should help protect their patients, their dental team members, and themselves. COVID-19 infections among practicing dentists will likely remain low if dentists continue to adhere to guidance.
Authors Marcelo W.B. Araujo, DDS, MS, PhD; Cameron G. Estrich, MPH, PhD; Matthew Mikkelsen, MA; Rachel Morrissey, MPA; Brittany Harrison, MA; Maria L. Geisinger, DDS, MS; Effie Ioannidou, DDS, MDS; Marko Vujicic Journal JADA
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Oral Health and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Unique Collaboration between Dentistry and Occupational Therapy | Oral Health and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Unique Collaboration between Dentistry and Occupational Therapy
Oral Health and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Unique Collaboration between Dentistry and Occupational Therapy
Overview Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are at risk for oral health disparities. With the dramatic rise in ASD prevalence to 1 in 54 children, it is likely that an increasing number of dental practitioners will encounter or be asked to treat children with ASD. This paper reviews explanations related to the increasing prevalence of ASD, provides reasons why children with ASD are at increased risk for poor oral health, and discusses unique interprofessional collaborations between dental practitioners and occupational therapists. Occupational therapists and dentists can work together to plan modifications to the dental environment or adapt dental protocols to reduce some of the barriers encountered by those with ASD, provide desensitization strategies before the clinic visit, or help a child with emotional regulation during clinical treatments.
Authors Dominique H. Como,Leah I. Stein Duker, José C. Polido and Sharon A. Cermak Journal Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | SOPEZ: Study for the optimization of ergonomics in the dental practice - musculoskeletal disorders in dentists and dental assistants: a study protocol | SOPEZ: Study for the optimization of ergonomics in the dental practice - musculoskeletal disorders in dentists and dental assistants: a study protocol
SOPEZ: Study for the optimization of ergonomics in the dental practice - musculoskeletal disorders in dentists and dental assistants: a study protocol
Overview: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are common among dental professionals. The most common areas affected are the trunk, neck, shoulders and wrists. Current evidence suggests that the causes of MSD can be found in the physical demands of the profession. Posture and movement during treatment is influenced by the arrangement of the treatment concept (patient chair, equipment and cabinets). It has not been investigated whether the ergonomic risk differs between the treatment concepts. For the first time, objective and differentiated comparisons between the four treatment concepts are possible for different fields of dental specialization. Up to now, statically held positions of the trunk and proximal upper extremities, but also the repetitive movements of the hands have been considered a risk for MSD. Since both are included in the RULA, dental activities can be assessed in a detailed but also global manner with regard to ergonomic risks.
Authors: Ohlendorf et al. Journal: Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Amebiasis | Amebiasis
Overview Amebiasis is caused by Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan that is found worldwide. The highest prevalence of amebiasis is in developing countries where barriers between human faeces and food and water supplies are inadequate.
Although most cases of amebiasis are asymptomatic, dysentery and invasive extraintestinal disease can occur. Amebic liver abscess is the most common manifestation of invasive amebiasis, but other organs can also be involved, including pleuropulmonary, cardiac, cerebral, renal, genitourinary, peritoneal, and cutaneous sites. In developed countries, amebiasis primarily affects migrants from and travellers to endemic regions, men who have sex with men, and immunosuppressed or institutionalized individuals.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has classified E histolytica as a category B biodefense pathogen because of its low infectious dose, environmental stability, resistance to chlorine, and ease of dissemination through contamination of food and water supplies.
E histolytica is transmitted via ingestion of the cystic form (infective stage) of the protozoa. Viable in the environment for weeks to months, cysts can be found in soil contaminated with faecal, fertilizer, or water or on the contaminated hands of food handlers. Faecal-oral transmission can also occur in the setting of anal sexual practices or direct rectal inoculation through colonic irrigation devices.
Author Sharespike
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Asthma Exacerbation Part 2 | Asthma Exacerbation Part 2
Asthma Exacerbation Part 2
Overview
Asthma is a common chronic disease worldwide and affects approximately 26 million persons in the United States. It is the most common chronic disease in childhood, affecting an estimated 7 million children, and it is a common cause of hospitalization for children in the United States.
The pathophysiology of asthma is complex and involves airway inflammation, intermittent airflow obstruction, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The mechanism of inflammation in asthma may be acute, subacute, or chronic, and the presence of airway edema and mucus secretion also contributes to airflow obstruction and bronchial reactivity. Varying degrees of mononuclear cell and eosinophil infiltration, mucus hypersecretion, desquamation of the epithelium, smooth muscle hyperplasia, and airway remodelling are present. Physical findings vary with the severity of the asthma and with the absence or presence of an acute episode and its severity. Pharmacologic management includes the use of relief and control agents.
Author Sharespike | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Asthma Exacerbation Part 1 | Asthma Exacerbation Part 1
Asthma Exacerbation Part 1
Overview
Asthma is a common chronic disease worldwide and affects approximately 26 million persons in the United States. It is the most common chronic disease in childhood, affecting an estimated 7 million children, and it is a common cause of hospitalization for children in the United States.
The pathophysiology of asthma is complex and involves airway inflammation, intermittent airflow obstruction, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The mechanism of inflammation in asthma may be acute, subacute, or chronic, and the presence of airway edema and mucus secretion also contributes to airflow obstruction and bronchial reactivity. Varying degrees of mononuclear cell and eosinophil infiltration, mucus hypersecretion, desquamation of the epithelium, smooth muscle hyperplasia, and airway remodelling are present. Physical findings vary with the severity of the asthma and with the absence or presence of an acute episode and its severity. Pharmacologic management includes the use of relief and control agents. Author Sharespike | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Dentist Job Satisfaction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | Dentist Job Satisfaction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Dentist Job Satisfaction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Overview
Because of the heterogeneous nature of the evidence regarding dentists’ job satisfaction, an overview was necessary to examine dentists’ level of job satisfaction and to determine related work environmental factors.
