 | | Pros and Cons of CADCAM Technology for Infection Prevention in Dental Settings during COVID-19 Outbreak | Pros and Cons of CADCAM Technology for Infection Prevention in Dental Settings during COVID-19 Outbreak
Pros and Cons of CADCAM Technology for Infection Prevention in Dental Settings during COVID-19 Outbreak
Overview
The purpose of this commentary is to update the evidence reported in our previous review on the advantages and limitations of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technology in the promotion of dental business, as well as to guarantee patient and occupational safety. The COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented focus on infection prevention; however, waves of COVID-19 follow one another, asymptomatic cases are nearly impossible to identify by triage in a dental setting, and the effectiveness of long-lasting immune protection through vaccination remains largely unknown.
Different national laws and international guidelines (mainly USA-CDC, ECDC) have often brought about dissimilar awareness and operational choices, and in general, there has been very limited attention to this technology. Here, we discuss its advantages and limitations in light of: (a) presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the oral cavity, saliva, and dental biofilm and activation of dormant microbial infections; (b) the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 transmission by aerosol and fomite contamination; (c) the detection of various oral manifestations of COVID-19; (d) specific information for the reprocessing of the scanner tip and the ward from the manufacturers.
Journal Sensors
| 3 | | R455.00 |  |
| | Effects of Resistance Training as a Behavioural Preventive Measure on Musculoskeletal Complaints, Maximum Strength and Ergonomic Risk in Dentists and Dental Assistants | Effects of Resistance Training as a Behavioural Preventive Measure on Musculoskeletal Complaints, Maximum Strength and Ergonomic Risk in Dentists and Dental Assistants
Effects of Resistance Training as a Behavioural Preventive Measure on Musculoskeletal Complaints, Maximum Strength and Ergonomic Risk in Dentists and Dental Assistants
Overview
For dental professionals, musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are common health hazards and resistance training programmes have been promising approaches in the quest for a reduction in the pain intensity of these professionals. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of a trunk-oriented 10-week resistance training programme. In total, the study was conducted with 17 dentists and dental assistants. The results were that there was a significant reduction in pain intensity was found for each queried body region: the neck, upper back, lower back and the right and left shoulders. The maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) improved significantly in all outcome measures: flexion, extension, right and left lateral flexion and right and left rotation.
It was concluded that a 10-week resistance training programme for dentists and dental assistants had significant effects on pain intensity reduction and the MVIC of the musculature of the trunk and is, therefore, suitable as a behavioural preventive measure against MSD in dental professionals.
Journa
Sensors
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Relationship between dental experiences, oral hygiene education and self-reported oral hygiene behaviour | Relationship between dental experiences, oral hygiene education and self-reported oral hygiene behaviour
Relationship between dental experiences, oral hygiene education and self-reported oral hygiene behaviour
Overview
Many preventive approaches in dentistry aim to improve oral health through behavioural instruction or intervention concerning oral health behaviour. However, it is still unknown which factors have the highest impact on oral health behaviours, such as toothbrushing or regular dental check-ups.
Various external and internal individual factors such as education, experience with dentists or influence by parents could be relevant. Therefore, the present observational study investigated the influence of these factors on self-reported oral heath behaviour. Dental anxiety and current negative dental experiences reduced participants’ dental self-efficacy perceptions as well as the self-inspection of one’s teeth. While parental care positively influenced the attitude towards one’s teeth, dental self-efficacy perceptions significantly correlated with attitude towards oral hygiene, self-inspection of one’s teeth and parental care.
Dental anxiety, dental experiences, parents’ care for their children’s oral hygiene and dental self-efficacy perceptions influence the attitude towards oral hygiene and one’s own oral cavity as well as the autonomous control of one’s own dental health.
Journal
PLoS ONE
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Blood and saliva contamination on protective eyewear during dental treatment | Blood and saliva contamination on protective eyewear during dental treatment
Blood and saliva contamination on protective eyewear during dental treatment
Overview Dental treatments are inherently associated with the appearance of potentially infective aerosols, blood and saliva splashes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the quantitative contamination of protective eyewear during different dental treatments and the efficacy of the subsequent disinfection. Fifty-three standardized protective eyewear shields worn by students, dentists and dental assistants during different aerosol-producing dental treatment modalities (supragingival cleaning, subgingival periodontal instrumentation, trepanation and root canal treatment and carious cavity preparation; within all treatments, dental evacuation systems were used) were analysed, using common forensic techniques.
For detection of blood contamination, luminol solution was applied onto the surface of safety shields. A special forensic test paper was used to visualize saliva contamination. Further analysis was conducted after standardized disinfection using the same techniques. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Markers, Pathways and Current Evidence for Periodontitis-associated Insulin Resistance: A Narrative Review | Markers, Pathways and Current Evidence for Periodontitis-associated Insulin Resistance: A Narrative Review
Markers, Pathways and Current Evidence for Periodontitis-associated Insulin Resistance: A Narrative Review
Overview The aim of the present paper is to provide a narrative review of the markers and pathways of periodontitis-associated insulin resistance (IR). Research papers published in peer reviewed scientific journals from 2000 to 2021 were searched systematically in Online Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and MedLine/PubMed database. The medical subject headings (MeSH) terms used for literature search were “diabetes AND periodontal disease,” “diabetes AND periodontitis,” “inflammation AND insulin resistance,” “Insulin resistance AND periodontal disease,” and “insulin resistance AND periodontitis.” Manual search for applicable work in review article peer-reviewed print journals, and latest editions of standard textbooks of pharmacology and pathology were searched for updated additional information.
Seven out of 13 systematic reviews and a total of 18 randomized clinical trials to evaluate periodontitis-induced IR were short-listed to update current evidence. The current literature in the past two decades has evaluated the effect of periodontal therapy on various type-2 diabetes (T2D) biomarkers following periodontal therapy. These indicators of periodontal disease activity and surrogate biomarkers of T2D in periodontitis may be an important diagnostic tool for the early prediction of complications due to IR. This increased systemic burden of proinflammatory cytokines by periodontitis can be reduced by periodontal therapy, thus improving the patient’s overall systemic condition.
Journal Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Microbiota of Dental Abscess and their Susceptibility to Empirical Antibiotic Therapy | Microbiota of Dental Abscess and their Susceptibility to Empirical Antibiotic Therapy
Microbiota of Dental Abscess and their Susceptibility to Empirical Antibiotic Therapy
Overview Resistant pathogens to purulent odontogenic infections have evolved due to misuse of antibiotics. Hence, it is important to use a suitable antibacterial agent. This study aimed to identify the common bacterial species causing odontogenic infections and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility profile to amoxicillin, amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, azithromycin, and linezolid. This was an in vitro cross-sectional study.
After extensive testing it was concluded that culture-guided antibiotic prescriptions are necessary to prevent the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Efficacy of Bioceramic and Calcium Hydroxide-Based Root Canal Sealers against Pathogenic Endodontic Biofilms: An In vitro Study | Efficacy of Bioceramic and Calcium Hydroxide-Based Root Canal Sealers against Pathogenic Endodontic Biofilms: An In vitro Study
Efficacy of Bioceramic and Calcium Hydroxide-Based Root Canal Sealers against Pathogenic Endodontic Biofilms: An In vitro Study
Overview
Complete eradication of root canal pathogens cannot be predictably achieved by chemo mechanical preparation and root canal disinfection. Therefore, an obturation material that has superior antimicrobial activity and sealing ability is required to inactivate residual microbes and prevent them from re-entering the root canal system. Recently developed bio ceramic root canal sealers are hydraulic cement which form calcium hydroxide during the hydration process. Like calcium hydroxide sealers, they exert an antimicrobial effect by releasing hydroxyl ions and increasing the pH.
The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial activity of a calcium hydroxide-based sealer and two bio ceramic sealers against Porphyromonas gingivalis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans biofilms. The sealers were dissolved in sterile saline to obtain supernatants. Biofilm formation assays, colony counting, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of each supernatant. The data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance.
| 3 | | R455.00 | |
| | Comparative Evaluation of Penetrative and Adaptive Properties of Unfilled and Filled Resin-Based Sealants When Placed using Conventional acid Etching, Lasing | Comparative Evaluation of Penetrative and Adaptive Properties of Unfilled and Filled Resin-Based Sealants When Placed using Conventional acid Etching, Lasing
Comparative Evaluation of Penetrative and Adaptive Properties of Unfilled and Filled Resin-Based Sealants When Placed using Conventional acid Etching, Lasing
Comparative Evaluation of Penetrative and Adaptive Properties of Unfilled and Filled Resin-Based Sealants When Placed using Conventional acid Etching, Lasing, and Fissurotomy Bur Technique of Enamel Preparation: An in vitro Scanning Electron Microscope Study
Overview
There is a confusion regarding selection of unfilled or filled sealant and method of enamel preparation before sealant application. This study was carried out to compare three techniques of enamel preparation using both unfilled and filled type of sealants. The objective of the study is to assess the penetrative and adaptive ability of filled and unfilled sealants in three techniques of enamel fissure preparations.
Total 36 extracted teeth were divided into 3 groups, each containing 12 samples. The samples of Group A were prepared by conventional acid etching with 37% phosphoric acid, and the Group B was subjected to Er: YAG lasing, while in Group C, fissurotomy followed by acid etching was done. The sealant placement was carried out using split tooth design in all the samples. Assessment of penetration and adaptation was done under scanning electron microscope using the scoring criteria adopted by Kane B et al. and Dukic W et al | 3 | | R480.00 | |
| | Accuracy of keyless vs drill-key implant systems for static computer-assisted implant surgery using two guide-hole designs compared to freehand implant placement: an in vitro study | Accuracy of keyless vs drill-key implant systems for static computer-assisted implant surgery using two guide-hole designs compared to freehand implant placement: an in vitro study
Accuracy of keyless vs drill-key implant systems for static computer-assisted implant surgery using two guide-hole designs compared to freehand implant placement: an in vitro study
Overview
This in vitro study aimed at comparing the accuracy of freehand implant placement with static computer assisted implant surgery (sCAIS), utilizing a keyless and a drill-key implant system and two guide-hole designs. A total of 108 implants were placed in 18 partially edentulous maxillary models simulating two different alveolar ridge morphologies.
3D digital deviations between pre-planned and post-operative implant positions were obtained. Guide material reduction was assessed in the keyless implant system for the manufacturer’s sleeve and sleeveless guide-hole designs.
Higher final implant positional accuracy was observed in sCAIS for the keyless implant system, with a sleeveless guide-hole design, and in healed ridges.
Sleeveless guide holes resulted in higher volumetric material reduction compared with the manufacturer’s sleeve | 3 | | R475.00 | |
| | The role of charting dental anomalies in human identification | The role of charting dental anomalies in human identification
The role of charting dental anomalies in human identification
Overview: An increase in awareness on dental hygiene among people through the years, consequently provoked a significant decrease in the occurrence of dental caries, and thus, a decrease in the number of dental restorations. This improvement of oral health affected the comparative dental analysis using dental treatments for human identification; hence, existing dental features or anomalies could act as unique identifying features. This study evaluated the awareness of dentists on charting dental anomalies by a dental charting task and addressed the importance of maintaining dental records for forensic and medico-legal purposes. The awareness of Forensic odontology among dentists was exceptional but the dental charting needs improvement. Only a few respondents submitted an Accurate or a Partially Correct answer and, as a result, an Atlas of Dental Anomalies was created to rectify this poor pattern of dental charting.
Authors: Jayapriya Jayakumar Scheila Mânica Journal: Forensic Science International: Reports
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | HIV and Aids | HIV and Aids
Overview
HIV disease is caused by infection with HIV-1 or HIV-2, which are retroviruses in the Retroviridae family, Lentivirus genus. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a blood-borne virus typically transmitted via sexual intercourse, shared intravenous drug paraphernalia, and mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), which can occur during the birth process or during breastfeeding. The patient with HIV may present with signs and symptoms of any of the stages of HIV infection. No physical findings are specific to HIV infection; the physical findings are those of the presenting infection or illness. Examples of manifestations include acute seroconversion manifests as a flulike illness, consisting of fever, malaise, generalized rash, generalized lymphadenopathy is common and may be a presenting symptom. This course covers the screening, diagnosis, medication and management of Aids.
Author: Sharespike | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | COVID-19 among dentists in the United States A 6-month longitudinal report of accumulative prevalence and incidence | COVID-19 among dentists in the United States A 6-month longitudinal report of accumulative prevalence and incidence
COVID-19 among dentists in the United States A 6-month longitudinal report of accumulative prevalence and incidence
Overview In 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Dental Association released COVID-19 infection control interim guidance for US dentists, advising the use of optimal personal protection equipment during aerosol-generating procedures. The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine the cumulative prevalence and incidence rates of COVID-19 among dentists and to assess their level of engagement in specific infection control practices. US dentists were invited to participate in a monthly web-based survey from June through November 2020. The proportion of dentists tested for COVID-19 increased over time, as did the rate of dentists performing aerosol-generating procedures. Enhanced infection prevention and control strategies in the dental practice were reported by nearly every participant monthly, and rates of personal protection equipment optimization, such as changing masks after each patient, dropped over time. US dentists continue to show a high level of adherence to enhanced infection control procedures in response to the ongoing pandemic, resulting in low rates of cumulative prevalence of COVID-19. Dentists are showing adherence to a strict protocol for enhanced infection control, which should help protect their patients, their dental team members, and themselves. COVID-19 infections among practicing dentists will likely remain low if dentists continue to adhere to guidance.
Authors Marcelo W.B. Araujo, DDS, MS, PhD; Cameron G. Estrich, MPH, PhD; Matthew Mikkelsen, MA; Rachel Morrissey, MPA; Brittany Harrison, MA; Maria L. Geisinger, DDS, MS; Effie Ioannidou, DDS, MDS; Marko Vujicic Journal JADA
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Oral Health and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Unique Collaboration between Dentistry and Occupational Therapy | Oral Health and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Unique Collaboration between Dentistry and Occupational Therapy
Oral Health and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Unique Collaboration between Dentistry and Occupational Therapy
Overview Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are at risk for oral health disparities. With the dramatic rise in ASD prevalence to 1 in 54 children, it is likely that an increasing number of dental practitioners will encounter or be asked to treat children with ASD. This paper reviews explanations related to the increasing prevalence of ASD, provides reasons why children with ASD are at increased risk for poor oral health, and discusses unique interprofessional collaborations between dental practitioners and occupational therapists. Occupational therapists and dentists can work together to plan modifications to the dental environment or adapt dental protocols to reduce some of the barriers encountered by those with ASD, provide desensitization strategies before the clinic visit, or help a child with emotional regulation during clinical treatments.
Authors Dominique H. Como,Leah I. Stein Duker, José C. Polido and Sharon A. Cermak Journal Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | SOPEZ: Study for the optimization of ergonomics in the dental practice - musculoskeletal disorders in dentists and dental assistants: a study protocol | SOPEZ: Study for the optimization of ergonomics in the dental practice - musculoskeletal disorders in dentists and dental assistants: a study protocol
SOPEZ: Study for the optimization of ergonomics in the dental practice - musculoskeletal disorders in dentists and dental assistants: a study protocol
Overview: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are common among dental professionals. The most common areas affected are the trunk, neck, shoulders and wrists. Current evidence suggests that the causes of MSD can be found in the physical demands of the profession. Posture and movement during treatment is influenced by the arrangement of the treatment concept (patient chair, equipment and cabinets). It has not been investigated whether the ergonomic risk differs between the treatment concepts. For the first time, objective and differentiated comparisons between the four treatment concepts are possible for different fields of dental specialization. Up to now, statically held positions of the trunk and proximal upper extremities, but also the repetitive movements of the hands have been considered a risk for MSD. Since both are included in the RULA, dental activities can be assessed in a detailed but also global manner with regard to ergonomic risks.