Nine studies were included from the 1987 initially retrieved. Among the included studies, 5 exhibited a neutral level of satisfaction and originated from China, South Korea, Egypt, and the United States, and 3 studies from Canada, Lithuania, and the United States showed a high level of satisfaction. Only 1 study did not report the mean job satisfaction score. According to bias evaluation, 9 studies were considered low risk.
The findings showed that dentists were satisfied with their jobs at a moderate to high level, and specialists were more satisfied than general dentists. Regarding work environmental factors, the 6 most satisfied factors were patient relationships, respect, delivery of care, staff, professional relationship, and professional environment. Five of the least satisfied factors were personal time, stress, income, practice management, and professional time.
Authors Van Nhat Thang Le, Minh-Huy Dang, Jae-Gon Kim, Yeon-Mi Yang, Dae-Woo Lee
Journal: International Dental Journal | 3 | | R390.00 | |
| | The role of the dentist in the diagnosis and management of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea | The role of the dentist in the diagnosis and management of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
The role of the dentist in the diagnosis and management of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
Overview
The objective of this article is to review the role of the dentist in the early diagnosis of pediatric obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and to provide an in-depth review of the best evidence-based practices available to treat and/or to refer these patients for intervention. A narrative review was performed using indexed data bases (PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, OVID, Scopus and Cochrane) up to year 2020, and approximately 1000 articles were reviewed. The articles included were those with the best information provided.
Detailed review of the literature suggests that the role of the dentist has been redefined owing to their expertise in the orofacial region. Every patient consulting a dental practice is not merely a dental patient; he/she also requires a comprehensive medical review. The role of the dentist is pivotal in pediatric patients once diagnosed with OSA; as the patients grow, growth modification can be achieved, and future management will be easier. Initiating dental treatments during growth can benefit patients two-fold, saving them from malocclusion, and intervening in orofacial structural growth can help to avoid cumbersome treatments, such as CPAP and various surgeries. Proper diagnosis and management of systemic illnesses can prevent compromised quality of life, delays in treatment, morbidity and, in some cases, mortality.
Authors: Hafiz M. Moin Anwer, Hamad N. Albagieh, Mythili Kalladka, Harmeet K. Chiang, Shaima Malik , Sean W. McLaren, Junad Khan
Journal: Saudi Dental Journal
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Differences in the Knowledge and Experience of Physicians and Dentists About Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Osteoporotic Patients | Differences in the Knowledge and Experience of Physicians and Dentists About Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Osteoporotic Patients
Differences in the Knowledge and Experience of Physicians and Dentists About Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Osteoporotic Patients
Overview Prevention of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients with osteoporosis requires the cooperation of physicians and dentists. This study investigated the knowledge, experience, and behaviour related to medical and dental cooperation for MRONJ prevention in patients with osteoporosis between physicians and dentists practising in the Shiga prefecture. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the cooperation between practising physicians and dentists for preventing osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in patients with osteoporosis using 2 separate questionnaires from July 28, 2018, to February 3, 2019. The behaviour of physicians and dentists was insufficient to enable medical and dental cooperation for the prevention of MRONJ in patients with osteoporosis. The lack of cooperation between physicians and dentists during osteoporosis treatment is documented in this study. | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Knowledge and Practice Regarding Oral Cancer: A Study Among Dentists in Jakarta, Indonesia | Knowledge and Practice Regarding Oral Cancer: A Study Among Dentists in Jakarta, Indonesia
Knowledge and Practice Regarding Oral Cancer: A Study Among Dentists in Jakarta, Indonesia
Overview The aim of this study was to assess dentists' knowledge of risk factors and diagnostic procedures related to oral cancer (OC) and to determine the factors that influenced their level of knowledge. A modified version of a questionnaire that had been used to assess dentists’ knowledge regarding OC in Canada was used. A total of 816 dentists were invited to participate in the study. The total response rate was 49.2%; however, the number of dentists from 5 regions in Jakarta were equally represented. Use of tobacco or alcohol and history of previous OC were the top 3 risk factors that were answered correctly by dentists, but there was a high proportion of dentists who considered some without any evidence as risk factors. Almost half of the dentists did not know the early signs of OC and that erythroplakia and leukoplakia were associated with increased risks of developing OC. Only about 27% of dentists had a high level of knowledge of risk factors and fewer dentists demonstrated a good knowledge of diagnostic procedures. Dentists’ age group, year of graduation, and experience of continuing education significantly influenced the level of knowledge of diagnostic procedures. Dentists in Jakarta had a considerable level of knowledge of major risk factors of OC, although some gaps in their knowledge, especially in diagnostic procedures, were present. Increasing these competencies may aid in the prevention and early detection of OC. Authors: Yuniardini Septorini Wimardhani, Saman Warnakulasuriya, Indriasti Indah Wardhany, Selvia Syahzaman, Yohana Agustina, Diah Ayu Maharani Journal: International Dental Journal
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Local Anaesthesia in Dentistry: A Review | Local Anaesthesia in Dentistry: A Review
Local Anaesthesia in Dentistry: A Review
Overview:
Over the past century, there is perhaps no greater contribution to the practice of clinical dentistry than the development and application of local anaesthesia. What were once considered painful procedures have now been made routine by the deposition and action of local anaesthetics. An average dentist will administer over 1,500 cartridges of dental local anaesthetic a year. As such, anyone administering this drug should be intimately familiar with what the drug does to the body, as well as what the body does to that drug.
This article will serve as a review of basic pharmacological principles of local anaesthesia, subsequent sequelae that can arise from their use, considerations when using local anaesthetics, and recent advances in the delivery of local anaesthetics.
It was concluded that this article should serve as a baseline for understanding that general dental practitioners possess for safe treatment of patients. Clinicians are encouraged to continue to expand both their didactic knowledge and practical clinical skills through advanced reading, discussion with colleagues, continuing education courses and treatment of patients.
Authors: Derek Decloux, Aviv Ouanounou
Journal: International Dental Journal
| 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | General Anxiety in Dental Staff and Hemodynamic Changes over Endodontists’ Workday during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Prospective Longitudinal Study | General Anxiety in Dental Staff and Hemodynamic Changes over Endodontists’ Workday during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
General Anxiety in Dental Staff and Hemodynamic Changes over Endodontists’ Workday during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
Overview The aim of this study was to assess general anxiety levels in endodontists and dental assistants related to different conditions during the pandemic and lockdown and to evaluate hemodynamic changes in endodontists’ heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and blood oxygenation during their workday. Anxiety levels in endodontists and dental assistants were recorded weekly during the state of alarm declared because of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Hemodynamic parameters were monitored using a sphygmomanometer for HR and blood pressure and a pulse oximeter for oxygen saturation.
Measurements were taken before and after each root canal treatment as well as on arrival at the clinic and at the end of the working day. Rest data, recorded every Saturday, served as a control. Endodontists perceived higher anxiety levels of anxiety during anaesthesia inoculation and dental assistants during the dental unit’s disinfection and equipment material. There was a significant increase in the cardiovascular response in all endodontists in the clinic registrations compared with rest data. Values were higher in the strict confinement period and significant for HR when arriving at the clinic.
Levels of general anxiety were higher during the first weeks. The chief perceived factors related to anxiety in endodontists and dental assistants were the risk of contagion and protection measures. Higher HR and blood pressure levels were registered during the workday, especially when arriving at the clinic.
Authors Juan Gonzalo Olivieri, Carlota de Espana, Marc Encinas, * XavierFructuos Ruiz, Queralt Miro, Jordi Ortega-Martinez, Fernando Dur anSindreu, Journal Journal of Endodontics | 3 | | R455.00 | |
| | Occupational health practices among dental care professionals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic | Occupational health practices among dental care professionals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Occupational health practices among dental care professionals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Overview The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a substantial burden on dental care professionals. While dentistry is known as one of the most exposed and high-risk professions, dental care professionals are indeed at even greater risk. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, occupational health practices, personal protective equipment usage, and mental stressors during COVID-19 pandemic among dental care professionals. Ongoing training on infection control, occupational health practices, and PPE usage can prevent the transmission of COVID-19 among dental care professionals and the public. Lack of adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) is a burden for applying occupational health practices in dental clinics and present a risk to the public. COVID-19 may contribute to developing psychological stress and disrupt healthy work-life balance among dental professionals.
Authors: Sean Banaee, Denise M. Claiborne and Muge Akpinar-Elci
Journal Work 68 | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 infection-in dentists and supporting staff at a university dental hospital in Argentina | Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 infection-in dentists and supporting staff at a university dental hospital in Argentina
Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 infection-in dentists and supporting staff at a university dental hospital in Argentina
Overview Oral healthcare professionals are at increased risk of infection by SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19 in a population of workers who provided services during the COVID19 pandemic at a dental care and educational institution in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study including 358 workers who provided essential services during the first 180 days of the COVID-19 pandemic at the Dental Hospital at Buenos Aires University School of Dentistry (FOUBA). Following epidemiological data, these workers underwent diagnostic testing for COVID-19 (1- nasal or throat swab tests; 2- blood test for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays [ELISA]; 3- commercial rapid serology test). Three diagnostic tests were implemented. Rapid tests were performed on 290 subjects, with 255 negative results
For this sample of dentists, dental assistants and nonclinical personnel, the weighted prevalence of COVID-19 was 4%.
Authors Sebastian Puia, Jorge Pasart, Ariel Gualtieri, Francisco Somoza, Carolina Melo, Milton Alessandrelo, Patricio Gatti, Aldo Squassi, Pablo Alejandro Rodriguez
Journal Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Exploring the Contexts, Mechanisms and Outcomes of a Dental Anxiety Service in Norway: A Realist Evaluation | Exploring the Contexts, Mechanisms and Outcomes of a Dental Anxiety Service in Norway: A Realist Evaluation
Exploring the Contexts, Mechanisms and Outcomes of a Dental Anxiety Service in Norway: A Realist Evaluation
Overview Torture, abuse and dental phobia are often precursors to developing a pathological relationship with dental care due to elevated anxiety and the risk for re-traumatisation. Consequently, this patient group tends to avoid dental services, leaving them with severe tooth decay that affects both their general and psychosocial health. Norwegian dental services have implemented a specific dental service targeting this patient group, aiming to both alleviate their dental anxiety and restore their oral health. The outcomes of this service have been positive, but for this model to be transferrable to other national contexts, it is necessary not just to understand whether the service works, but also how and why it works. Therefore, this study developed theories on how the structure of the service alleviates dental anxiety and restores patients’ oral health. Although developed specially in a Norwegian context, these theories may be applicable to other national and international contexts. First, the state-subsidised dental service affects service access and service uptake. Second, this service can be adapted and tailored to regional resources to meet the needs of the heterogenous patient group. Third, regional service teams are cohesive because of a lack of national communication and cooperative practice. Fourth, the complexity of migration processes and poor dissemination practices leads to poor recruitment of torture survivors to the service. The service follows a hybrid bottom-up, top-down approach, allowing teams to practise discretion and tailor their approach to meet individual needs.
Authors: Emilie Bryne, Sarah Catherine Patricia Duff Hean, Kjersti Berge Evensen, Vibeke Hervik Bull
Journal: BMC Health Services Research | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Effects of the Multidimensional Treatment on Pain, Disability, and Sitting Posture in Patients with Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial | Effects of the Multidimensional Treatment on Pain, Disability, and Sitting Posture in Patients with Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of the Multidimensional Treatment on Pain, Disability, and Sitting Posture in Patients with Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Overview
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of multidimensional approach model on the pain, disability, and sitting posture in patients with nonspecific low back pain (LBP). Sixty LBP patients were recruited and were randomly divided into two groups: multidimensional treatment (MT) group and unimodal treatment (UT) group. All participants underwent 48 sessions of treatment (40 min/session, two sessions per day, 2 days per week) for 12 weeks.