Authors: Ohlendorf et al. Journal: Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Dentist Job Satisfaction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | Dentist Job Satisfaction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Dentist Job Satisfaction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Overview Because of the heterogeneous nature of the evidence regarding dentists’ job satisfaction, an overview was necessary to examine dentists’ level of job satisfaction and to determine related work environmental factors. Nine studies were included from the 1987 initially retrieved. Among the included studies, 5 exhibited a neutral level of satisfaction and originated from China, South Korea, Egypt, and the United States, and 3 studies from Canada, Lithuania, and the United States showed a high level of satisfaction. Only 1 study did not report the mean job satisfaction score. According to bias evaluation, 9 studies were considered low risk. The findings showed that dentists were satisfied with their jobs at a moderate to high level, and specialists were more satisfied than general dentists. Regarding work environmental factors, the 6 most satisfied factors were patient relationships, respect, delivery of care, staff, professional relationship, and professional environment. Five of the least satisfied factors were personal time, stress, income, practice management, and professional time.
Authors Van Nhat Thang Le, Minh-Huy Dang, Jae-Gon Kim, Yeon-Mi Yang, Dae-Woo Lee
Journal: International Dental Journal | 3 | | R390.00 | |
| | The role of the dentist in the diagnosis and management of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea | The role of the dentist in the diagnosis and management of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
The role of the dentist in the diagnosis and management of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
Overview The objective of this article is to review the role of the dentist in the early diagnosis of pediatric obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and to provide an in-depth review of the best evidence-based practices available to treat and/or to refer these patients for intervention. A narrative review was performed using indexed data bases (PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, OVID, Scopus and Cochrane) up to year 2020, and approximately 1000 articles were reviewed. The articles included were those with the best information provided. Detailed review of the literature suggests that the role of the dentist has been redefined owing to their expertise in the orofacial region. Every patient consulting a dental practice is not merely a dental patient; he/she also requires a comprehensive medical review. The role of the dentist is pivotal in pediatric patients once diagnosed with OSA; as the patients grow, growth modification can be achieved, and future management will be easier. Initiating dental treatments during growth can benefit patients two-fold, saving them from malocclusion, and intervening in orofacial structural growth can help to avoid cumbersome treatments, such as CPAP and various surgeries. Proper diagnosis and management of systemic illnesses can prevent compromised quality of life, delays in treatment, morbidity and, in some cases, mortality.
Authors: Hafiz M. Moin Anwer, Hamad N. Albagieh, Mythili Kalladka, Harmeet K. Chiang, Shaima Malik , Sean W. McLaren, Junad Khan
Journal: Saudi Dental Journal
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Differences in the Knowledge and Experience of Physicians and Dentists About Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Osteoporotic Patients | Differences in the Knowledge and Experience of Physicians and Dentists About Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Osteoporotic Patients
Differences in the Knowledge and Experience of Physicians and Dentists About Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Osteoporotic Patients
Overview Prevention of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients with osteoporosis requires the cooperation of physicians and dentists. This study investigated the knowledge, experience, and behaviour related to medical and dental cooperation for MRONJ prevention in patients with osteoporosis between physicians and dentists practising in the Shiga prefecture. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the cooperation between practising physicians and dentists for preventing osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in patients with osteoporosis using 2 separate questionnaires from July 28, 2018, to February 3, 2019. The behaviour of physicians and dentists was insufficient to enable medical and dental cooperation for the prevention of MRONJ in patients with osteoporosis. The lack of cooperation between physicians and dentists during osteoporosis treatment is documented in this study.
Authors Masashi Yamori, Mitsumasa Tamura, Masaki Mikami, Toshio Mori, Masaharu Noi, Yoshisato Machida, Shinya Koshinuma, Gaku Yamamoto Journal International Dental Journal | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Knowledge and Practice Regarding Oral Cancer: A Study Among Dentists in Jakarta, Indonesia | Knowledge and Practice Regarding Oral Cancer: A Study Among Dentists in Jakarta, Indonesia
Knowledge and Practice Regarding Oral Cancer: A Study Among Dentists in Jakarta, Indonesia
Overview The aim of this study was to assess dentists' knowledge of risk factors and diagnostic procedures related to oral cancer (OC) and to determine the factors that influenced their level of knowledge. A modified version of a questionnaire that had been used to assess dentists’ knowledge regarding OC in Canada was used. A total of 816 dentists were invited to participate in the study. The total response rate was 49.2%; however, the number of dentists from 5 regions in Jakarta were equally represented. Use of tobacco or alcohol and history of previous OC were the top 3 risk factors that were answered correctly by dentists, but there was a high proportion of dentists who considered some without any evidence as risk factors. Almost half of the dentists did not know the early signs of OC and that erythroplakia and leukoplakia were associated with increased risks of developing OC. Only about 27% of dentists had a high level of knowledge of risk factors and fewer dentists demonstrated a good knowledge of diagnostic procedures. Dentists’ age group, year of graduation, and experience of continuing education significantly influenced the level of knowledge of diagnostic procedures. Dentists in Jakarta had a considerable level of knowledge of major risk factors of OC, although some gaps in their knowledge, especially in diagnostic procedures, were present. Increasing these competencies may aid in the prevention and early detection of OC. Authors: Yuniardini Septorini Wimardhani, Saman Warnakulasuriya, Indriasti Indah Wardhany, Selvia Syahzaman, Yohana Agustina, Diah Ayu Maharani Journal: International Dental Journal
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Local Anaesthesia in Dentistry: A Review | Local Anaesthesia in Dentistry: A Review
Local Anaesthesia in Dentistry: A Review
Overview: Over the past century, there is perhaps no greater contribution to the practice of clinical dentistry than the development and application of local anaesthesia. What were once considered painful procedures have now been made routine by the deposition and action of local anaesthetics. An average dentist will administer over 1,500 cartridges of dental local anaesthetic a year. As such, anyone administering this drug should be intimately familiar with what the drug does to the body, as well as what the body does to that drug.
This article will serve as a review of basic pharmacological principles of local anaesthesia, subsequent sequelae that can arise from their use, considerations when using local anaesthetics, and recent advances in the delivery of local anaesthetics.
It was concluded that this article should serve as a baseline for understanding that general dental practitioners possess for safe treatment of patients. Clinicians are encouraged to continue to expand both their didactic knowledge and practical clinical skills through advanced reading, discussion with colleagues, continuing education courses and treatment of patients.
Authors: Derek Decloux, Aviv Ouanounou Journal: International Dental Journal
| 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | General Anxiety in Dental Staff and Hemodynamic Changes over Endodontists’ Workday during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Prospective Longitudinal Study | General Anxiety in Dental Staff and Hemodynamic Changes over Endodontists’ Workday during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
General Anxiety in Dental Staff and Hemodynamic Changes over Endodontists’ Workday during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
Overview The aim of this study was to assess general anxiety levels in endodontists and dental assistants related to different conditions during the pandemic and lockdown and to evaluate hemodynamic changes in endodontists’ heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and blood oxygenation during their workday. Anxiety levels in endodontists and dental assistants were recorded weekly during the state of alarm declared because of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Hemodynamic parameters were monitored using a sphygmomanometer for HR and blood pressure and a pulse oximeter for oxygen saturation.
Measurements were taken before and after each root canal treatment as well as on arrival at the clinic and at the end of the working day. Rest data, recorded every Saturday, served as a control. Endodontists perceived higher anxiety levels of anxiety during anaesthesia inoculation and dental assistants during the dental unit’s disinfection and equipment material. There was a significant increase in the cardiovascular response in all endodontists in the clinic registrations compared with rest data. Values were higher in the strict confinement period and significant for HR when arriving at the clinic.
Levels of general anxiety were higher during the first weeks. The chief perceived factors related to anxiety in endodontists and dental assistants were the risk of contagion and protection measures. Higher HR and blood pressure levels were registered during the workday, especially when arriving at the clinic.
Authors Juan Gonzalo Olivieri, Carlota de Espana, Marc Encinas, * XavierFructuos Ruiz, Queralt Miro, Jordi Ortega-Martinez, Fernando Dur anSindreu, Journal Journal of Endodontics | 3 | | R455.00 | |
| | Occupational health practices among dental care professionals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic | Occupational health practices among dental care professionals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Occupational health practices among dental care professionals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Overview The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a substantial burden on dental care professionals. While dentistry is known as one of the most exposed and high-risk professions, dental care professionals are indeed at even greater risk. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, occupational health practices, personal protective equipment usage, and mental stressors during COVID-19 pandemic among dental care professionals. Ongoing training on infection control, occupational health practices, and PPE usage can prevent the transmission of COVID-19 among dental care professionals and the public. Lack of adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) is a burden for applying occupational health practices in dental clinics and present a risk to the public. COVID-19 may contribute to developing psychological stress and disrupt healthy work-life balance among dental professionals.
Authors: Sean Banaee, Denise M. Claiborne and Muge Akpinar-Elci
Journal Work 68 | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 infection-in dentists and supporting staff at a university dental hospital in Argentina | Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 infection-in dentists and supporting staff at a university dental hospital in Argentina
Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 infection-in dentists and supporting staff at a university dental hospital in Argentina
Overview Oral healthcare professionals are at increased risk of infection by SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19 in a population of workers who provided services during the COVID19 pandemic at a dental care and educational institution in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study including 358 workers who provided essential services during the first 180 days of the COVID-19 pandemic at the Dental Hospital at Buenos Aires University School of Dentistry (FOUBA). Following epidemiological data, these workers underwent diagnostic testing for COVID-19 (1- nasal or throat swab tests; 2- blood test for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays [ELISA]; 3- commercial rapid serology test). Three diagnostic tests were implemented. Rapid tests were performed on 290 subjects, with 255 negative results For this sample of dentists, dental assistants and nonclinical personnel, the weighted prevalence of COVID-19 was 4%. Authors Sebastian Puia, Jorge Pasart, Ariel Gualtieri, Francisco Somoza, Carolina Melo, Milton Alessandrelo, Patricio Gatti, Aldo Squassi, Pablo Alejandro Rodriguez Journal Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Exploring the Contexts, Mechanisms and Outcomes of a Dental Anxiety Service in Norway: A Realist Evaluation | Exploring the Contexts, Mechanisms and Outcomes of a Dental Anxiety Service in Norway: A Realist Evaluation
Exploring the Contexts, Mechanisms and Outcomes of a Dental Anxiety Service in Norway: A Realist Evaluation
Overview Torture, abuse and dental phobia are often precursors to developing a pathological relationship with dental care due to elevated anxiety and the risk for re-traumatisation. Consequently, this patient group tends to avoid dental services, leaving them with severe tooth decay that affects both their general and psychosocial health. Norwegian dental services have implemented a specific dental service targeting this patient group, aiming to both alleviate their dental anxiety and restore their oral health. The outcomes of this service have been positive, but for this model to be transferrable to other national contexts, it is necessary not just to understand whether the service works, but also how and why it works. Therefore, this study developed theories on how the structure of the service alleviates dental anxiety and restores patients’ oral health. Although developed specially in a Norwegian context, these theories may be applicable to other national and international contexts. First, the state-subsidised dental service affects service access and service uptake. Second, this service can be adapted and tailored to regional resources to meet the needs of the heterogenous patient group. Third, regional service teams are cohesive because of a lack of national communication and cooperative practice. Fourth, the complexity of migration processes and poor dissemination practices leads to poor recruitment of torture survivors to the service. The service follows a hybrid bottom-up, top-down approach, allowing teams to practise discretion and tailor their approach to meet individual needs.
Authors: Emilie Bryne, Sarah Catherine Patricia Duff Hean, Kjersti Berge Evensen, Vibeke Hervik Bull
Journal: BMC Health Services Research | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Dental Assistants in the Teamwork | Dental Assistants in the Teamwork
Dental Assistants in the Teamwork
Overview The aim of the study was to establish the socio-demographic and professional characteristics of the sample of dental assistants and their contributions to the efficiency of dental teamwork. An anonymous inquiry was conducted among 108 dental assistants working in dental offices in 4 Bulgarian cities. The questionnaire consisted of 18 questions about socio-demographic and professional characteristics of the sample and their opinion about obligations, positives and negatives in the workplace, and efficiency of teamwork. The methods used in the survey were sociological (poll) and statistical (alternative analysis). The socio-demographic and professional characteristics of the surveyed dental assistants were established, such as: gender and age distribution, work in active working age/pension, types of working places, location of practices, types of education and number of dentists working with over the period of their work experience. The opinion of the respondents for building a well-functioning dental team was that both the personal and professional qualities of the team members were essential. Dental assistants were convinced of the benefits of their assistance; between 79.6% and 58.3% of them believed that they had contributed for quicker and better job of the doctor and to patient’s comfort.
Authors Krassimira Yaneva-Ribagina, Cvetelina Antonova
Journal: Journal of IMAB | 3 | | R385.00 | |
| | Advantages of using toothpaste containing propolis and plant oils for gingivitis prevention and oral cavity hygiene in cleft lip/palate patients | Advantages of using toothpaste containing propolis and plant oils for gingivitis prevention and oral cavity hygiene in cleft lip/palate patients
Advantages of using toothpaste containing propolis and plant oils for gingivitis prevention and oral cavity hygiene in cleft lip/palate patients
Overview The anti-inflammatory and antibacterial action of preparations used during oral hygiene procedures is particularly important in patients with oral cleft. Few reports have been published assessing the influence of natural products on the state of the oral cavity in patients with oral cleft. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of toothpaste containing Polish propolis and plant oils on oral cavity health in patients with oral cleft treated orthodontically. A total of 50 patients aged 9–16 years old (20 females, 23 males) were selected and randomly assigned into two groups. Group (A) received toothpaste with Polish propolis, tea tree oil, menthol, and rosemary oil. Group (B) received toothpaste without active ingredients (placebo). A baseline assessment was followed by an oral hygiene index (OHI, debris OHI-D, and calculus OHI-C component) and gingival bleeding index (GBI) after 35 days. The methodology of the oral condition assessment included the presence of cleft malformation as a dysmorphic of the anterior maxilla segment. It was concluded that in group A, improvement in oral cavity hygiene assessed for incisors and molars was found (OHI-T p = 0.011). For the gingival condition, a decrease in the gingival bleeding index - total (GBI-T p = 0.002), as well as for the incisors (GBI-I p = 0.007) and molars (GBI-M p = 0.017) was found. This research confirms the biological effectiveness of toothpaste with Polish propolis and plant oils. These results may be clinically useful for improving preventative oral care and for control of oral infectious diseases during orthodontic treatment in patients with oral cleft.
Authors Agnieszka Machorowska-Pieniazek, Tadeusz Morawiec, Marcin Olek, Anna Mertas, David Aebisher, Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher, Grzegorz Cie´slar, Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
Journal Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy | 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | Oral Health Behaviour and Predictors of Oral Health Behaviour Among Patients with Diabetes in the Republic of Mauritius | Oral Health Behaviour and Predictors of Oral Health Behaviour Among Patients with Diabetes in the Republic of Mauritius
Oral Health Behaviour and Predictors of Oral Health Behaviour Among Patients with Diabetes in the Republic of Mauritius
Overview The purpose of this study is to investigate the oral care habits and assess the determinants of oral care behaviour among people with diabetes. The present study draws on data collected from 589 dentate persons with diabetes by means of a close-ended questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the association of different demographic and clinical factors with recommended dental hygiene practices. The results showed that most of the participants brushed at least twice daily (84.2%), never flossed (88.6%), attended dental clinics on need only (87.1%), and did not monitor their blood glucose levels regularly (69.9%). Neither awareness about the increased risk of periodontal disease and xerostomia nor receiving advice from diabetes care providers was found to be associated with good oral hygiene or increased service utilisation. The experience of oral diseases did not encourage recommended oral health practice, with participants without experience with periodontal disease being 3 times more likely to floss In conclusion it was found that there is widespread noncompliance with regular flossing and dental service utilisation. The findings highlight the need for an emphasis on preventive care through the provision of integrated medical and dental interventions to high-risk individuals suffering from both diabetes and chronic periodontitis Authors Nesha Paurobally, Estie Kruger, Marc Tennant Journal International Dental Journal
| 3 | | R385.00 | |
| | Is there an association between oral health and severity of COVID-19 complications? | Is there an association between oral health and severity of COVID-19 complications?
Is there an association between oral health and severity of COVID-19 complications?
Overview The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in late 2019 and has quickly developed into a global pandemic. Age is one of the highest risk factors for developing severe symptoms of COVID-19, the disease caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. Thus, individuals over the age of 65 and those living in long-term care facilities are especially vulnerable to morbidity and mortality due to infection with SARS-CoV-2. However, persons with chronic lung disease, moderate to severe asthma, severe obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and liver disease are also at high risk for severe COVID-symptoms.