The MT group conducted a core stability exercise twice a day and additionally provided training on pain principles and management methods. The UT group only performed a core stability exercise twice a day. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability index (ODI) were used to measure pain intensity and disability. Thoracolumbar kyphosis and lumbar lordosis in the sitting position were measured using a motion capture system. After training, the pain and disability in the MT group improved significantly greater than the UT group (p < 0.05). In the MT group, the pain relief effect persisted 3 months after the end of training. Thoracolumbar kyphosis and lumbar lordosis in the MT group were significantly improved compared to the UT group (p < 0.05). Thus, MT combined with core stability exercise may be used to improve the pain, disability, and sitting posture in patients with LBP.
Authors Tae-Sung In, Jin-Hwa Jung, Kyoung-Sim Jung and Hwi-Young Cho
Journal Hindawi Pain Research and Management | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Advantages of using toothpaste containing propolis and plant oils for gingivitis prevention and oral cavity hygiene in cleft lip/palate patients | Advantages of using toothpaste containing propolis and plant oils for gingivitis prevention and oral cavity hygiene in cleft lip/palate patients
Advantages of using toothpaste containing propolis and plant oils for gingivitis prevention and oral cavity hygiene in cleft lip/palate patients
Overview The anti-inflammatory and antibacterial action of preparations used during oral hygiene procedures is particularly important in patients with oral cleft. Few reports have been published assessing the influence of natural products on the state of the oral cavity in patients with oral cleft. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of toothpaste containing Polish propolis and plant oils on oral cavity health in patients with oral cleft treated orthodontically.
A total of 50 patients aged 9–16 years old (20 females, 23 males) were selected and randomly assigned into two groups. Group (A) received toothpaste with Polish propolis, tea tree oil, menthol, and rosemary oil. Group (B) received toothpaste without active ingredients (placebo). A baseline assessment was followed by an oral hygiene index (OHI, debris OHI-D, and calculus OHI-C component) and gingival bleeding index (GBI) after 35 days. The methodology of the oral condition assessment included the presence of cleft malformation as a dysmorphic of the anterior maxilla segment.
It was concluded that in group A, improvement in oral cavity hygiene assessed for incisors and molars was found (OHI-T p = 0.011). For the gingival condition, a decrease in the gingival bleeding index - total (GBI-T p = 0.002), as well as for the incisors (GBI-I p = 0.007) and molars (GBI-M p = 0.017) was found. This research confirms the biological effectiveness of toothpaste with Polish propolis and plant oils. These results may be clinically useful for improving preventative oral care and for control of oral infectious diseases during orthodontic treatment in patients with oral cleft.
Authors Agnieszka Machorowska-Pieniazek, Tadeusz Morawiec, Marcin Olek, Anna Mertas, David Aebisher, Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher, Grzegorz Cie´slar, Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
Journal Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy | 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | Studying the Bulging of a Lumbar Intervertebral Disc: A Finite Element Analysis | Studying the Bulging of a Lumbar Intervertebral Disc: A Finite Element Analysis
Studying the Bulging of a Lumbar Intervertebral Disc: A Finite Element Analysis
Overview The nucleus pulposus is a crucial compartment of the intervertebral disc. Low back pain is usually connected to the disc situation, how healthy the disc is, and it is also associated with the nucleus pulposus condition. Besides, the bulging (deformation) at the disc plays a vital role in patients suffering from disc degeneration. Increasing bulging causes to increase shear stresses at the annulus fibrosus and eventually leads to surgical intervention if classical treatments do not alleviate the pain. Therefore, knowing the behaviour of bulging in the intervertebral disc helps to prevent severe damage to the disc and contributes to finding a feasible treatment for damaged discs. In this study, a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model was used to investigate the bulging in the lumbar disc due to changing the nucleus pulposus status. The model resembles the overall anatomic geometry of the human spinal functional unit of the lumbar region, but without the posterior element. The findings showed that bulging direction in the disc agrees with literature data and removing the nucleus pulposus significantly affects the response of the disc
Authors Hassan Mansour Raheema, Mohanad Aljanabi
Journal Procedia Structural Integrity | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Pain Management through Neurocognitive Therapeutic Exercises in Hypermobile Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain | Pain Management through Neurocognitive Therapeutic Exercises in Hypermobile Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain
Pain Management through Neurocognitive Therapeutic Exercises in Hypermobile Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain
Overview The hypermobile type of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (hEDS) is likely the most common hereditary disorder of connective tissue mainly characterized by joint hypermobility. Patients with hEDS suffer joint pain, in particular low back pain, commonly resistant to drug therapy. The aim of this research was to evaluate a neurocognitive rehabilitation approach based not only on the motion and function recovery but also on the pain management. In this nonrandomized clinical trial, eighteen hEDS patients (4 males and 14 females) with mean age 21 years (range 13-55) were recruited and evaluated before and after three months of rehabilitation treatment. The clinical results observed in this study seem to confirm the role of a specific neurocognitive rehabilitation program in the chronic pain management in the Ehlers–Danlos syndrome; the rehabilitation treatment should be tailored on patient problems and focused not only in the recovery of movement but also on pain perception.
Authors Claudia Celletti, Teresa Paolucci , Loredana Maggi, Giordana Volpi, Mariangela Billi, Roberta Mollica,and Filippo Camerota
Journal Hindawi BioMed Research International | 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | Applying machine learning on health record data from general practitioners to predict suicidality | Applying machine learning on health record data from general practitioners to predict suicidality
Applying machine learning on health record data from general practitioners to predict suicidality
Overview Suicidal behaviour is difficult to detect in the general practice. Machine learning (ML) algorithms using routinely collected data might support General Practitioners (GPs) in the detection of suicidal behaviour. In this paper, we applied machine learning techniques to support GPs recognizing suicidal behaviour in primary care patients using routinely collected general practice data. Machine learning was applied to predict suicidal behaviour using general practice data. Our results showed that these techniques can be used as a complementary step in the identification and stratification of patients at risk of suicidal behaviour. The results are encouraging and provide a first step to use automated screening directly in clinical practice. Additional data from different social domains, such as employment and education, might improve accuracy.
Authors Kasper van Mens, Elke Elzinga, Mark Nielen, Joran Lokkerbol, Rune Poortvliet, Gé Donker, Marianne Heins, Joke Korevaarc, Michel Dückers, Claire Aussems, Marco Helbich, Bea Tiemens, Renske Gilissen, Aartjan Beekman, Derek de Beurs
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Oral Health Behaviour and Predictors of Oral Health Behaviour Among Patients with Diabetes in the Republic of Mauritius | Oral Health Behaviour and Predictors of Oral Health Behaviour Among Patients with Diabetes in the Republic of Mauritius
Oral Health Behaviour and Predictors of Oral Health Behaviour Among Patients with Diabetes in the Republic of Mauritius
Overview The purpose of this study is to investigate the oral care habits and assess the determinants of oral care behaviour among people with diabetes. The present study draws on data collected from 589 dentate persons with diabetes by means of a close-ended questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the association of different demographic and clinical factors with recommended dental hygiene practices. The results showed that most of the participants brushed at least twice daily (84.2%), never flossed (88.6%), attended dental clinics on need only (87.1%), and did not monitor their blood glucose levels regularly (69.9%). Neither awareness about the increased risk of periodontal disease and xerostomia nor receiving advice from diabetes care providers was found to be associated with good oral hygiene or increased service utilisation. The experience of oral diseases did not encourage recommended oral health practice, with participants without experience with periodontal disease being 3 times more likely to floss In conclusion it was found that there is widespread noncompliance with regular flossing and dental service utilisation. The findings highlight the need for an emphasis on preventive care through the provision of integrated medical and dental interventions to high-risk individuals suffering from both diabetes and chronic periodontitis
Authors Nesha Paurobally, Estie Kruger, Marc Tennant
Journal International Dental Journal
| 3 | | R385.00 | |
| | Tissue Stiffness is Not Related to Pain Experience: An Individually Controlled Study in Patients with Chronic Neck and Back Pain | Tissue Stiffness is Not Related to Pain Experience: An Individually Controlled Study in Patients with Chronic Neck and Back Pain
Tissue Stiffness is Not Related to Pain Experience: An Individually Controlled Study in Patients with Chronic Neck and Back Pain
Overview Massage therapies such as cupping are often applied in patients with chronic neck and back pain with the assumption that they can reduce increased tissue stiffness and, therefore, improve pain. The aim of this study was to clarify whether tissue stiffness is related to pain experience in patients with chronic (>3 months) back and neck pain and whether it can be altered by a cupping massage.
The stiffness of the point of subjectively felt maximum pain intensity of 40 patients with neck (n = 20) or lower back pain (n = 20) was measured by a myometer. Exact contralateral side served as an individual control. Side of higher stiffness was then treated with a cupping massage. 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes as well as 24 hours after treatment, tissue stiffness was measured again. Patients rated their pain on a standardized pain questionnaire (neck pain disability score (NDI) or Oswestry disability index (ODI), respectively) before and 24 hours after treatment. Results. Compared to the contralateral control side, the more painful side did not exhibit an increased stiffness of myofascial tissue before treatment (p = 0.827). The tissue stiffness and the side difference between treated and nontreated control sides decreased significantly after cupping but returned to baseline after 24 hours. NDI and ODI scores significantly decreased 24 hours after cupping
It was found that tissue stiffness might not be related to pain experience in patients with chronic neck and lower back pain.
Authors Ann-Kathrin Lederer, Christian Maly, Tomas Weinert, and Roman Huber Journal Hindawi Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Is there an association between oral health and severity of COVID-19 complications? | Is there an association between oral health and severity of COVID-19 complications?
Is there an association between oral health and severity of COVID-19 complications?
Overview The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in late 2019 and has quickly developed into a global pandemic. Age is one of the highest risk factors for developing severe symptoms of COVID-19, the disease caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. Thus, individuals over the age of 65 and those living in long-term care facilities are especially vulnerable to morbidity and mortality due to infection with SARS-CoV-2. However, persons with chronic lung disease, moderate to severe asthma, severe obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and liver disease are also at high risk for severe COVID-symptoms.
Most patients with severe complications from COVID-19 have underlying conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. In parallel, there is growing evidence for a link between periodontitis and non-oral systemic diseases. The oral cavity is also a reservoir for respiratory pathogens, and patients with periodontal disease are more likely to develop hospital-acquired pneumonia than healthy individuals. This study therefore hypothesizes that improving oral health could decrease the severity of COVID-19 symptoms and reduce the associated morbidity.
Authors Nathalie Botros, Parvati Iyer, David M. Ojcius
Journal Biomedical Journal | 3 | | R375.00 | |
| | Impact of the Brush Day & Night Programme on Well-Being, Plaque, and Dental Caries in Children | Impact of the Brush Day & Night Programme on Well-Being, Plaque, and Dental Caries in Children
Impact of the Brush Day & Night Programme on Well-Being, Plaque, and Dental Caries in Children
Overview Poor oral hygiene can have an adverse effect on quality of life. School-based interventions can establish positive behaviours that reduce the likelihood of dental caries later in life. The Brush Day & Night programme aims to encourage good oral health behaviour and improve oral health and quality-of-life outcomes. In this article, it is reported that the effect of the programme on well-being and oral hygiene measured by plaque levels at 3, 8, and 24 weeks and dental caries at 24 weeks after programme start date. This was a superiority cluster randomised trial of children 6-12 years of age from Indonesia. All children were provided with toothpaste and a toothbrush. Children in the intervention group received the 21-day Brush Day & Night programme, whereas those in the control group did not. Children completed a questionnaire addressing the objectives at all time points. Their oral hygiene was assessed using the Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S). Additionally, at baseline and 24 weeks their caries status was recorded using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index. The result was that in Indonesia, after participation in the programme children demonstrated a 45% increased probability of no worsening in the occurrence of decayed, missing, or filled teeth. In Nigeria, children had a 71% higher probability of having confidence in their smile and the proportion of children with good oral hygiene doubled from 40% to 80% at 24 weeks. It was concluded that the Brush Day & Night programme was successful in improving well-being and oral hygiene in children in Nigeria and reduced the likelihood of worsening in the occurrence of decayed, missing, or filled teeth in children in Indonesia Authors Paulo Melo, Charlotte Fine, Sinead Malone, Sean Taylor Journal International Dental Journal | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Differences in Nonspecific Low Back Pain Between Young Adult Females with and without Lumbar Scoliosis | Differences in Nonspecific Low Back Pain Between Young Adult Females with and without Lumbar Scoliosis
Differences in Nonspecific Low Back Pain Between Young Adult Females with and without Lumbar Scoliosis
Overview There is no consensus as to whether NSLBP in scoliosis patients is related to scoliosis per se or is just a normal symptom that could happen in anyone. The aim of this study was to compare the differences in NSLBP between young adult female patients with and without lumbar scoliosis and to provide a theoretical basis for differential treatment of NSLBP in patients with and without lumbar scoliosis.