Most patients with severe complications from COVID-19 have underlying conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. In parallel, there is growing evidence for a link between periodontitis and non-oral systemic diseases. The oral cavity is also a reservoir for respiratory pathogens, and patients with periodontal disease are more likely to develop hospital-acquired pneumonia than healthy individuals. This study therefore hypothesizes that improving oral health could decrease the severity of COVID-19 symptoms and reduce the associated morbidity.
Authors Nathalie Botros, Parvati Iyer, David M. Ojcius Journal Biomedical Journal | 3 | | R375.00 | |
| | An Interprofessional Approach to Oral Hygiene for Elderly Inpatients and the Perception of Caregivers Towards Oral Health Care | An Interprofessional Approach to Oral Hygiene for Elderly Inpatients and the Perception of Caregivers Towards Oral Health Care
An Interprofessional Approach to Oral Hygiene for Elderly Inpatients and the Perception of Caregivers Towards Oral Health Care
Overview The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of an interprofessional oral hygiene support program for elderly inpatients and the perception of caregivers of the elderly towards oral health care. Participants comprised 37 elderly inpatients requiring nursing care (17 males, 20 females) and 29 registered nurses who participated in the interprofessional oral health care support program as a caregiver (4 males, 25 females). In this program, inpatients received daily oral cleaning by registered nurses based on each patient’s oral health care plan. The number of microbes on the tongue surface of the inpatients was measured once a week for 12 weeks. Additionally, as an investigation of the perception of the caregivers towards oral health care, a questionnaire about the required frequency and duration for oral cleaning was conducted with registered nurses before and after the program to investigate the perception of the caregivers towards oral health care. The result was that significant differences were observed in the number of microbes on the tongue surface between baseline and at every measurement after the beginning of this program, except for the first week. It was concluded that implementation of the program decreased the number of microbes on the tongue surface of the elderly inpatients and improved the perception of their caregivers towards oral health care Authors Masahiro Ryu, Takayuki Ueda, Kaoru Sakurai Journal International Dental Journal
| 3 | | R380.00 | |
| | Impact of the Brush Day & Night Programme on Well-Being, Plaque, and Dental Caries in Children | Impact of the Brush Day & Night Programme on Well-Being, Plaque, and Dental Caries in Children
Impact of the Brush Day & Night Programme on Well-Being, Plaque, and Dental Caries in Children
Overview Poor oral hygiene can have an adverse effect on quality of life. School-based interventions can establish positive behaviours that reduce the likelihood of dental caries later in life. The Brush Day & Night programme aims to encourage good oral health behaviour and improve oral health and quality-of-life outcomes. In this article, it is reported that the effect of the programme on well-being and oral hygiene measured by plaque levels at 3, 8, and 24 weeks and dental caries at 24 weeks after programme start date. This was a superiority cluster randomised trial of children 6-12 years of age from Indonesia. All children were provided with toothpaste and a toothbrush. Children in the intervention group received the 21-day Brush Day & Night programme, whereas those in the control group did not. Children completed a questionnaire addressing the objectives at all time points. Their oral hygiene was assessed using the Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S). Additionally, at baseline and 24 weeks their caries status was recorded using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index. The result was that in Indonesia, after participation in the programme children demonstrated a 45% increased probability of no worsening in the occurrence of decayed, missing, or filled teeth. In Nigeria, children had a 71% higher probability of having confidence in their smile and the proportion of children with good oral hygiene doubled from 40% to 80% at 24 weeks. It was concluded that the Brush Day & Night programme was successful in improving well-being and oral hygiene in children in Nigeria and reduced the likelihood of worsening in the occurrence of decayed, missing, or filled teeth in children in Indonesia Authors Paulo Melo, Charlotte Fine, Sinead Malone, Sean Taylor Journal International Dental Journal | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19): Implications for Clinical Dental Care | Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19): Implications for Clinical Dental Care
Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19): Implications for Clinical Dental Care
Overview: The recent spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated coronavirus disease has gripped the entire international community and caused widespread public health concerns. Despite global efforts to contain the disease spread, the outbreak is still on a rise because of the community spread pattern of this infection. This is a zoonotic infection, similar to other coronavirus infections, that is believed to have originated in bats and pangolins and later transmitted to humans. Once in the human body, this coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is abundantly present in nasopharyngeal and salivary secretions of affected patients, and its spread is predominantly thought to be respiratory droplet/contact in nature. Dental professionals, including endodontists, may encounter patients with suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and will have to act diligently not only to provide care but at the same time prevent nosocomial spread of infection. Thus, the aim of this article is to provide a brief overview of the epidemiology, symptoms, and routes of transmission of this novel infection. In addition, specific recommendations for dental practice are suggested for patient screening, infection control strategies, and patient management protocol. Acknowledgement
Authors: Amber Ather, BDS, DDS, Biraj Patel, BDS, Nikita B. Ruparel, MS, DDS, PhD, Anibal Diogenes, DDS, MS, PhD, and Kenneth M. Hargreaves, DDS, PhD
Journal: JOE – Journal of Endodontics
| 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | Assessment of occupational noise-related hearing impairment among dental health personnel | Assessment of occupational noise-related hearing impairment among dental health personnel
Assessment of occupational noise-related hearing impairment among dental health personnel
Overview: The purpose of the study was to examine hearing thresholds among dental personnel. The secondary aim was to evaluate sound levels among dental equipment that dental personnel are exposed to. Two hundred forty-four dentists, dental technicians, dental assistants, and dental students participated. Sixty-two participated as a control group. Audiological thresholds for the test groups were compared to the control group. The authors reported statistically significant differences among hearing thresholds between the control group and others. The authors also reported a significant relationship between the degree of hearing impairment among dental assistants and the daily duration of exposure to dental occupational noise, followed by age. Hearing impairment was higher among dental professionals than the control group and especially among dental assistants and technicians. The authors recommended screening guidelines and adapting hearing protection methods for dental professionals and particularly for dental assistants and technicians.
Authors: Salah A. Al-Omoush, Khader J. Abdul-Baqi, Margaret Zuriekat, Firas Alsoleihat, Wijdan R. Elmanaseer, Kifah D. Jamani
Journal: J Occup Health. 2020;62:e12093.
| 3 | | R360.00 | |
| | Status of Vaccination Against Hepatitis B Among Dental Assistants of Multan | Status of Vaccination Against Hepatitis B Among Dental Assistants of Multan
Status of Vaccination Against Hepatitis B Among Dental Assistants of Multan
Overview:
Direct contact of dental health care workers (and doctors) with patients makes them prone to get infection with hepatitis B and other communicable disease. Dentists are profoundly at risk of getting infected from patient's saliva and blood. Stick Injuries with needle or other sharp instruments used during medical procedures and blood transfusion have the risk to transfer hepatitis B among the medicinal services specialists. It is important to prepare for safety measures to avoid cross infection with Hepatitis B.4 Dental assistants work closely with patients, under the guidance of a dental surgeon. It is an ethical duty of an employee to protect the patient and health care assistant from cross infection contamination.6 Immunization against Hepatitis B should be mandatory for every health care worker.
The objective of this study was to find out the status of vaccination against of Hepatitis B virus among dental assistants of Multan.
It was concluded that lack of motivation was the main reason for not receiving vaccination. Self-reported rate of hepatitis B vaccination among Dental Assistants of Multan was low. Lack of motivation was the main impediment.
Authors: Mohsin Javaid, Muhammad Jamil, Mustafa Sajid
Journal: J Pak Dent Assoc
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Dentists’ Performance in Dentin-Composite Resin Bonding Before and After Hands-On Course Learning | Dentists’ Performance in Dentin-Composite Resin Bonding Before and After Hands-On Course Learning
Dentists’ Performance in Dentin-Composite Resin Bonding Before and After Hands-On Course Learning
Overview:
The restoration longevity depends on a high dentin-composite bond quality. This study investigated learning outcomes when using etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives among general practitioners in a hands-on bonding test course.
In this study they recruited 30 general practitioners to perform shear bond strength (SBS) tests using five adhesives: one Peakâ Universal Bond (PUB) etch-and-rinse and four Futurabond DC, Single Bond universal (SBU), Versa Optibond (VOB), and Tetric-N Bond Self-Etch (TNS)self-etch adhesives. SBS tests were conducted at pre-demonstration (pre-demo), post-demonstration (post-demo), and 24-h storage (delayed bonding) stages. SBS data were analyzed with paired Student’s t-tests. We defined 17 MPa as “qualified bond strength (QBS)”. The percentages of samples with SBS achieving QBS were analyzed using Mantele Haenszel chi-square tests. The fracture surfaces of the samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
This continuing education hands-on course does help dentists to improve the bond strength especially when the self-etch system is used.
Authors: Yu-Hsin Huang, Yin-Lin Wang, Po-Yen Lin, Yu-Jung Lai, Chun-Wen Cheng, Yu-Chih Chiang
Journal: Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
| 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | Latex and synthetic rubber glove usage in UK general dental practice: changing trends | Latex and synthetic rubber glove usage in UK general dental practice: changing trends
Latex and synthetic rubber glove usage in UK general dental practice: changing trends
Overview: The aim of this study was to investigate the current frequency of use, and acceptability, of latex and non-latex containing dental gloves and dental dam in general dental practice in the UK by two different sources of data. General dental practitioners in the UK were invited to complete a questionnaire, which focused on the use of gloves and dental dam for their clinical work, while a well-known dental supplier was contacted with regards to their sales of different glove types. The purpose of which was to explore whether practitioners were making choices to avoid latex and therefore allergic reactions in the dental setting.
It was concluded that the majority of GDP's now routinely use non-latex containing gloves and dental dam in their clinical dentistry. Nitrile gloves are predominantly used. Examination gloves are used for straightforward extractions, with many practitioners also using them for minor oral surgery. Sales of latex containing gloves are continuing to decrease.
The clinical significance of this study is that the routine use of latex-containing products in UK dental practice is low and likely to reduce further, with on-going benefit for the dental practitioner, latex allergic patients and prevalence of latex allergy in the general population.
Authors: Emma Critchley, Michael.N. Pemberton Journal: Heliyon. 2020 May; 6(5): e03889. | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Dentist gender-related differences in patients’ oral health behaviour | Dentist gender-related differences in patients’ oral health behaviour
Dentist gender-related differences in patients’ oral health behaviour
Overview: This study aimed at determining whether oral health behaviour differs between patients regularly checked by male and female dentists. The analysis was based on a cross-sectional survey of 354 Japanese community residents (median age = 54 years; 145 men and 209 women) conducted in a municipality from January to February 2017. Data on demographic characteristics and factors associated with oral health behaviour were obtained through self-administered questionnaires. The association between regular dentist gender and patients’ regular dental care check-up and interdental cleaning performance was examined after adjusting for potential confounders.
Patients regularly checked by female dentists tended to have more preventive oral health behaviours than those regularly checked by male dentists. These findings suggest that dentist gender has important clinical implications for patients’ oral health behaviour.
Authors: Kenji Takeuchi, Yuki Noguchi, Yukie Nakai, Toshiyuki Ojima, and Yoshihisa Yamashita Journal: Journal of Oral Science, Vol. 62, No. 1, 32-35, 2020
| 3 | | R380.00 | |
| | The use of interdental brushes or oral irrigators as adjuvants to conventional oral hygiene associated with recurrence of periodontitis in periodontal maintenance therapy: A 6-year prospective study | The use of interdental brushes or oral irrigators as adjuvants to conventional oral hygiene associated with recurrence of periodontitis in periodontal maintenance therapy: A 6-year prospective study
The use of interdental brushes or oral irrigators as adjuvants to conventional oral hygiene associated with recurrence of periodontitis in periodontal maintenance therapy: A 6-year prospective study
Overview Prospective studies investigating the influence of adjuvants to oral hygiene procedures on the recurrence of periodontitis (RP) during periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT) programs have not been previously reported. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of oral irrigator devices or interdental brushes as adjuncts to toothbrushing associated with dental flossing to improving periodontal condition and reducing RP among individuals under PMT. From a 6-year prospective PMT cohort study (n = 268), 142 individuals who attended at least one PMT visit within 12 months were determined to be eligible. According to oral hygiene adjuvants use, they were categorized into three groups: 1) manual brushing/dental flossing + interdental brushes (BDF + Ib; n = 44); 2) manual brushing/dental flossing + oral irrigator (BDF + Oi; n = 36); and 3) only manual brushing/dental flossing (BDF; n = 62). Full-mouth periodontal examination and oral hygiene habits were evaluated at two time points: T1 (after active periodontal therapy) and T2 (6 years). Including these adjuvants to conventional oral hygiene have shown to improve biofilm control during PMT leading to a better periodontal status maintenance.
Authors Fernando Oliveira Costa, Amanda Almeida Costa, Luís Otávio Miranda Cota
Journal J Periodontol.
| 3 | | R360.00 | |
| | The effect of using a mobile application (“WhiteTeeth”) on improving oral hygiene: A randomized controlled trial | The effect of using a mobile application (“WhiteTeeth”) on improving oral hygiene: A randomized controlled trial
The effect of using a mobile application (“WhiteTeeth”) on improving oral hygiene: A randomized controlled trial
Overview: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness of the “WhiteTeeth” mobile app, a theory based mobile health (mHealth) program for promoting oral hygiene in adolescent orthodontic patients. Failure to practise good oral hygiene results in prolonged accumulation of biofilm (dental plaque), which potentially increases levels of cariogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans. These produce acids that cause enamel demineralization. As a result, many patients with fixed appliances have dental caries, specifically white-spot lesions, which can lead to aesthetic problems that potentially cancel out the beneficial effect of the orthodontic treatment. The results show that adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances can be helped to improve their oral hygiene when usual care is combined with a mobile app that provides oral health education and automatic coaching. Authors: Janneke F. M. Scheerman | Berno van Meijel | Pepijn van Empelen | Gijsbert H. W. Verrips | Cor van Loveren | Jos W. R. Twisk | Amir H. Pakpour | Matheus C. T. van den Braak | Gem J. C. Kramer
Journal: International Journal of Dental Hygiene
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Survey of pathology reports with no definitive diagnosis in oral lesions: the necessary skills for the clinicians | Survey of pathology reports with no definitive diagnosis in oral lesions: the necessary skills for the clinicians
Survey of pathology reports with no definitive diagnosis in oral lesions: the necessary skills for the clinicians
Overview Biopsy plays a crucial role in definitive diagnosis of lesions and consequently, appropriate treatment of them. Clinicians should correctly do the biopsy in accordance with the existing principles and guidelines to prevent adverse effects on the pathologist's diagnosis. The reasons for not providing definitive histopathological diagnosis of the biopsy samples in present study indicated that preparation, assessment, and diagnosis of microscopic slide by pathologists do not separate from the clinician performance.
Histopathological assessment of tissue sample obtained by biopsy technique is essential to achieve definitive diagnosis of the lesions. Biopsy is often performed prior to initiation of treatment and is the most accurate method to reach a definitive diagnosis. Histopathological features of the lesion, its differentiation from other lesions and its amount of extension can be studied by biopsy. Moreover, biopsy results can predict course of the disease and prognosis of the lesion. Oral mucosal biopsy is a simple minor surgical procedure in dentistry. However, more than a proper surgical technique is required for a precise pathological report. Adherence to the existing protocols and guidelines before, during and after taking a biopsy sample is imperative to achieve the best result and offer an accurate/definitive diagnosis. This study aimed to determine frequency and reasons for lack of definitive histopathological diagnosis.
Authors Soroush Ghoreishi , Massoumeh Zargaran , Fahimeh Baghaei Journal Heliyon
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Clinical Practice Guidelines: Pain and Procedural Sedation | Clinical Practice Guidelines: Pain and Procedural Sedation
Clinical Practice Guidelines: Pain and Procedural Sedation
Overview “The management of acute traumatic pain is a crucial component of pre-hospital care and yet the assessment and administration of analgesia is highly variable, frequently suboptimal, and often determined by consensus-based protocols” (Gausche-Hill et al., 2014). Pain management is also frequently based on the assessment of need by a provider, rather than the requirements of patients. Historically only Entonox and morphine have been available for pre-hospital pain management in the local setting with the more recent introduction of ketamine. Availability of appropriate and effective treatment options, especially for non-ALS providers, remains a challenge.