Ninety female young adults with NSLBP were divided into scoliosis and non-scoliosis groups. Characteristics of pain, lumbar mobility, muscle strength, Cobb angle, axial trunk rotation (ATR) angle, and surface electromyography (SEMG) signal were compared between the two groups. After the various results, it was concluded that the characteristics of NSLBP experienced by patients with lumbar scoliosis were distinct from those of NSLBP experienced by non-scoliotic patients. The treatment of NSLBP in scoliotic patients should be different from that in non-scoliotic patients.
Authors WangshuYuan1 JianxiongShen2 LixiaChen1 HaiWang2 Keyi Yu2 HuiCong1 Jingya Zhou3 and Youxi Lin2
Journal Hindawi Pain Research and Management
| 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | Comparison of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation versus Recognized Back-Strengthening Exercise Training on Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Study | Comparison of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation versus Recognized Back-Strengthening Exercise Training on Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Study
Comparison of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation versus Recognized Back-Strengthening Exercise Training on Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Study
Overview Due to changing living and working conditions the incidence of nonspecific low back pain (LBP) is increasing continuously worldwide. Low back pain (LBP) affects almost everyone at least once in their lifetime. Various meta-analyses show promising effects on pain reduction for conventional exercise. However, the lack of time and, especially for pain patients, a fear of movement (“kinesiophobia”) as well as functional limitations often oppose participation in such activities. The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to compare WB-EMS with a recognized back-strengthening exercise protocol to determine the corresponding effects on chronic, nonspecific LBP in people suffering from this.
This randomized, controlled multicenter study is focused on novel and time-effective training technologies and LBP. In this contribution, the focus is primarily on the comparison of WB-EMS against a comparable conventional exercise training (CT). Two groups were chosen to complete a12-week program (WB-EMS: 1 × 20 min/week vs. CT: 1 × 45 min/week) specifically dedicated to LBP. The selection of the content of the active control group was based on the principles of WB-EMS training, which uses electrical stimulation to train mainly strength and stabilization in a very short time. Exercises were similar in all groups, with the focus on strengthening and stabilizing the trunk. Outcome measures were assessed by a four-week pain diary (before and during the last four weeks of intervention) as well as an isometric maximum strength measurement of the trunk muscles at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention.
In summary, both, WB-EMS and conventional back-strengthening protocol are comparably effective in reducing nonspecific chronic LBP in this dedicated cohort. The result is particularly positive in terms of time effectiveness and offers an adequate alternative for people with limited time resources or other barriers to conventional training methods.
Authors WangshuYuan1 JianxiongShen2 LixiaChen1 HaiWang2 Keyi Yu2 HuiCong1 Jingya Zhou3 and Youxi Lin2
Journal Hindawi Pain Research and Management | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Comparison of Treatments for Frozen Shoulder | Comparison of Treatments for Frozen Shoulder
Comparison of Treatments for Frozen Shoulder
Overview There is a myriad of available treatment options for patients with frozen shoulder, which can be overwhelming to the treating health care professional. To assess and compare the effectiveness of available treatment options for frozen shoulder to guide musculoskeletal practitioners and inform guidelines, DATA SOURCES Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, and CINHAL were searched in February 2020. Pain and function were the primary outcomes, and external rotation range of movement (ER ROM) was the secondary outcome. Results of pairwise metanalyses were presented as mean differences (MDs) for pain and ER ROM and standardized mean differences (SMDs) for function. Length of follow-up was divided into short-term (12 weeks), mid-term (>12 weeks to 12 months), and long-term (>12 months) follow-up.
From a total of 65 eligible studies with 4097 participants that were included in the systematic review, 34 studies with 2402 participants were included in pairwise meta-analyses and 39 studies with 2736 participants in network meta-analyses. Despite several statistically significant results in pairwise meta-analyses, only the administration of intra-articular (IA) corticosteroid was associated with statistical and clinical superiority compared with other interventions in the short term for pain (vs no treatment or placebo. The findings of this study suggest that the early use of IA corticosteroid in patients with frozen shoulder of less than 1-year duration is associated with better outcomes. This treatment should be accompanied by a home exercise program to maximize the chance of recovery
Authors Dimitris Challoumas, MD; Mairiosa Biddle, MD; Michael McLean, MD; Neal L. Millar, MD, PhD
Journal JAMA Network Open. | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | A Randomized Comparative Study between High-Intensity and Low-Level Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain | A Randomized Comparative Study between High-Intensity and Low-Level Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain
A Randomized Comparative Study between High-Intensity and Low-Level Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain
Overview
Chronic nonspecific low back pain (chronic nsLBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders leading to disabilities and physical inactivity. Laser therapy was used in chronic nsLBP treatment; however, no previous studies have assessed the impacts of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) versus low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on chronic nsLBP.) This study compared the effects of HILT versus LLLT on individuals suffering from chronic nsLBP. Methods.) The study was a randomized control trial. Sixty individuals with chronic nsLBP were enrolled between May and November 2019. All participants were clinically diagnosed with chronic nsLBP.) They were assigned randomly into three groups, 20 in each group.) The first group received a program of LLLT, the second group received a program of HILT, and the third did not receive laser therapy (control group). Pain severity, disability, lumbar mobility, and quality of life were assessed before and after 12-week intervention. It was concluded that there are no different influences of LLLT versus HILT on chronic nsLBP patients. Both LLLT and HILT reduce pain and disability and improve lumbar mobility and quality of life in chronic nsLBP patients.
Authors Walid Kamal Abdelbasset, Gopal Nambi, Saud F. Alsubaie, AhmedM. Abodonya, Ayman K. Saleh, Nahla N. Ataalla, Ahmed A. Ibrahim, Sayed A. Tantawy, Dalia M. Kamel, Anju Verma and Samah A. Moawd
Journal Hindawi Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine | 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | Imagined and Actual Acupuncture Effects on Chronic Low Back Pain: A Preliminary Study | Imagined and Actual Acupuncture Effects on Chronic Low Back Pain: A Preliminary Study
Imagined and Actual Acupuncture Effects on Chronic Low Back Pain: A Preliminary Study
Overview
Research suggests that imagined experiences can produce brain responses similar to those produced by actual experiences. Shared brain responses that support both imagination and perception may underlie the functional nature of mental imagery. In a previous study, acupuncture and imagery were combined to develop a new treatment method, video-guided acupuncture imagery treatment (VGAIT). We found that VGAIT significantly increased pain thresholds in healthy subjects. The aim of this study is to extend our previous finding by investigating whether VGAIT can relieve symptoms in patients with chronic low back pain. The study showed the results of all three treatments (VGAIT, real, and sham acupuncture) significantly reduced pain severity as measured by a low back pain bothersomeness score. VGAIT produced similar effects to real acupuncture (p = 0:97) and non-significantly greater pain bothersomeness relief compared to sham acupuncture (p = 0:14). Additional analysis showed that there was no significant difference on the sensations evoked by different treatment modalities. In conclusion these findings support VGAIT as a promising method for pain management.
Authors Jin Cao, Scott P. Orr, Georgia Wilson, and Jian Kong
Journal Hindawi Neural Plasticity
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Intra-Articular versus Subacromial Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review | Intra-Articular versus Subacromial Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Intra-Articular versus Subacromial Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Overview
Adhesive capsulitis is one of the most well-known causes of pain and stiffness of the shoulder. Corticosteroid injections have been used for many years. However, it is still controversial where corticosteroid should be injected, whether subacromial or intra-articular.
The objective of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of intra-articular (IA) and subacromial (SA) corticosteroid injections for the treatment of adhesive capsulitis. The Cochrane risk of bias tool and PEDro score were used to evaluate the quality of the studies. The primary clinical outcomes including VAS, Constant score, ASES score, and ROM were collected. The secondary outcome of corticosteroid-related adverse reactions was also compared between the two groups. The results were evaluated and compared at five time points. All studies were of low risk of bias and medium-high quality with the PEDro score =5 points. It was concluded that when corticosteroid injection is used to treat adhesive capsulitis, both injection sites can be selected.
Authors Xiaoke Shang, Zhong Zhang, Xuelin Pan, Jian Li and Qi Li
Journal Hindawi Biomedical Research International | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Incidence and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain in Marathon Runners | Incidence and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain in Marathon Runners
Incidence and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain in Marathon Runners
Overview The occurrence of low back pain (LBP) in marathon runners has been poorly understood. This study aimed to describe the risk factors and identify whether these factors can cause LBP in these athletes by using a self-developed questionnaire which was randomly distributed to 850 runners of running a half or a full marathon. Participants responded with the questionnaire focusing on previous training and running conditions after their competitions. In the final models, risk factors, including warm-up activities, fatigue, running gait posture, and environmental temperature, were significantly associated with LBP in marathoners. It was concluded that although LBP was uncommon in marathoners, it was linked to the factors such as insufficient warm-up activities, fatigue, poor running gait posture, and uncomfortable environmental temperature. Although future studies may be necessary these findings could still be useful for protecting the lower back area of runners clinically. Authors Bao Wu, 1,2 Chang-Cheng Chen , 2 Juan Wang , 2 and Xue-Qiang Wang Journal Hindawi Pain Research and Management Volume 2021, Article ID 666030 | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Ischemic Stroke Part 2 | Ischemic Stroke Part 2
Overview
Ischemic stroke is characterized by the sudden loss of blood circulation to an area of the brain, resulting in a corresponding loss of neurologic function. Acute ischemic stroke is caused by thrombotic or embolic occlusion of a cerebral artery and is more common than haemorrhagic stroke.
We should consider stroke in any patient presenting with acute neurologic deficit or any alteration in level of consciousness. Although symptoms can occur alone, they are more likely to occur in combination. No historical feature distinguishes ischemic from haemorrhagic stroke, although nausea, vomiting, headache, and sudden change in level of consciousness are more common in haemorrhagic strokes. In younger patients, a history of recent trauma, coagulopathies, illicit drug use (especially cocaine), migraines, or use of oral contraceptives should be elicited.
Emergent brain imaging is essential for evaluation of acute ischemic stroke. Noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scanning is the most commonly used form of neuroimaging in the acute evaluation of patients with apparent acute stroke.
Involvement of a physician with a special interest and training in stroke is ideal. Stroke care units with specially trained nursing and allied healthcare personnel have clearly been shown to improve outcomes.
Author Sharespike
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Ischemic Stroke Part 1 | Ischemic Stroke Part 1
Overview
Ischemic stroke is characterized by the sudden loss of blood circulation to an area of the brain, resulting in a corresponding loss of neurologic function. Acute ischemic stroke is caused by thrombotic or embolic occlusion of a cerebral artery and is more common than haemorrhagic stroke.