Situations requiring procedural sedation and analgesia in the pre-hospital setting are common and may range from alignment of fracture to extrication and complex disentanglement during medical rescue. Until recently South African pre-hospital providers did not have agents suitable for this purpose, particularly in the setting of severe trauma and hypotension. As ketamine has been introduced into some scopes of practice providing safe and effective dissociative procedural analgesia has become a possibility. However, the use of procedural sedation and analgesia is not without risks and, at this time, no uniform practice has been suggested in the South African pre-hospital setting. Acknowledgement Journal:
Clinical Practice Guidelines (July 2018)
Publisher:
Health Professions Council of South Africa | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) screening of hospital dental clinic surfaces | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) screening of hospital dental clinic surfaces
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) screening of hospital dental clinic surfaces
Overview
This study assessed the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains on surfaces of hospital dental clinics. Specimens were obtained from 5 clinically symptoms-free patients of five different specialties clinics (Implantology, Pediatric Dentistry, Prosthetics, Restorative Dentistry, and Oral Medicine) of the Dental Clinic Hospital of King Saud University before and after each patient. A Q-tip swabs were used from 10 surfaces in each clinic (Arm rest of dental chair, floor beneath dental chair, sink/faucet, towel dispenser, instrument table handle, light handle, X-ray viewer, paper dental records, head rest, and bench). Specimens were cultured in CHROMagar MRSA medium. Prevalence of MRSA colonization was compared between periods before and after patients visited each clinic for treatment. The results showed that the prevalence of MRSA was remarkably increased after patients visited the area. The results indicate that dental clinics should be considered as possible reservoirs of MRSA in the hospital setting.
Authors Asmaa Faden
Journal Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | An analysis of adaptations to Multi-level intervention strategies to enhance implementation of clinical practice guidelines for treating tobacco use in dental care settings | An analysis of adaptations to Multi-level intervention strategies to enhance implementation of clinical practice guidelines for treating tobacco use in dental care settings
An analysis of adaptations to Multi-level intervention strategies to enhance implementation of clinical practice guidelines for treating tobacco use in dental care settings
Overview This study conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial (DUET) that compared the effectiveness of three theory-driven, implementation strategies on dental provider adherence to tobacco dependence treatment guidelines (TDT). In this paper it was describe the process of adapting the implementation strategies to the local context of participating dental public health clinics in New York City. Through an iterative process, Stirman's modification framework was used to classify, code and analyse modifications made to the implementation strategies. It was identified examples of six of Stirman's twelve content modification categories and two of the four context modification categories. Content modifications were classified as: tailoring, tweaking or refining (49.8%), adding elements (14.1%), departing from the intervention (9.3%), loosening structure (4.4%), lengthening and extending (4.4%) and substituting elements (4.4%). Context modifications were classified as those related to personnel (7.9%) and to the format/channel (8.8%) of the intervention delivery. Common factors associated with adaptations that arose during the intervention included staff changes, time constraints, changes in leadership preferences and functional limitations of to the Electronic Dental Record. This study offers guidance on how to capture intervention adaptation in the context of a multi-level intervention aimed at implementing sustainable changes to optimize TDT in varying public health dental settings.
Authors D.R. Shelley, C. Kyriakos, A. Campo, Y. Li, D. Khalife, J. Ostrof
Journal Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Association Between Emotional Intelligence and Academic Performance Among Dental Hygiene Students | Association Between Emotional Intelligence and Academic Performance Among Dental Hygiene Students
Association Between Emotional Intelligence and Academic Performance Among Dental Hygiene Students
Overview
Emotional intelligence (EI) has been increasingly associated with the success of health care professionals, including dental professionals. Mental health, physical health, and life satisfaction all have been linked to having a high EI. The aim of this study was to determine any associations between EI scores and academic and clinical performance in a cohort of undergraduate dental hygiene students. The EI subsets of self-control, motivation, and self-confidence were found to be predictors of overall academic performance. The EI subsets of social competence, empathy, and motivation were found to be predictors of clinical performance. These results suggest that more attention to the development of emotional intelligence may lead to improved academic and clinical performance among undergraduate dental hygiene students.
Authors Brian B. Partido, Rachel Stafford
Journal Journal of Dental Education.
| 3 | | R390.00 | |
| | Oral hygiene and oral health in older people with dementia: a comprehensive review with focus on oral soft tissues | Oral hygiene and oral health in older people with dementia: a comprehensive review with focus on oral soft tissues
Oral hygiene and oral health in older people with dementia: a comprehensive review with focus on oral soft tissues
Overview The number of older people with dementia and a natural dentition is growing. Recently, a systematic review concerning the oral health of older people with dementia with the focus on diseases of oral hard tissues was published. The searches yielded 549 unique articles, of which 36 were included for critical appraisal and data extraction. The included studies suggest that older people with dementia had high scores for gingival bleeding, periodontitis, plaque, and assistance for oral care. In addition, candidiasis, stomatitis, and reduced salivary flow were frequently present in older people with dementia.
The oral health and hygiene of older people with dementia is not sufficient and could be improved with oral care education of formal and informal caregivers and regular professional dental care to people with dementia.
Authors: Suzanne Delwel, Tarik T. Binnekade, Roberto S. G. M. Perez, Cees M. P. M. Hertogh, Erik J. A. Scherder, Frank Lobbezoo Journal: Clinical Oral Investigations
| 3 | | R390.00 | |
| | Bridging the Theory-Practice Gap with Dental Hygiene Instrumentation Videos | Bridging the Theory-Practice Gap with Dental Hygiene Instrumentation Videos
Bridging the Theory-Practice Gap with Dental Hygiene Instrumentation Videos
Overview Dental educators are challenged to bridge the theory-practice gap to enhance the educational experience and meet the diverse learning needs of students. The aim of this study was to explore dental hygiene students’ perceptions of the effectiveness, appeal, and satisfaction regarding instrumentation videos as a resource to improve learning in the clinical environment.
All 152 first-year students in a U.S. baccalaureate dental hygiene program at two sites in two consecutive years were invited to participate in the study. Survey questions addressed demographics, effectiveness, appeal, and satisfaction with the instrumentation videos along with open-ended questions to explore students’ perceptions of the videos’ value and benefits. A total of 143 students completed the survey, for a response rate of 94%. Thematic analysis revealed the following themes in the open comments: helpfulness of the videos in clinical practice to clarify, reinforce, and visualize skills learned. These students reported satisfaction with the instrumentation videos, suggesting these learning aids have potential value in closing the theory-practice gap in clinical dental hygiene education.
Authors: Jessica N. August, Linda D. Boyd, Lori Giblin-Scanlon
Journal: Journal of Dental Education
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Evaluating Point-of-Care HIV Screening in Dental Hygiene Education Settings: Patient, Faculty, and Student Perspectives | Evaluating Point-of-Care HIV Screening in Dental Hygiene Education Settings: Patient, Faculty, and Student Perspectives
Evaluating Point-of-Care HIV Screening in Dental Hygiene Education Settings: Patient, Faculty, and Student Perspectives
Overview Although HIV screening is needed at a wider range of sites, dentists have shown reluctance to incorporate screening in their practices, but dental hygiene settings may be better suited for such screenings. The aim of this mixed-methods study was to determine the feasibility and acceptability of point-of-care (POC) HIV screening in dental hygiene education community settings from the patient, faculty, and student perspectives.
After training, dental hygiene students and faculty at a Canadian dental school offered POC HIV screening to patients as part of routine dental hygiene care over 36 weeks at four sites in 2015-16. Of the 199 patients offered screening, 78 agreed; no positive results were found. Of the 199 patients, 97 completed an 11-item survey (49% response rate), with 80 (82%) agreeing HIV screening was within the scope of practice of a dental professional.
Of the 57 patients who were screened, 48 (84%) agreed POC HIV screening should be part of regular dental check-ups, and 52 (91%) perceived dental settings were appropriate sites for screening. The main reasons for patients’ agreeing to screening were that it was free and convenient, and the results were delivered quickly. Those who refused screening had been tested recently or did not perceive themselves at risk for HIV. In two focus groups with 12 dental hygiene students, one focus group with five faculty members, and individual interviews with five other faculty members, participants agreed on the importance of offering POC HIV screening in the dental setting as a public health service. Faculty members thought students were well prepared and increased in confidence with testing. Students expressed a desire to offer screening throughout their careers and to educate patients about the importance of HIV testing.
Authors: Iris Feng, Mario Brondani, Kerri-Lyn Chong, Leeann Donnelly Journal: Journal of Dental Education
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Occurrence of Black Chromogenic Stains and its Association with Oral Hygiene of Patients | Occurrence of Black Chromogenic Stains and its Association with Oral Hygiene of Patients
Occurrence of Black Chromogenic Stains and its Association with Oral Hygiene of Patients
Overview The aim of the present study is to assess the oral hygiene of patients with black stains caused by chromogenic bacteria and its recurrence rate after scaling and polishing. A total of 80 patients of age 15-40 years were included in the study and divided in to two groups. Test group consist of 40 patients with black extrinsic stains and control group consists of 40 patients without any stains. Clinical parameters like Oral Hygiene Index, Plaque index. Lobenes stain index and history of scaling are recorded in the groups. The results were analysed using Chi-square test which indicated that there is a significant difference in the oral hygiene and plaque scores among patients with and without stains. The patients with stains showed a high recurrence rate within few months after thorough scaling and polishing. The findings of this study conclude that the black chromogenic stains are more prevalent in patients with good oral hygiene and good plaque control. A high rate of recurrence after scaling and polishing were also observed among the subjects.
Authors Sruthy Prathap and Prathap MS
Journal The Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Work stress and occupational burnout among Dental Staff in a Medical Centre | Work stress and occupational burnout among Dental Staff in a Medical Centre
Work stress and occupational burnout among Dental Staff in a Medical Centre
Overview Research on work stress and occupational burnout among Taiwanese dental staff is scarce. Thus, this study aimed to explore work stress and occupational burnout among dental staff in a medical center. This study is a cross-sectional survey that included the dental staff of a medical center in Taiwan. They were asked to complete self-reported questionnaires anonymously. The Questionnaire on Medical Workers' Stress (QMWS) was used to assess work stress, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey (MBI-HSS) was used to evaluate occupational burnout. In total, 108 valid questionnaires were collected, with a response rate of 79.9%. Data were analysed using independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise linear regression. It is concluded that work stress and occupational burnout were common among dental staff; this may affect patient safety and should be valued. A stress management program is recommended to promote mental health of dental staff, along with adjustment of working environment, performance evaluation, and promotion systems.
Authors Chen-Yi Lee, Ju-Hui Wu, Je-Kang Du Journal Journal of Dental Sciences
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Factors affecting patient safety culture among dental healthcare workers: A nationwide cross-sectional survey | Factors affecting patient safety culture among dental healthcare workers: A nationwide cross-sectional survey
Factors affecting patient safety culture among dental healthcare workers: A nationwide cross-sectional survey
Overview
Patient safety is a major healthcare challenge. Due to a lack of safety culture knowledge among dental professionals, our objectives were to measure the level of patient safety culture using the Safety Attitude Questionnaire in Chinese (SAQ-C) and identify factors associated with positive attitudes toward patient safety. A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted within dentistry departments of 20 hospitals and in 40 dental clinics, from which were randomly chosen. The survey (SAQ-C) comprised of 32 items and reflects five dimensions of patient safety culture. The second section collects demographic information that supposedly affects attitudes toward patient safety. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors that supposedly influenced positive attitudes toward patient safety. With a lack of research in the dental field, our study provides important information on patient safety attitudes for dental healthcare workers. Results from this study present the current status of patient safety culture and help raise awareness of it. Most notably, the study identified several factors associated with positive attitudes toward patient safety. The information can be used to improve patient safety in the future.
Authors Hsin-Chung Cheng, Amy Ming-Fang Yen, Yi-Hsuan Lee
Journal Journal of Dental Sciences | 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Ocular hazards of curing light units used in dental practice - A systematic review | Ocular hazards of curing light units used in dental practice - A systematic review
Ocular hazards of curing light units used in dental practice - A systematic review
Overview
The purpose of this article is to examine the literature and summarize studies that describe the potential ocular hazards that are posed by different systems of light curing units mainly used in the dental clinics, to ensure the safety of the operator, patient and the auxiliary staff in the dental clinic. Eight articles were included in the study after application of eligibility criteria, all of which were in accordance to the review protocol. The total wavelength dose received can cause Ocular damage which suggest that light intensity is correlated to the duration required to cause a certain level of damage, and we can substitute the long light exposure by using of a lower intensity light. This review concludes that blue light poses maximum risk to cause retinal degeneration based on the evaluated studies. Most of the studies recommend the use of protective eyewear in order to limit exposure of the patient, operator and assistant to the LCUs. It is not advisable to stare directly into the light source and the recommended safe exposure times and distances for patient, operator and assistant must be strictly adhered to in the dental practice.
Authors Raniya A. Alasiri, Hashim A. Algarni, Reem A. Alasiri
Journal The Saudi Dental Journal
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Factors Associated with Dental Fear and Anxiety in Children Aged 7 to 9 Years | Factors Associated with Dental Fear and Anxiety in Children Aged 7 to 9 Years
Factors Associated with Dental Fear and Anxiety in Children Aged 7 to 9 Years
Overview
Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is one of the major challenges in pediatric dentistry. The prevalence is estimated to approximately 9%. Using the children’s fear survey schedule dental subscale (CFSS-DS), 6.7% of a Swedish sample were assessed as being fearful DFA is a common reason for avoiding dental treatment, which over time, may result in deteriorated oral health. DFA among children has a complicated and multifactorial etiology. Several interacting factors, personal as well as environmental, contribute to the development of fear and anxiety in a dental care situation.
Psychological factors such as shyness and general fearfulness or immaturity have previously been investigated and found to be important. Cognitive ability as well as transmission of negative attitudes from parents or others are also pathways of DFA acquisition. Several studies have shown an association between parental and child DFA.
Acknowledgements
Authors Andreas Dahlander, Fernanda Soares, Margaret Grindefjord, and Göran Dahllöf
Journal Dentistry Journal Volume 7 Issue 3
Publisher PubMed
| 3 | | R460.00 | |
| | Dental anxiety in patients attending a student dental clinic | Dental anxiety in patients attending a student dental clinic
Dental anxiety in patients attending a student dental clinic
Overview
This study investigated the expectations and experiences of a sample of new patients visiting an Australian regional university Student Dental Clinic about anxiety provoking and alleviating stimuli in the clinical environment. Differences in anxiety levels were examined by age, gender and the type of procedure undergone. There was a reduction in dental anxiety from pre-treatment (M=1.92) to post-treatment (M=1.23) on the single item anxiety measure though most of the treatment being undergone by patients was for less complex procedures. Patients’ anticipatory experience of anxiety was higher than the anxiety experience after having undergone treatment at the student dental clinic. Student interpersonal skills and clinical ability as perceived by the patient can lessen dental anxiety in patients. Clinical Supervisor-student ratios need to be more equivalent in order to reduce the time length of appointments which currently are associated with increased patient anxiety levels in student dental clinics.
Authors Marie L. Caltabiano, Felicity Croker, Lauren Page, Anton Sklavos, Jade Spiteri, Louise Hanrahan and Richard Choi
Journal BMC Oral Health Volume 18 Issue 1 | 3 | | R460.00 | |
| | A Review of Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Role of the Dentist | A Review of Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Role of the Dentist
A Review of Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Role of the Dentist
Overview
Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (POSA), considered most severe in the spectrum of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), is highly prevalent and affects up to 1% to 4% of all children. Approximately 7 to 9 million children experience POSA, prompting the medical and dental communities to improve awareness for proper screening, diagnosis, and earlier treatment. According to the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD), signs of untreated POSA in school-aged children can include neurocognitive dysfunction such as aggressive behavior, symptoms that resemble attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, deteriorating school performance, bedwetting, developmental delay, and reduced quality of life. Various surgical and nonsurgical techniques are currently being used in the treatment of POSA. In this review, the etiology, epidemiology, and treatment considerations of POSA will be summarized with special emphasis on the dental provider’s role in identifying and treating POSA.
Authors: Jacy Stauffer, David M. Okuji, Guy C. Lichty, Rakesh Bhattacharjee, Fadra Whyte, Daniel Miller, Juveria Hussain
Journal: Journal of Dental Sleep Medicine Volume 5 Issue 4 2018
| 3 | | R460.00 | |
| | Connecting with Your Dentist on Facebook: Patients’ and Dentists’ Attitudes Towards Social Media Usage in Dentistry | Connecting with Your Dentist on Facebook: Patients’ and Dentists’ Attitudes Towards Social Media Usage in Dentistry
Connecting with Your Dentist on Facebook: Patients’ and Dentists’ Attitudes Towards Social Media Usage in Dentistry
Overview
Social media has begun to proliferate across medical areas and transformed how medical professionals serve and interact with their patients. It offers a new communication avenue that has the potential to engage patients and, hence, may be used to create value for both medical professionals and patients. In dentistry, even though patients and dentists frequently use social media in their personal lives, little is known about their attitudes and expectations toward using social media for professional interactions. This paper focused on the role of social media in dentistry. Specifically, patients’ and dentists’ attitudes toward social media usage and their current online behaviours in this context. Furthermore, examining potential challenges and opportunities regarding dentists’ adoption of social media practices. For both patients and dentists, the role of social media in dental services remains vague, and both parties still share concerns about connecting with each other on social media platforms. However, there also exists a sizeable number of patients who are already comfortable to connect with their dentists on social media sites such as Facebook. The current findings show that there is an opportunity for dental practices to trade upon a more active social media presence for enhanced patient interaction and engagement.
Author Nilesh Parmar, Lin Dong, Andreas Benedikt Eisingerich
Journal Journal of Medical Internet Research Volume 20 Issue 6 | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Dental anxiety, oral health-related quality of life, and general well-being: A self-determination theory perspective | Dental anxiety, oral health-related quality of life, and general well-being: A self-determination theory perspective
Dental anxiety, oral health-related quality of life, and general well-being: A self-determination theory perspective
Overview The aim of this study was to test a structural equation model (SEM) with the following hypotheses: (1) patients’ perceptions of oral health care professionals’ (i.e., dentists and dental hygienists) controlling interpersonal styles would positively predict patients’ dental anxiety through their basic psychological need frustration in treatment; (2) in turn, high dental anxiety would positively predict dysregulation of dental anxiety, which through a feedback loop contributes to perception of oral health care professionals’ controlling styles; and, (3) in addition, both dental anxiety and dysregulation of dental anxiety would predict poor Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) and subsequently poor general well-being.
A bootstrapping procedure indicated that all indirect links in the model were supported. Analysis indicated that common method variance (CMV) did not seriously distort the results in this setting. Although the majority of oral health care professionals are perceived as being noncontrolling by their patients (51%), the proportion perceived as moderately (38%) or highly (11%) controlling represent a challenge for oral health care education and practice. It would be useful for oral health care professionals to be trained in avoiding a controlling treatment style.
Authors Anne Elisabeth Münster Halvari, Hallgeir Halvari, Edward L. Deci
Journal Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pages 1 - 12
| 3 | | R416.00 | |
| | Using Registered Dental Hygienists to Promote a School-Based Approach to Dental Public Health | Using Registered Dental Hygienists to Promote a School-Based Approach to Dental Public Health
Using Registered Dental Hygienists to Promote a School-Based Approach to Dental Public Health
Overview
We examine a strategy for improving oral health in the United States by focusing on low income children in school-based settings. Vulnerable children often experience cultural, social, economic, structural, and geographic barriers when trying to access dental services in traditional dental office settings. These disparities have been discussed for more than a decade in multiple US Department of Health and Human Services publications. One solution is to revise dental practice acts to allow registered dental hygienists increased scope of services, expanded public health delivery opportunities, and decreased dentist supervision.
We provide examples of how federally qualified health centres have implemented successful school-based dental models within the parameters of two state policies that allow registered dental hygienists varying levels of dentist supervision. Changes to dental practice acts at the state level allowing registered dental hygienists to practice with limited supervision in community settings, such as schools, may provide vulnerable populations greater access to screening and preventive services. We derive our recommendations from expert opinion.
Acknowledgement
Author Melanie Simmer-Beck, Anthony Wellever and Patricia Kelly
Journal American Journal of Public Health Perspectives
Publisher Springer
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Predicting Intraoperative Pain in Emergency Endodontic Patients: Clinical Study | Predicting Intraoperative Pain in Emergency Endodontic Patients: Clinical Study
Predicting Intraoperative Pain in Emergency Endodontic Patients: Clinical Study
Overview
This prospective observational study sought to investigate the incidence of intraoperative pain (IOP) among emergency endodontic patients and to construct an IOP prediction model that includes pre-operative pain level (PPL). All patients who underwent emergency endodontic treatment at Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, during the spring term of 2016 were considered for inclusion in the study. Demographic and clinical variables and PPL were recorded. Local anesthesia was provided to all patients before beginning routine endodontic treatment. IOP was defined as the condition of requiring supplementary anesthesia before the working length was established and exhibiting persistent moderate or severe pain despite supplementary anesthesia.
Data from 85% and 15% of 435 patients (mean age: 35 years) were used to develop predictive models by multiple logistic regression analysis and to test external validity of the models, respectively. In conclusion, the incidence of IOP among emergency endodontic patients during treatment was 10.3%. Two successful predictive models based on demographic and clinical factors were constructed, one of which included PPL as a predictor.
Acknowledgement
Author Olga Yücel, Mügem Asli Ekici, Ozlem Ilk, Mustafa Necmi Ilhan and Guven Kayaoglu
Journal Braz. Oral Res. 2018; 32: e38 | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Oral health condition and occurrence of depression in the elderly | Oral health condition and occurrence of depression in the elderly
Oral health condition and occurrence of depression in the elderly
Overview
Depression is a common disorder among the elderly; however, it is not a standard element of the ageing process. Depression can affect oral health as a result of neglecting oral hygiene procedures, cariogenic nutrition, avoidance of necessary dental care which leads to an increased risk of dental caries and periodontal disease. Assessment of the relationship of oral health parameters with depression followed: 500 subjects aged =65 were involved in the study.
Dental condition (decay-missing-filled index [DMFT], number of missing teeth [MT], removable denture wearing, teeth mobility), periodontal condition (bleeding on probing [BoP], pocket depth [PD], loss of attachment), oral dryness (the Challacombe Scale) and depression according to the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale were assessed.
Depression on a minimal level was detected in 60.2% of the subjects, mild—in 22.2%, moderate—in 6.0% and moderately—in 2.6%. The results of our study have shown that among people aged 65 and over, the severity of depression increases with a higher number of MT, the number of decayed teeth, as well as prevalence of oral dryness.
Acknowledgement
Authors Katarzyna Skoskiewicz-Malinowska, Barbara Malicka, Marek Zieztek and Urszula Kaczmarek,
Journal Medicine (Baltimore)
Publisher Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. | 3 | | R430.00 | |
| | What proportion of dental care in care homes could be met by direct access to dental therapists or dental hygienists? | What proportion of dental care in care homes could be met by direct access to dental therapists or dental hygienists?
What proportion of dental care in care homes could be met by direct access to dental therapists or dental hygienists?
Overview
Many care home residents require simple dental treatment which is complicated by the need for extra time to deliver dental care. The proportion of their care which could be delivered wholly by hygienists or therapists is unknown. 2010 Welsh dental care home survey data on clinical opinion of treatment need and special care skill level required was cross referenced with General Dental Council guidance on direct access. A large proportion of need in care homes could be wholly provided by hygienists or therapists, especially those with special care experience. The potential efficiency gain of direct access arises from individuals who do not need to see a dentist for any aspects of their care. Direct access to hygienists/therapists for dental care of care home residents should be piloted and evaluated. Hygienists and therapists could make a large contribution to addressing dental treatment needs of care home residents and direct access could be an efficient model of care for this setting.
Acknowledgement
Author N. P. Monaghan and M. Z. Morgan
Journal British Dental Journal Publisher British Dental Association. | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Oral Health Status of Adult Heart Transplant Recipients in China | Oral Health Status of Adult Heart Transplant Recipients in China
Oral Health Status of Adult Heart Transplant Recipients in China
Overview
Limited information on the oral health status of adult heart transplant recipients (HTRs) is known. A prerequisite dental evaluation is usually recommended for patients’ post-organ transplantation because lifelong immune-suppression may predispose them to infection spread. The aim of this study was to investigate the oral health status of Chinese adult HTRs and determine the association between oral health status and history of heart transplantation (HT). We carried out a cross-sectional study to collect clinical, demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral data from 81 adult patients who received heart transplantation during 2014 to 2015 in China. Clinical examinations for the presence of dental plaque, dental calculus, dental caries, and periodontal health conditions were performed in a standardized manner by one trained examiner.
The prevalence of the above conditions was compared with 63 age and sex matched controls. General linear regression analysis was used to assess associations between mean number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) and mean community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) scores and history of heart transplant. Periodontal health status was positively associated with history of heart transplantation in Chinese adult HTRs.
Acknowledgement
Authors Ying Cao, Xi Chen, Yixin Jia, Yalin Lv and Zheng Sun
Journal Medicine (Baltimore) (2018 ) 97:38 (e12508)
Publisher Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Impact of malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life among schoolchildren | Impact of malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life among schoolchildren
Impact of malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life among schoolchildren
Overview
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence and impact of malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among schoolchildren aged 8 to 10 years and their parents in Diamantina, a town in the southeast of Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 390 randomly selected children who were subjected to a clinical oral examination. The Dental Aesthetic Index was used to diagnose malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment.
Data analysis involved the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman’s correlation coefficients. The variables were grouped into a hierarchy of categories ranging from distal to proximal determinants. Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was performed at each level to correlate the total CPQ (8–10) score with the independent variables. The prevalence of malocclusion was 78.7%. Crossbite remained significantly associated with a negative impact on OHRQoL. The prevalence of malocclusion was high in the sample investigated and exerted a negative impact on OHRQoL.
Acknowledgement
Author Soraia Pimenta de Araújo Guimarães, Uimarães, Kelly Oliva Jorge, Maria Jussara Fernandes Fontes, Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge, Cíntia Tereza Pimenta Araujo, Efigênia Ferreira, Camilo Aquino Melgaço and Patrícia Maria Zarzar.
Journal Braz. Oral Res. July 2018, 32: e95 | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Evaluation of the efficacy of filling material removal and re-filling after different retreatment procedures | Evaluation of the efficacy of filling material removal and re-filling after different retreatment procedures
Evaluation of the efficacy of filling material removal and re-filling after different retreatment procedures
Overview
This study analyzed the influence of different retreatment protocols on amount of remaining filling material and amount of new sealer after endodontic retreatment. Forty mandibular molars with curved mesial roots were prepared with ProTaper Universal system and filled with AH Plus sealer mixed with 0.1% rhodamine B and gutta-percha. The current study demonstrated that the sealer was able to penetrate inside the dentinal tubules after retreatment, regardless of the residual filling, leading to an overlapping of the residual sealer with the new filling.
In evaluating the new filling, the perimeter analysis showed a lesser amount of new endodontic sealer in the PTR group. Moreover, the PTR+PUI group presented a significantly greater amount of new endodontic sealer in the canal area analysis. There was no difference among groups in the isthmus analysis (p > 0.05). It can be concluded that PTR associated to PUI yielded better results in removing root canal filling material from the canal area. However, none of the protocols resulted in root walls completely free of remnants.
Acknowledgement Author Roberta Fonseca de CASTRO, Juliana do Socorro Soares MELO, Luiz Carlos de Lima DIAS JUNIOR, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal SILVA and Juliana Melo da Silva BRANDÃO
Journal Braz. Oral Res. 2018: 32e94 | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Dental and Dental Hygiene Intra-Professional Education: A Pilot Program and Assessment of Students' and Patients' Satisfaction | Dental and Dental Hygiene Intra-Professional Education: A Pilot Program and Assessment of Students' and Patients' Satisfaction
Dental and Dental Hygiene Intra-Professional Education: A Pilot Program and Assessment of Students' and Patients' Satisfaction
Overview
The aims of this study were to assess the effectiveness of a clinical intraprofessional education program for dental and dental hygiene students, based on students’ expectations and satisfaction with the program and patients’ satisfaction with the team-based care. The pilot program was developed at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Dentistry, where dental hygiene students were paired randomly with dental students scheduled for prophylaxis, scaling and root planning, or periodontal maintenance.
These results suggest that this intraprofessional practice model provided an effective educational experience for both dental and dental hygiene students and patients. The differences between the dental hygiene and dental students’ expectations will help in the design of more effective training that promotes intraprofessional and interprofessional teamwork. Inter- and intraprofessional programs in health professions education should be designed to promote a team mindset in these future health care professionals, provide them with a clearer understanding of individual roles and responsibilities, and encourage mutual respect and collaboration—all leading to safer and more efficient patient care.
Acknowledgement
Author Vickie E. Jones, Anastasios Karydis and Timothy L. Hottel
Journal of Dental Education | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | The Effects of Psychostimulants on Oral Health and Saliva in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder | The Effects of Psychostimulants on Oral Health and Saliva in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
The Effects of Psychostimulants on Oral Health and Saliva in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Overview
This study investigated the dental health problems and saliva characteristics of children under psychostimulant therapy for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The most frequently reported side effects of psychostimulants were decreased appetite, dry mouth, and increased fluid consumption. The prevalence of bruxism and dental erosion was higher in Groups 1 and 2 than in Group 3, but the differences were not significant. In Group 2, subjective dry mouth feel was reported by 32.5% of patients and 17.5% a very low SSFR.
ADHD and psychostimulant therapy do not appear to be significantly related to decreasing SSFR or protective saliva components against dental caries. However, a systematic investigation of the long-term safety of psychostimulants is needed. Bruxism and dental erosion prevalence were higher in the ADHD groups, the most effective method of maintaining dental health of children with ADHD is frequent appointments focusing on oral hygiene practices accompanied by dietary analyses. This study found that methylphenidate use had no significant effect on salivary pH, stimulated flow rate, buffering capacity, or biochemical content of the saliva.
Acknowledgement
Authors CÇ Ertugrul, Z Kirzioglu, E Aktepe and HB Savas
Journal Niger J Clin Pract
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Effect of phosphoric acid concentration used for etching on the microtensile bond strength to fluorotic teeth | Effect of phosphoric acid concentration used for etching on the microtensile bond strength to fluorotic teeth
Effect of phosphoric acid concentration used for etching on the microtensile bond strength to fluorotic teeth
Effect of phosphoric acid concentration used for etching on the microtensile bond strength to fluorotic teeth
Overview
To evaluate the effects of different etching concentrations of phosphoric acid on the microtensile bond strength of Adper Single Bond 2 to fluorotic teeth. De-identified extracted teeth were collected, including 30 sound teeth, 30 teeth with mild fluorosis, 30 teeth with moderate fluorosis, and 30 teeth with severe fluorosis. Microtensile testing was used to determine the bond strength. After the microtensile test, the fractured specimens were examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both dental fluorosis and concentrations of phosphoric acid significantly affected the microshear bond strength of Adper Single Bond 2 to dental enamel.
The maximum bond strength was achieved by using 40% phosphoric acid. Failure analysis showed that most failures occurred at the bonding interface. The rates of failures at the bonding interface decreased as the degree of fluorosis increased and as the concentration of phosphoric acid increased from 35% to 45%. The bond strength of fluorosis tooth was lower than that of healthy tooth, the bond strength increased with the increasing concentration of phosphoric acid, but an excessively high acid concentration can conversely lead to an apparent decline in bond strength.