We should consider stroke in any patient presenting with acute neurologic deficit or any alteration in level of consciousness. Although symptoms can occur alone, they are more likely to occur in combination. No historical feature distinguishes ischemic from haemorrhagic stroke, although nausea, vomiting, headache, and sudden change in level of consciousness are more common in haemorrhagic strokes. In younger patients, a history of recent trauma, coagulopathies, illicit drug use (especially cocaine), migraines, or use of oral contraceptives should be elicited.
Emergent brain imaging is essential for evaluation of acute ischemic stroke. Noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scanning is the most commonly used form of neuroimaging in the acute evaluation of patients with apparent acute stroke.
Involvement of a physician with a special interest and training in stroke is ideal. Stroke care units with specially trained nursing and allied healthcare personnel have clearly been shown to improve outcomes.
Author Sharespike
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | The fathers of Destiny: Representations of fatherhood in a popular South African magazine | The fathers of Destiny: Representations of fatherhood in a popular South African magazine
The fathers of Destiny: Representations of fatherhood in a popular South African magazine
Overview: This study utilised textual analysis to characterise the representation of fatherhood in the eight issues of Destiny Man magazine published in 2014 Stories that pertained to fatherhood and that were related to aspects of contemporary family construction, work, and identity formation were included for detailed text analysis.
The authors findings suggest that fatherhood is defined by access to wealth and is inextricably linked to features of modern-day neoliberal capitalism with its bias towards wealth accumulation and economic standards of identity. Additionally, matters such as race and origin seem to be the primary classification criteria when it comes to self-identification as a father figure.
From these data, it was concluded that the notion of fatherhood is fluid; it changes continuously depending on the social class position of the incumbent male.
Authors: Bandile Leopeng & Malose Langa
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Vertigo, DIzziness and Imbalance | Vertigo, DIzziness and Imbalance
Vertigo, DIzziness and Imbalance
Overview
Dizziness and vertigo are among the most common symptoms causing patients to visit a physician (as common as back pain and headaches). Falling can be a direct consequence of dizziness in this population, and the risk is compounded in elderly persons with other neurologic deficits and chronic medical problems.
Mild hearing loss is the most common disability worldwide. The incidence of hearing loss is 25% in people younger than 25 years, and it reaches 40% in persons older than 40 years. About 25% of the population report tinnitus.
Primary care physicians evaluate most cases of dizziness and related symptoms. Their role and that of neurologists in this setting has increased over the past decade. This article outlines the clinical approach to dizziness with emphasis on differentiating peripheral from central dizziness and on office management of the most common diseases. It also addresses indications for referral to an otolaryngologist or neuro-otologist and for specialized auditory and vestibular testing.
To diagnose dizziness, physicians must use the essential tools of history, clinical examination, and follow-up. The etiology in most of these patients mainly involves a vestibular disorder, such as BPPV, Ménière disease, or bilateral vestibular hypofunction. Appropriate management and follow-up are necessary to improve the well-being of these patients.
Authors
Sharespike
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Ventricular Tachycardia Part 2 | Ventricular Tachycardia Part 2
Ventricular Tachycardia Part 2
Overview
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) is responsible for most of the sudden cardiac deaths in the United States, at an estimated rate of approximately 300,000 deaths per year. VT refers to any rhythm faster than 100 (or 120) beats/min, with three or more irregular beats in a row, arising distal to the bundle of His. The rhythm may arise from the working ventricular myocardium, the distal conduction system, or both.
Symptoms of VT are often a function of the associated heart rate, or the causal process, such as an acute myocardial infarction (MI). They may include the following bulleted items. VT may also be asymptomatic, or the symptoms may be those of the associated triggered therapy (eg, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator [ICD] shock).
Clinically, VT may be reflected in symptoms such as syncope, palpitations, and dyspnea. It is often, but not always, associated with hemodynamic compromise, particularly if the left ventricle is impaired or the heart rate is especially fast. With some exceptions, VT is associated with increased risk of sudden death.
Author Sharespike
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Ventricular Tachycardia Part 1 | Ventricular Tachycardia Part 1
Ventricular Tachycardia Part 1
Overview
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) is responsible for most of the sudden cardiac deaths in the United States, at an estimated rate of approximately 300,000 deaths per year. VT refers to any rhythm faster than 100 (or 120) beats/min, with three or more irregular beats in a row, arising distal to the bundle of His. The rhythm may arise from the working ventricular myocardium, the distal conduction system, or both.
Symptoms of VT are often a function of the associated heart rate, or the causal process, such as an acute myocardial infarction (MI). They may include the following bulleted items. VT may also be asymptomatic, or the symptoms may be those of the associated triggered therapy (eg, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator [ICD] shock).
Clinically, VT may be reflected in symptoms such as syncope, palpitations, and dyspnea. It is often, but not always, associated with hemodynamic compromise, particularly if the left ventricle is impaired or the heart rate is especially fast. With some exceptions, VT is associated with increased risk of sudden death.
Author Sharespike
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | The Effects of a Recollection-Based Occupational Therapy Program of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial | The Effects of a Recollection-Based Occupational Therapy Program of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
The Effects of a Recollection-Based Occupational Therapy Program of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Overview:
Considering the high socio-economic costs related to the increasing number of dementia patients and their poor quality of life and that of their families, it is important to identify the condition early on and provide an appropriate intervention. This study organized a recollection-based occupational therapy program: a nonpharmacological intervention consisting of five categories of activities (physical, horticultural, musical, art, and instrumental activity of daily living; IADL) and applied it to those having a mild stage of Alzheimer’s disease. The experimental group participated in a total of 24 sessions––five times per week for one hour per session––while the control group took part in regular activities offered by the existing facilities. The experimental group presented improved cognitive functions, reduced depression, and enhanced quality of life; the two groups showed a statistically significant difference in every category. This study is meaningful in that it made a cognitive stimulation program concerning five different categories, implemented it for people suffering mild dementia, and confirmed positive outcomes. If a systemic version of the program is offered in dementia care facilities, it is expected to make a considerable contribution to the care of dementia patients.
Acknowledgements: Authors: DeokJu Kim
Journal: Occupational Therapy International | 3 | | R435.00 | |
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