Acknowledgement Author Mengqin Gu, Linhu Lv, Xiaoping He, Wangyang Li and Ling Guo,
Journal Medicine 2018 Volume 97 No 35 URL: https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/fulltext/2018/08310/Effect_of_phosphoric_acid_concentration_used_for.62.aspx
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Dental Hygiene Students’ Self-Assessment of Ergonomics Utilizing Photography | Dental Hygiene Students’ Self-Assessment of Ergonomics Utilizing Photography
Dental Hygiene Students’ Self-Assessment of Ergonomics Utilizing Photography
Dental Hygiene Students’ Self-Assessment of Ergonomics Utilizing Photography
Overview
Due to postural demands, dental professionals are at high risk for developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Dental clinicians’ lack of ergonomic awareness may impede the clinical application of recommendations to improve their posture. The aim of this study was to determine whether feedback involving photography and self-assessment would improve dental hygiene students’ ergonomic scores and accuracy of their ergonomic self-assessments. The study involved a ran¬domized control design and used a convenience sample of all 32 junior-year dental hygiene students enrolled in the autumn 2016 term in The Ohio State University baccalaureate dental hygiene program.
All partici¬pants’ pre-training and post-training photographs were given ergonomic scores by three raters. Students’ self-assessments in the control group and faculty evaluations of the training group showed significant improvement in scores over time. In addition, the accuracy of self-assessment significantly improved for students in the training group . In this study, dental hygiene students’ self-assessments using photographs resulted in improvements in their ergonomic scores and increased accuracy of their ergonomic self-assessments. Any improvement in ergonomic score or awareness can help reduce the risks for WMSDs, especially among dental clinicians.
Acknowledgement
Author Brian Partido
Journal Journal of Dental Education Volume 81 No 10 doi: 10.21815/jde.017.077 accepted April 2017
URL: http://www.jdentaled.org/content/jde/81/10/1194.full.pdf
| 3 | | R455.00 | |
| | Clinical wear of approximal glass ionomer restorations protected with a nanofilled self-adhesive light-cured protective coating | Clinical wear of approximal glass ionomer restorations protected with a nanofilled self-adhesive light-cured protective coating
Clinical wear of approximal glass ionomer restorations protected with a nanofilled self-adhesive light-cured protective coating
Clinical wear of approximal glass ionomer restorations protected with a nanofilled self-adhesive light-cured protective coating
Overview
High viscous glass ionomer cement (GIC) has gained popularity as a restorative material; however, high wear is pointed as one of the major drawbacks of this material. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical wear of GIC approximal restorations in primary molars protected either with a nano filled self-adhesive light-cured protective coating (NPC) or with petroleum jelly. Approximal caries lesions in primary molars from 32 schoolchildren previously enrolled in another clinical trial were included in this investigation. GIC restorations were performed according to the Atraumatic Restorative Treatment approach and protected with either petroleum jelly or a NPC.
The impressions were scanned in a 3-D appliance and the obtained images were superimposed using an appropriate computer software. Two-way ANOVA for repeated measures and Tukey’s post-hoc test were used to analyze the wear of restorations (a=5%). A significant difference was found between the two groups, with a wear protection offered by the application of a NPC. These results suggest that the application of a NPC has a protective effect on the clinical wear of approximal GIC restorations in primary teeth.
Acknowledgement
Author Daniela HESSE, Clarissa Calil BONIFÁCIO, Cornelis Johannes KLEVERLAAN & Daniela Prócida RAGGIO
Journal Journal of Applied Oral Science Volume 26 31 May 2018 URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6172019/pdf/1678-7765-jaos-26-e20180094.pdf
| 3 | | R475.00 | |
| | In vitro studies of nanosilver-doped titanium implants for oral and maxillofacial surgery. | In vitro studies of nanosilver-doped titanium implants for oral and maxillofacial surgery.
In vitro studies of nanosilver-doped titanium implants for oral and maxillofacial surgery.
In vitro studies of nanosilver-doped titanium implants for oral and maxillofacial surgery.
Overview
The addition of an antibacterial agent to dental implants may provide the opportunity to decrease the percentage of implant failures due to peri-implantitis. Titanium disks were incorporated with silver nanoparticles over different time periods by Tollens reaction. In addition, the antibacterial activity was also evaluated by using disk diffusion tests for bacteria frequently isolated from the peri-implant biofilm.
Cytotoxicity was evalu¬ated in vitro in a natural human osteoblasts cell culture. The addition of nanosilver significantly increased the surface roughness and decreased the wettability in a dose-dependent manner. These surfaces were significantly toxic to all the tested bacteria following a 48-hour exposure, regardless of silver doping duration.
Data indicated that the incorporation of nanosilver may influence the surface properties that are important in the implant healing process. The presence of nanosilver on the titanium provides an antibacterial activity related to the bacteria involved in peri-implantitis. Finally, the potential toxicological considerations of nanosilver should further be investigated, observing both the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties at similar concentration ranges.
Acknowledgement
Author: Rafal Pokrowiecki, Tomasz Zareba, Barbara Szaraniec, Krzysztof Palka, Agnieszka Mielczarek, Elzbieta Menaszek, Stefan Tyski
Journal:
International Journal of Nanomedicine Volume 12 2017
Publisher:
Dovepress www.dovepress.com/testimonials.php URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5473602/pdf/ijn-12-4285.pdf
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | A Competency Matrix for Global Oral Health | A Competency Matrix for Global Oral Health
A Competency Matrix for Global Oral Health
A Competency Matrix for Global Oral Health
Overview
To complement the Lancet report, this article makes recommendations for including core global health competencies in the education of health care professionals and specific groups of the public who are relevant to oral health in a global context in order to tackle the burden of oral diseases. Experts from various professional backgrounds developed global oral health competencies for four target groups. In this context, we recognize the critical importance of interprofessional collaboration in global health efforts,
Key competencies for members of each of the four target groups are presented in a matrix. The suggested competency matrix shows that many other health professions and groups in society have potentially crucial roles in the prevention, control, and management of oral diseases globally. Workforce models including a wider range of professionals working together as a team will be needed to tackle the burden of oral diseases in an integrated way in the broader context of non-communicable diseases. Further discussion and research should be conducted to validate or improve the competencies proposed here with regard to their relevance, appropriateness, and completeness.
Acknowledgement
Author
Habib Benzian, John S. Greenspan, Jane Barrow, Jeffrey W. Hutter, Peter M. Loomer, Nicole Stauf and Dorothy A. Perry
Journal Global Dental Education Volume 79 No 4 April 2015 URL: http://www.jdentaled.org/content/jde/79/4/353.full.pdf
| 3 | | R463.00 | |
| | Esthetic Outcomes after Immediate and Late Implant Loading for a Single Missing Tooth in the Anterior Maxilla | Esthetic Outcomes after Immediate and Late Implant Loading for a Single Missing Tooth in the Anterior Maxilla
Esthetic Outcomes after Immediate and Late Implant Loading for a Single Missing Tooth in the Anterior Maxilla
Esthetic Outcomes after Immediate and Late Implant Loading for a Single Missing Tooth in the Anterior Maxilla
Overview
This study compared the esthetic outcomes of 1-year follow-up of immediate and late implant loading after implant restoration of a single tooth in the anterior maxilla. A total of 33 patients with missing teeth in the anterior maxilla were enrolled in this study (18 immediate loading and 15 late loading). At after cementation, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months photographs were taken of anterior maxilla. The photographs were assessed using pink esthetic score (PES) which consists of seven variables. All PES data were analyzed with independent sample t-tests and repeated measures ANOVAs.
PES values increased significantly in both groups at the 1-year follow-up. There was no statistically significant difference between the immediate and late loading groups at any time point. Considering only the survival rate is not sufficient to assess the success of the anterior implants. Osseo-integration of an implant does not always result in esthetic success. Within the limitation of this study, immediate loading did not have a negative effect on esthetics.
Acknowledgement Author P Yildiz, M Zortuk, E Kiliç, M Dincel andH Albayrak Journal NJCP November 2018 IP 105.0.6.10 Publisher Wolters Kluwer - Medknow URL: http://www.njcponline.com/temp/NigerJClinPract2191164-5536579_152245.pdf
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Distraction techniques for face and smile aesthetic preventing ageing decay | Distraction techniques for face and smile aesthetic preventing ageing decay
Distraction techniques for face and smile aesthetic preventing ageing decay
Distraction techniques for face and smile aesthetic preventing ageing decay
Overview
Modern concepts in the world of beauty arise from popular models, beautiful faces of actors document a bi-protrusive asset with high tension for soft tissues. Facial symmetry has been proposed as a marker of development and stability that may be important in human mate choice. For various traits any deviation from perfect symmetry can be considered a reflection of imperfect development. Additionally, bi-protrusive profile is dependent on the hormonal level regardless of male or female sex. The goal of maxillofacial surgery is to provide best results both for aesthetic and functional aspects.
Following these new concepts of aesthetic of the face, new surgical procedure by osteo-distraction techniques will lead to a very natural result by harmonizing the face also preventing aesthetic decay in aging faces. Ten cases with a feedback on the aesthetic results using the five-point scale of Likert after orthognatic surgery performed following distraction new techniques in combination with ancillary surgical procedures. All the patients accepted the new aesthetic of the face avoiding elements of discrepancy and consequently medico-legal problems.
Acknowledgements
Authors Antonio Cortese, Roberto Barbaro, Donato Troisi, Giuseppe D‘Alessio, Maurizio Amato, Roberto Lo Giudice and Pier Paolo Claudio
Journal Open Med (Wars). 2016 Nov 19;11(1) Volume 11 Issue 1
Publisher De Gruyter Open
URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5329864/pdf/med-2016-0077.pdf
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Lipofilling as refinement procedure in maxillo-mandibular malformations. | Lipofilling as refinement procedure in maxillo-mandibular malformations.
Lipofilling as refinement procedure in maxillo-mandibular malformations.
Lipofilling as refinement procedure in maxillo-mandibular malformations.
Overview
Maxillo-mandibular asymmetry has numerous aetiologies: congenital, traumatic, iatrogenic and post-oncologic. All patients in study were affected by maxilla-mandibular asymmetry and underwent orthognathic surgery for hard tissue correction of the deformity. Residual facial alterations were then treated with lipofilling refinement procedure. Good integration of the grafted fat was observed in the recipient sites. Retrospective analysis of photographic documentation showed progressive volumetric decrease for up to approximately 6 months after surgery; after that graft volume remained relatively stable. Mild oedema and bruising were frequent during the first post-operative week. No haematomas, infections, vascular or nervous injuries were recorded. Twenty-four patients (from 45) wanted a second procedure. A second fat transfer was performed in 22 cases, and a third in 2 cases. We demonstrated that the success of lipofilling is dependent on the treated aesthetic subunits of the face. Composite procedures using orthognathic surgery and autologous fat provide the surgeon with an additional, more customisable option for patients with maxillo-mandibular malformations.
Acknowledgement
Author:
D. CERVELLI, G. GASPARINI, A. MORO, S. PELO, E. FORESTA, F. GRUSSU, G. D’AMATO, P. DE ANGELIS, G. SAPONARO.
Journal:
ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA
Publisher:
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5225791/pdf/0392-100X-36-368.pdf
| 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Dental and Orofacial Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Craniofacial Regeneration: A prosthodontist’s point of view | Dental and Orofacial Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Craniofacial Regeneration: A prosthodontist’s point of view
Dental and Orofacial Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Craniofacial Regeneration: A prosthodontist’s point of view
Dental and Orofacial Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Craniofacial Regeneration
Overview
Of the available regenerative treatment options, craniofacial tissue regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) shows promise. The ability of stem cells to produce multiple specialised cell types along with their extensive distribution in many adult tissues have made them an attractive target for applications in tissue engineering. MSCs reside in a wide spectrum of postnatal tissue types and have been successfully isolated from orofacial tissues. These dental or orofacial derived MSCs possess self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capacities.
The cell delivery vehicle has an important role in the in vivo performance of stem cells and could dictate the success of the regenerative therapy. Among the available hydrogel biomaterials for cell encapsulation, alginate-based hydrogels have shown promising results in biomedical applications. Alginate scaffolds encapsulating MSCs can provide a suitable microenvironment for cell viability and differentiation for tissue regeneration applications. This review aims to summarise current applications of dental-derived stem cell therapy and highlight the use of alginate-based hydrogels for applications in craniofacial tissue engineering.
Acknowledgement
Author
Sahar Ansari, Jackson T. Seagroves, Chider Chen, Kumar Shah,Tara Aghaloo, Benjamin M. Wu, Sompop Bencharit and Alireza Moshaverinia Journal Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry October 2017
Publisher
Department of Health & Human Sciences USA
| 3 | | R430.00 | |
| | Bone markers in craniofacial bone deformations and dysplasia | Bone markers in craniofacial bone deformations and dysplasia
Bone markers in craniofacial bone deformations and dysplasia
Bone markers in craniofacial bone deformations and dysplasia’s
Overview
Various forms of bony deformations and dysplasia’s are often present in the facial skeleton. Bone defects can be either localized or general. Quite often they are not only present in the skull but also can be found in other parts of the skeleton. In many cases the presence and levels of specific bone markers should be measured in order to fully describe their activity and presence in the skeleton. Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is the most common one in the facial skeleton; however, other bone deformations regarding bone growth and activity can also be present.
Every clinician should be aware of all common, rare and uncommon bony diseases and conditions such as cherubism, Paget's disease, osteogenesis imperfecta and others related to genetic conditions. We present standard (calcium, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, alkaline phosphatase, vitamin D) and specialized bone markers (pyridinium, deoxy-pyridinium, hydroxyproline, RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway, growth hormone, insulin-like growth hormone-1) that can be used to evaluate, measure or describe the processes occurring in craniofacial bones.
Author:
Monika Seifert, Kamil H. Nelke, Anna Noczynska, Lidia Lysenko, Marzena Kubacka, Hanna Gerber Journal: Postepy Hig Med Dosw (online), 2015; 69: 1176-1181 e-ISSN 1732-2693
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Calculus Detection Calibration Among Dental Hygiene Faculty Members Utilizing Dental Endoscopy: A Pilot Study | Calculus Detection Calibration Among Dental Hygiene Faculty Members Utilizing Dental Endoscopy: A Pilot Study
Calculus Detection Calibration Among Dental Hygiene Faculty Members Utilizing Dental Endoscopy: A Pilot Study
Calculus Detection Calibration Among Dental Hygiene Faculty Members Utilizing Dental Endoscopy
Overview
Dental and dental hygiene faculty members often do not provide consistent instruction in the clinical environment, especially in tasks requiring clinical judgment. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine if a dental endoscopy-assisted training program would improve intra- and interrater reliability of dental hygiene faculty members in calculus detection. Training included an ODU 11/12 explorer, typodonts, and dental endoscopy. A convenience sample of six participants was recruited from the dental hygiene faculty at a California community college, and a two-group randomized experimental design was utilized.
The results showed that both kinds of reliability significantly improved for all participants and the training group improved significantly in interrater reliability from pre-test to post-test. Calibration training was beneficial to these dental hygiene faculty members, especially those beginning with less than full agreement. This study suggests that calculus detection calibration training utilizing dental endoscopy can effectively improve interrater reliability of dental and dental hygiene clinical educators. Future studies should include human subjects, involve more participants at multiple locations, and determine whether improved rater reliability can be sustained over time.
Acknowledgement
Authors
Brian B. Partido, Archie A. Jones, Dana L. English, Carol A. Nguyen and Mary E. Jacks
| 3 | | R430.00 | |
| | Dental and dental hygiene students' diagnostic accuracy in oral radiology: effect of diagnostic strategy and instructional method | Dental and dental hygiene students' diagnostic accuracy in oral radiology: effect of diagnostic strategy and instructional method
Dental and dental hygiene students' diagnostic accuracy in oral radiology: effect of diagnostic strategy and instructional method
Overview
This study evaluated the effectiveness of non-analytic and analytic strategies in radiographic interpretation and explored the relationship between instructional methodology and diagnostic strategy. Second-year dental and dental hygiene students were taught four radiographic abnormalities using basic science instructions or a step-by-step algorithm.
The students were tested on diagnostic accuracy and memory immediately after learning and one week later. A total of seventy-three students completed both immediate and delayed sessions and were included in the analysis. Students were randomly divided into two instructional conditions: one group provided a diagnostic hypothesis for the image and then identified specific features to support it, while the other group first identified features and then provided a diagnosis.
Participants in the di¬agnosis-first condition (non-analytic reasoning) had higher diagnostic accuracy then those in the features-first condition (analytic reasoning), regardless of their learning condition. No main effect of learning condition or interaction with diagnostic strategy was observed. Educators should be mindful of the potential influence of analytic and non-analytic approaches on the effectiveness of the instructional method.
Acknowledgement
Authors: Mariam T. Baghdady, Heather Carnahan, Ernest W.N. Lam and Nicole N. Woods
Journal Journal of Dental Education September 2014 Volume 78, No 9
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Apoptosis-related microRNA-145-5p enhances the effects of pheophorbide a-based photodynamic therapy in oral cancer. | Apoptosis-related microRNA-145-5p enhances the effects of pheophorbide a-based photodynamic therapy in oral cancer.
Apoptosis-related microRNA-145-5p enhances the effects of pheophorbide a-based photodynamic therapy in oral cancer.
Overview
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate key biological processes, and their aberrant expression has been related to cancer development. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as one of the most promising modalities for cancer treatment. However, the application of PDT has been limited to superficially localized human cancerous and precancerous lesions. To increase the usefulness of both PDT and miRNAs in cancer therapy, this study investigated whether apoptosis-related miRNA expression is influenced by PDT in oral cancer and whether miRNAs can enhance PDT efficacy.
To achieve this goal, we performed a miRNA array-based comparison of apoptosis-related miRNA expression patterns following PDT using pheophorbide a (Pa) as a photosensitizer. After Pa-PDT, 13.1% of the miRNAs were down-regulated, and 16.7% of the miRNAs were up-regulated. Representative miRNAs were selected according to expression difference: miR-9-5p, miR-32-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-192-5p, miR- 193a-5p, miR-204-5p, miR-212-3p, miR-338-3p, and miR-451a. Among them, only miR- 145-5p showed the consistent reduction repeatedly in all cell lines after Pa-PDT. Further, the combined treatment of a miR-145-5p mimic and Pa-PDT increased phototoxicity, reactive oxygen species generation, and apoptotic cell death, suggesting that miRNAs expression could be a useful marker for enhancing the therapeutic effect of Pa-PDT. This study will provide a promising strategy for introducing miRNA as cancer therapy.
Acknowledgement
Author: Sook Moon, Do Kyeong, Jin Kim
Journal: Oncotarge
Publisher: Advance publications 2017
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5471045/pdf/oncotarget-08-35184.pdf
| 3 | | R350.00 | |
| | Denture wearing during sleep doubles the risk of pneumonia in the very elderly. | Denture wearing during sleep doubles the risk of pneumonia in the very elderly.
Denture wearing during sleep doubles the risk of pneumonia in the very elderly.
Overview
Poor oral health and hygiene are increasingly recognized as major risk factors for pneumonia among the elderly. To identify modifiable oral health-related risk factors, we prospectively investigated associations between a constellation of oral health behaviours and incident pneumonia in the community-living very elderly. At baseline, 524 randomly selected seniors were examined for oral health status and oral hygiene behaviours as well as medical assessment, including blood chemistry analysis, and followed up annually until first hospitalization for or death from pneumonia. During a 3-year follow-up period, 48 events associated with pneumonia were identified. Among 453 denture wearers, 186 who wore their dentures during sleep were at higher risk for pneumonia than those who removed their dentures at night. In a multivariate Cox model, both perceived swallowing difficulties and overnight denture wearing were independently associated with an approximately 2.3-fold higher risk of the incidence of pneumonia, which was comparable with the HR attributable to cognitive impairment, history of stroke and respiratory disease. In addition, those who wore dentures during sleep were more likely to have tongue and denture plaque, gum inflammation, positive culture for Candida albicans, and higher levels of circulating interleukin-6 as compared with their counterparts. This study provided empirical evidence that denture wearing during sleep is associated not only with oral inflammatory and microbial burden but also with incident pneumonia, suggesting potential implications of oral hygiene programs for pneumonia prevention in the community.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Iinuma T, Arai Y, Abe Y, Takayama M, Fukumoto M, Fukui Y, Iwase T, Takebayashi T, Hirose N, Gionhaku N, Komiyama K
Journal:
Journal of Dental Research
Publisher:
International & American Associations for Dental Research
URL:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4541085/pdf/10.1177_0022034514552493.pdf
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MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 | 3 | | R450.00 | |
| | Prevalence and risk factors of periodontitis among adults with or without diabetes mellitus. | Prevalence and risk factors of periodontitis among adults with or without diabetes mellitus.
Prevalence and risk factors of periodontitis among adults with or without diabetes mellitus.
Overview
Aims:
This study examined prevalence and risk factors of periodontitis in representative samples of Korean adults, with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).
Method:
Data from the 2012 Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey were analyzed. A total of 4,477 adults were selected from 8,057 individuals who completed a nutrition survey, a self-reported general health behavior questionnaire, an oral examination, an oral hygiene behaviors survey, and laboratory tests. DM was defined as a fasting plasma glucose = 126 mg/dL, or self-reported diagnosed diabetes, or current use of oral hypoglycemic agents and/or insulin. The community periodontal index was used to assess periodontitis status and comparisons between the periodontitis and the non-periodontitis group, were performed, according to the presence of DM. Risk factors for periodontitis in adults with DM and without DM were evaluated by multiple logistic regression analysis.
Results:
The prevalence of periodontitis was significantly higher in adults with DM (43.7%) than in those without DM. In adults without DM, risk factors for periodontitis were older age, male, urban habitation, waist circumference, smoking, oral pain, and less frequent tooth brushing.
Conclusions:
Adults with DM have an increased risk of periodontitis than those without DM.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Hong M, Kim HY, Seok H, Yeo CD, Kim YS, Song JY, Lee Y, Lee DH, Lee JI, Lee TK, Ahn HS, Ko YH, Jeong SC, Chae HS, Sohn TS
Journal:
Korean journal of internal medicine
Publisher:
The Korean Association of Internal Medicine
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5016291/pdf/kjim-2016-031.pdf
| 3 | | R379.00 | |
| | Systematic review on non-invasive treatment of root caries lesions. | Systematic review on non-invasive treatment of root caries lesions.
Systematic review on non-invasive treatment of root caries lesions.
Overview
The present systematic review critically summarizes results of clinical studies investigating chemical agents to reduce initiation or inactivation of root caries lesions (RCLs). Outcomes were DMFRS/DFRS (decayed, missing, filled root surfaces), surface texture (hard/soft), and/or RCI (root caries index).
Thirty-four articles with 1 or more agents were included; they reported 30 studies with 10,136 patients who were 20 to 101 y old; and they analyzed 28 chemical agents (alone or in combination). Eleven studies investigated dentifrices, 10 rinses, 8 varnishes, 3 solutions, 3 gels, and 2 ozone applications. Meta-analyses revealed that dentifrices containing 5,000 ppm F(-) or 1.5% arginine plus 1,450 ppm F(-) are more effective in inactivating RCLs than dentifrices containing 1,100 to 1,450 ppm F(-). Self-applied AmF/SnF2-containing dentifrice and rinse decreased the initiation of RCLs when compared with NaF products. Patients rinsing with a mouth rinse containing 225 to 900 ppm F(-) revealed a significantly reduced DMFRS/DFRS when compared with a placebo rinse. Significantly reduced RCI was found for CHX as well as SDF when compared with placebo varnish.
Regular use of dentifrices containing 5,000 ppm F(-) and quarterly professionally applied CHX or SDF varnishes seem to be efficacious to decrease progression and initiation of root caries, respectively. However, this conclusion is based on only very few well-conducted randomized controlled trials.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Wierichs RJ, Meyer-Lueckel H
Journal:
Journal of Dental Research
Publisher:
International & American Associations for Dental Research
jdr.sagepub.com
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4438727/pdf/10.1177_0022034514557330.pdf | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Relation Between Periodontal Status and Pre-Cancerous Condition (Oral Lichen Planus): A Pilot Study. | Relation Between Periodontal Status and Pre-Cancerous Condition (Oral Lichen Planus): A Pilot Study.
Relation Between Periodontal Status and Pre-Cancerous Condition (Oral Lichen Planus): A Pilot Study.
Overview
Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the periodontal status of OLP patients and compare it with that of healthy controls. Plaque control and rigorous oral hygiene are primary requisites for the treatment of any oro-mucosal disease.
Material and Methods:
Thirty patients with the erosive and reticular form of OLP as a study group and 30 healthy subjects as a control group were selected. The periodontal status of all subjects including gingival index (GI), Russell's periodontal index (PI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were evaluated in both groups. Finally, the data was analyzed by a paired t-test using SPSS software v. 22.
Results:
The mean values of GI, PI and BOP were observed to be higher in the study group compared to the control group, and this was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The results shown are suggestive that periodontal status was poor in the study group as compared to the control group.
Conclusions:
Further studies need to investigate periodontal status in oral lichen planus patients with larger sample size, and careful follow-up of these will assure an increase in the quality of life of these patients. The patient should be informed regarding the risk of periodontal problems in OLP and should be advised to have regular dental checkups to avoid a worsening of the condition
Acknowledgement
Author:
Rai NP, Kumar P, Mustafa SM, Divakar DD, Kheraif AA, Ramakrishnaiah R, Vellapally S, Dalati MH, Parine NR, Anil S
Journal:
Advances in clinical and experimental medicine
Publisher:
Wroclaw Medical University
http://www.advances.umed.wroc.pl/pdf/2016/25/4/763.pdf
| 3 | | R380.00 | |
| | Postoperative Pain in Children After Dentistry Under General Anesthesia. | Postoperative Pain in Children After Dentistry Under General Anesthesia.
Postoperative Pain in Children After Dentistry Under General Anesthesia.
Overview
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, severity, and duration of postoperative pain in children undergoing general anesthesia for dentistry. This prospective cross-sectional study included 33 American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) Class I and II children 4-6 years old requiring multiple dental procedures, including at least 1 extraction, and/or pulpectomy, and/or pulpotomy of the primary dentition. Exclusion criteria were children who were developmentally delayed, cognitively impaired, born prematurely, taking psychotropic medications, or recorded baseline pain or analgesic use.
The primary outcome of pain was measured by parents using the validated Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R) and Parents' Postoperative Pain Measure (PPPM) during the first 72 hours at home. The results showed that moderate-to-severe postoperative pain, defined as FPS-R = 6, was reported in 48.5% of children. The prevalence of moderate-to-severe pain was 29.0% by FPS-R and 40.0% by PPPM at 2 hours after discharge. Pain subsided over 3 days. Postoperative pain scores increased significantly from baseline (P < .001, Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test). Moderately good correlation between the 2 pain measures existed 2 and 12 hours from discharge (Spearman rhos correlation coefficients of 0.604 and 0.603, P < .005).
In conclusion, children do experience moderate-to-severe pain postoperatively. Although parents successfully used pain scales, they infrequently administered analgesics.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Wong M, Copp PE, Haas DA
Journal:
Anesthesia progress
Publisher:
American Dental Society of Anesthesiology
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4675339/pdf/i0003-3006-62-4-140.pdf
| 3 | | R450.00 | |
| | Oral care and nosocomial pneumonia: a systematic review. | Oral care and nosocomial pneumonia: a systematic review.
Oral care and nosocomial pneumonia: a systematic review.
Overview
To perform a systematic review of the literature on the control of oral biofilms and the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia, in addition to assessing and classifying studies as to the grade of recommendation and level of evidence.
The review was based on PubMed, LILACS, and Scopus databases, from January 1st, 2000 until December 31st, 2012. Studies evaluating oral hygiene care related to nosocomial infections in patients hospitalized in intensive care units were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Full published articles available in English, Spanish, or Portuguese, which approached chemical or mechanical oral hygiene techniques in preventing pneumonia, interventions performed, and their results were included.
Most articles included a study group with chlorhexidine users and a control group with placebo users for oral hygiene in the prevention of pneumonia.
All articles were classified as B in the level of evidence, and 12 articles were classified as 2B and two articles as 2C in grade of recommendation. It was observed that the control of oral biofilm reduces the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia, but the fact that most articles had an intermediate grade of recommendation makes clear the need to conduct randomized controlled trials with minimal bias to establish future guidelines for oral hygiene in intensive care units.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Vilela MC, Ferreira GZ, Santos PS, Rezende NP
Journal:
Einstein (Soa Paulo, Brazil)
Publisher:
Unknown
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4943826/pdf/1679-4508-eins-13-2-0290.pdf | 3 | | R390.00 | |
| | Development and Evaluation of an Endodontic Simulation Model for Dental Students. | Development and Evaluation of an Endodontic Simulation Model for Dental Students.
Development and Evaluation of an Endodontic Simulation Model for Dental Students.
Overview
The aims of this study were to develop an endodontic simulation model able to implement the electronic method of working length determination (electronic apex locators, EALs) in a dental school, to evaluate the practicality of this tool for dental students, and to compare the accuracy of working length measurements achieved by the EAL and the radiographic method.
A new simulation model was constructed by embedding extracted human teeth in a self-cured resin, along with a conductive medium. After radiographic and electronic working length determinations, root canal instrumentation was performed by students at a dental school in Austria according to the working lengths obtained from the EAL. Subsequently, root apices were longitudinally sectioned using a diamond coated bur. Measurements of the distance between the anatomical root apex (ARA) and the apical constriction (AC) as well as between ARA and the ascertained apical point of endodontic instrumentation were performed using digital photography and a 3D computer-assisted design software. The distance between ARA and the radiologic (ARA-R) or electrometric (ARA-EL) readings of the apical point of endodontic instrumentation was compared with the actual distance ARA-AC. The accuracy of both methods was determined. The difference between the actual distance ARA-AC and the targeted radiological distance was statistically significant, as was the measured distance between ARA-R and ARA-EL.
The electronic method seems to be more precisely referring to the AC than the radiographic method. These results suggest that the endodontic simulation model described in this study can be successfully used in preclinical dental education.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Wolgin M, Wiedemann P, Frank W, Wrbas KT, Kielbassa AM
Journal:
Journal of dental education
Publisher:
Journal of dental education
http://www.jdentaled.org/content/79/11/1363.full.pdf
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Efficacy of fluoride varnish and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate for remineralization of primary teeth: a randomized clinical trial. | Efficacy of fluoride varnish and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate for remineralization of primary teeth: a randomized clinical trial.
Efficacy of fluoride varnish and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate for remineralization of primary teeth: a randomized clinical trial.
Overview
Objective:
We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oral hygiene instruction, fluoride varnish and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) for remineralizing white spot lesions (WSL), and the effect of these on the dmft index in primary teeth.
Subjects and Methods:
In this 1-year, randomized clinical trial, 140 children aged 12-36 months with WSL in the anterior maxillary teeth were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups of 35 children each. At baseline and 4, 8 and 12 months after the intervention, the size of WSL in millimeters and the dmft index were recorded.
Results
In group 1, the mean percent WSL area and dmft index values had increased significantly at 12 months after baseline (p < 0.001). The interventions led to significant decreases in the size of the WSL; the greatest reduction was in group 4 (63%) followed by group 3 (51%) and group 2 (10%) after 12 months. The smallest increase in the dmft index was in group 4 (0.17), followed by groups 3 (0.3) and 2 (0.42). However, there were no significant differences between the groups (p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
Oral hygiene along with four fluoride varnish applications or constant CPP-ACP during the 12- month period reduced the size of WSL in the anterior primary teeth and caused a small increase in dmft index values.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Memarpour M, Fakhraei E, Dadaein S, Vossoughi M
Journal:
Medical principles and practice: international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre.
Publisher:
2015 S. Karger AG, Basel
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5588292/pdf/mpp-0024-0231.pdf
| 3 | | R370.00 | |
| | Digital Panoramic Radiography as a Useful Tool for Detection of Bone Loss: A Comparative Study. | Digital Panoramic Radiography as a Useful Tool for Detection of Bone Loss: A Comparative Study.
Digital Panoramic Radiography as a Useful Tool for Detection of Bone Loss: A Comparative Study.
Overview
This study was aimed to investigate the use of panoramic radiography in patients with low bone mineral density in order to diagnose and prevent osteoporotic fractures. Panoramic radiographs of 60 patients (20 men and 40 women) aged from 40 to 70 years with cortical thicknesses of less than 3 mm in the mandibular angle were selected from patients referred to a dentomaxillofacial radiology clinic and were then examined for mandibular cortical angles.
In most cases, no significant difference in mandibular angle cortical thickness was found between those patients with a normal BMD and those patients with a lowered BMD (P=0.621). There was a relationship between the cortical thicknesses of the mandibular lower border, and vertebral and femoral BMD (P<0.0001), and there was a significant difference between the thickness of the mandibular lower border and BMD. The results of this study also revealed a new marker of osteoporosis on the mandibular lower border under the third molar. A thickness of 2.80 mm of the mandibular lower border was detected as a threshold for the measurement of bone densitometry in the chosen Iranian population.
Panoramic radiography is effective for screening patients who are at risk of having decreased bone mineral density. Patients with a threshold of 2.80 mm thickness of the mandibular lower border should be considered as individuals likely to have osteoporosis associated low bone density.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Fatemeh Ezoddini Ardakani, Mohammad Bagher Owlia, Samaneh Hesami , and Pouran Hosseini
Journal:
Acta Medica Iranica
Publisher:
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, The Center for Electronic Resources Provision & Journals Development
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e79e/f05e3bb35a08af4bf74b0897f2d4e4461023.pdf
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Advanced restorative dentistry - a problem for the elderly? An ethical dilemma. | Advanced restorative dentistry - a problem for the elderly? An ethical dilemma.
Advanced restorative dentistry - a problem for the elderly? An ethical dilemma.
Overview
The type of dental restorations taken into old age may have an adverse effect on the quality of life of the elderly. At present the availability of dental personnel and facilities in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) is limited and the elderly living at home may be unable to easily gain access to dental care. This results in prolonged pain and suffering. It is important that appropriate funds are made available to ensure their dental health is maintained. A lack of early intervention to arrest dental disease may result in life-threatening medical consequences in the elderly.
Significant local disease may also result from a lack of appropriate dental intervention. The necessity to remove questionable teeth prior to irradiation for neoplastic disease or bisphosphonate prescription for neoplastic disease or severe osteoporosis emphasizes the need for regular dental care. In contrast, extensive dental restorative treatment for younger people may have benefits, such as optimal dental aesthetics and oral function, but in older individual’s careful consideration should be given to select the most appropriate treatment modality so that adverse situations can be avoided. This may mean the use of conservative dental restorative materials and an avoidance of complex restorative options which may be difficult for the individual or RACF staff to maintain.
Therefore, the timing of the provision of complex dentistry poses an ethical dilemma.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Murray CG
Journal:
Australian dental journal
Publisher:
2015 Australian Dental Association
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/adj.12289/epdf
| 3 | | R385.00 | |
| | Association Between Dental Student-Developed Exam Questions and Learning at Higher Cognitive Levels. | Association Between Dental Student-Developed Exam Questions and Learning at Higher Cognitive Levels.
Association Between Dental Student-Developed Exam Questions and Learning at Higher Cognitive Levels.
Overview
New dental accreditation standards emphasize that graduates must be competent in the use of critical thinking (a high cognitive-level skill). Despite this new standard, most written assessments in dental school courses are still based on low cognitive-level questions.
The aim of this study was to determine if an exercise that allows students to collaboratively write exam questions would help cultivate higher cognitive levels of learning. To evaluate this exercise at one U.S. dental school, the cognitive level (according to Bloom's taxonomy) of multiple-choice exam questions and students' scores across two cohorts in a cariology course were compared.
Among students in the intervention group, the response rate to a post-intervention survey measuring students' attitudes about the experience was 70% (N=73). The results showed that the students generating their own assessments developed higher cognitive-level exam questions than the instructor-generated assessments. The intervention group (with student-generated assessments) also performed as well or better on tests compared to the control group (with instructor-generated assessments).
In the intervention group survey, the vast majority of students agreed that the exercise was helpful for their overall learning experience, but working in teams was said to be the least valuable component of the activity for their learning.
This study suggests that student-driven, collaborative assessments can be an important tool for building critical thinking skills in dental classrooms and that it may be worthwhile to expand this type of exercise into other courses.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Gonzalez-Cabezas C, Anderson OS, Wright MC, Fontana M
Journal:
Journal of dental education
Publisher:
Journal of dental education
http://www.jdentaled.org/content/79/11/1295.long
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Medical Tourism. | Medical Tourism.
Overview
BACKGROUND: Medical tourism is a burgeoning industry in our region. It involves patients travelling outside of their home country for medical treatment.
OBJECTIVE:
This article provides an outline of the current research around medical tourism, especially its impact on Australians.
DISCUSSION:
Patients are increasingly seeking a variety of medical treatments abroad, particularly those involving cosmetic surgery and dental treatment, often in countries in South-East Asia. Adverse events may occur during medical treatment abroad, which raises medico-legal and insurance issues, as well as concerns regarding follow-up of patients. General practitioners need to be prepared to offer advice, including travel health advice, to patients seeking medical treatment abroad
Acknowledgement
Author:
Leggat P
Journal:
Australian family physician.
Publisher:
Focus Environmental
| 3 | | R360.00 | |
| | Dental needs of psychiatric patient with eating disorders. | Dental needs of psychiatric patient with eating disorders.
Dental needs of psychiatric patient with eating disorders.
Overview
Aim: Aim of this study is to determine the dental care needs of patients with eating disorders and the need of interdisciplinary collaboration of psychiatrists, psychologists and dentists. This gives the opportunity to complete diagnosis and treatment.
Methods:
In this study, 40 daily treated psychiatric patients were examined. Patients with diagnoses of chapters F4.xx, F5x.x, F6x.x ICD-10, were included in the study. During a stomatological consultation detailed clinical examination was conducted, including oral health index - API. Swabs were taken for microbiological examination - bacteriological and mycological. Each patient was assigned for X-ray picture.
Results: Among the patients many had poor oral hygiene, tooth enamel erosion, frequent oral infections both fungal and bacterial were present. All patients required dental treatment. In several cases there were severe symptoms in the form of large enamel erosion, and numerous chronic periapical inflammation requiring rapid intervention.
Conclusions:
Dental needs of patients with eating disorders are enormous and these patients often require immediate dental treatment. Interdisciplinary diagnosis and treatment provides complete picture of the patient's problems and the possibility of full recovery.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Szupiany T, Pytko-Polonczyk J, Rutkowski K
Journal:
Psychiatria polska
Publisher:
Unknown
http://www.psychiatriapolska.pl/uploads/onlinefirst/ENGverSzupiany_PsychiatrPolOnlineFirstNr7.pdf
| 3 | | R450.00 | |
| | Significance Of Biofilms In Dentistry. | Significance Of Biofilms In Dentistry.
Significance Of Biofilms In Dentistry.
Overview
In the past decades significant scientific progress has taken place in the knowledge about biofilms. They constitute multilayer conglomerates of bacteria and fungi, surrounded by carbohydrates which they produce, as well as substances derived from saliva and gingival fluid. Modern techniques showed significant diversity of the biofilm environment and a system of microbial communication (quorum sensing), enhancing their survival. At present it is believed that the majority of infections, particularly chronic with exacerbations, are a result of biofilm formation, particularly in the presence of biomaterials. It should be emphasised that penetration of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents into deeper layers of a biofilm is poor, causing therapeutic problems and necessitating sometimes removal of the implant or prosthesis. Biofilms play an increasing role in dentistry as a result of more and more broad use in dental practice of plastic and implantable materials.
Biofilms are produced on the surfaces of teeth as dental plaque, in the para-nasal sinuses, on prostheses, dental implants, as well as in waterlines of a dental unit, constituting a particular risk for severely immunocompromised patients. New methods of therapy and prevention of infections linked to biofilms are under development.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Wróblewska M, Struzycka I, Mierzwinska-Nastalska E
Journal:
Przeglad epidemiologiczny
Publisher:
National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene
| 3 | | R370.00 | |
| | Education About Dental Hygienists' Roles in Public Dental Prevention Programs: Dental and Dental Hygiene Students' and Faculty Members' and Dental Hygienists' Perspectives. | Education About Dental Hygienists' Roles in Public Dental Prevention Programs: Dental and Dental Hygiene Students' and Faculty Members' and Dental Hygienists' Perspectives.
Education About Dental Hygienists' Roles in Public Dental Prevention Programs: Dental and Dental Hygiene Students' and Faculty Members' and Dental Hygienists' Perspectives.
Overview
In 2005, Public Act No. 161 was passed in Michigan, allowing dental hygienists to practice in approved public dental prevention programs to provide services for underserved populations while utilizing a collaborative agreement with a supervising dentist.
The aims of this study were to assess how well dental and dental hygiene students and faculty members and practicing dental hygienists have been educated about PA 161, what attitudes and knowledge about the act they have, and how interested they are in additional education about it. University of Michigan dental and dental hygiene students and faculty members, students in other Michigan dental hygiene programs, and dental hygienists in the state were surveyed.
The results showed that the dental students were less educated about PA 161 than the dental hygiene students, and the dental faculty members were less informed than the dental hygiene faculty members and dental hygienists. Responding dental hygiene faculty members and dental hygienists had more positive attitudes about PA 161 than did the students and dental faculty members. Most of the dental hygiene faculty members and dental hygienists knew a person providing services in a PA 161 program. Most dental hygiene students, faculty members, and dental hygienists wanted more education about PA 161.
Overall, the better educated about the program the respondents were, the more positive their attitudes, and the more interested they were in learning more.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Pervez A, Kinney JS, Gwozdek A, Farrell CM, Inglehart MR
Journal:
Journal of dental education
| 3 | | R400.00 | |
| | Detecting and Treating Occlusal Caries Lesions: A cost-effectiveness analysis. | Detecting and Treating Occlusal Caries Lesions: A cost-effectiveness analysis.
Detecting and Treating Occlusal Caries Lesions: A cost-effectiveness analysis.
Overview
The health gains and costs resulting from using different caries detection strategies might not only depend on the accuracy of the used method but also the treatment emanating from its use in different populations. We compared combinations of visual-tactile, radiographic, or laser-fluorescence-based detection methods with 1 of 3 treatments (non-, micro-, and invasive treatment) initiated at different cutoffs (treating all or only dentinal lesions) in populations with low or high caries prevalence.
Radiographic and fluorescence-based methods led to more over treatments, especially in populations with low prevalence. For the latter, combining visual-tactile or radiographic detection with microinvasive treatment retained teeth longest (mean 66 y) at lowest costs (329 and 332 Euro, respectively), while combining radiographic or fluorescence-based detections with invasive treatment was the least cost-effective (<60 y, >700 Euro). In populations with high prevalence, combining radiographic detection with microinvasive treatment was most cost-effective (63 y, 528 Euro), while sensitive detection methods combined with invasive treatments were again the least cost-effective (<59 y, >690 Euro).
The suitability of detection methods differed significantly between populations, and the cost-effectiveness was greatly influenced by the treatment initiated after lesion detection. The accuracy of a detection method relative to a "gold standard" did not automatically convey into better health or reduced costs. Detection methods should be evaluated not only against their criterion validity but also the long-term effects resulting from their use in different populations.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Schwendicke F, Stolpe M, Meyer-Lueckel H, Paris S
Journal:
Journal of dental research
Publisher:
International & American Associations for Dental Research 2014
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Dental students' ability to detect and diagnose oral mucosal lesions. | Dental students' ability to detect and diagnose oral mucosal lesions.
Dental students' ability to detect and diagnose oral mucosal lesions.
Overview
The aim of this study was to assess the ability of dental students in the screening clinic of the Kuwait University Dental Center to detect and diagnose oral mucosal lesions. Clinical examinations performed by dental students between January 2009 and February 2011 were included. All their findings regarding the oral mucosal lesions and dental carious lesions detected were recorded, after which the patients were re-examined by faculty examiners. The students rated their own ability to detect mucosal and carious lesions before each examination.
Among the 341 patients screened, 375 oral mucosal lesions were found by the faculty examiners. Of those, the students detected 178 (47.5%). Out of the 375 lesions, including the ones they failed to detect, the students diagnosed 272 (72.5%) correctly. The students were more likely (p=0.01) to correctly diagnose a mucosal lesion when they themselves had detected it (n=169/178) than when they failed to detect it and had it subsequently pointed out by the faculty examiners (n=103/197). The students were more competent in detecting carious lesions (p=0.001) than in detecting mucosal lesions. A significantly higher proportion of students who felt confident in detecting mucosal lesions were actually more competent in detecting the lesions than those who were not confident (p=0.001).
Further educational strategies are needed to motivate Kuwait University dental students to develop the knowledge, skills, and judgment necessary to integrate a complete intraoral examination into their routine practice.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Ali MA, Joseph BK, Sundaram DB
Journal:
Journal of dental education
Publisher:
Journal of dental education
URL: http://www.jdentaled.org/content/79/2/140.full.pdf+html
| 3 | | R360.00 | |
| | Evaluation of Toothbrush Disinfection Via Different Methods. | Evaluation of Toothbrush Disinfection Via Different Methods.
Evaluation of Toothbrush Disinfection Via Different Methods.
Overview
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of using a dishwasher or different chemical agents, including 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate, 2% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), a mouth rinse containing essential oils and alcohol, and 50% white vinegar, for toothbrush disinfection. Sixty volunteers were divided into five experimental groups and one control group (n = 10). Participants brushed their teeth using toothbrushes with standard bristles, and they disinfected the toothbrushes according to instructed methods.
Bacterial contamination of the toothbrushes was compared between the experimental groups and the control group. Data were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis and Duncan's multiple range tests, with 95% confidence intervals for multiple comparisons. Bacterial contamination of toothbrushes from individuals in the experimental groups differed from those in the control group (p < 0.05). The most effective method for elimination of all tested bacterial species was 50% white vinegar, followed in order by 2% NaOCl, mouth rinse containing essential oils and alcohol, 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate, dishwasher use, and tap water (control).
The results of this study show that the most effective method for disinfecting toothbrushes was submersion in 50% white vinegar, which is cost-effective, easy to access, and appropriate for household use.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Basman A, Peker I, Akca G, Alkurt MT, Sarikir C, Celik I
Journal:
Brazilian oral research
Publisher:
Original research infection control
| 3 | | R375.00 | |
| | Ultrasonic instrumentation instruction in Canadian dental hygiene programs: Perspectives of program directors on curricular elements. | Ultrasonic instrumentation instruction in Canadian dental hygiene programs: Perspectives of program directors on curricular elements.
Ultrasonic instrumentation instruction in Canadian dental hygiene programs: Perspectives of program directors on curricular elements.
OVERVIEW
This article is important to Dental Hygienists because Dental hygiene ultrasonic instrumentation education tends to be rooted in a traditional approach that underutilizes the full potential of new technology. Standardization of dental hygiene ultrasonic curricula based on current evidence would improve practice outcomes.
Ongoing professional development for clinical dental hygiene educators in ultrasonic instrumentation, the articulation of clinical objectives, and the use of evaluation rubrics would enhance ultrasonic instrumentation instruction in dental hygiene programs and its clinical use by new graduates.
Contemporary ultrasonic instrumentation technology has improved its clinical utility due to enhanced subgingival access, disruption of biofilm, and debridement of light deposits. However, it is unknown if dental hygiene curricula in Canada have kept pace with this progression. This study explores dental hygiene ultrasonic instrumentation curricula from program directors’ perspectives.
All 40 Canadian dental hygiene program directors were invited to participate in a survey of their ultrasonic instrumentation curricula through an electronic questionnaire. While appropriate ultrasonic technology is available to dental hygiene students, there are some deficiencies in Canadian dental hygiene ultrasonic curricula, such as a lack of evidence-based, contemporary approaches to ultrasonic instrumentation instruction.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Joanna Asadoorian, PhD, RDH; Dani Botbyl, RDH; Marilyn J Goulding, MOS, RDH
JOURNAL: The Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene
PUBLISHER: The Canadian Dental Hygienist Associations
http://www.cdha.ca | 3 | | R300.00 | |
| | The use of immersive visualization for the control of dental anxiety during oral debridement. | The use of immersive visualization for the control of dental anxiety during oral debridement.
The use of immersive visualization for the control of dental anxiety during oral debridement.
OVERVIEW
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Immersive Visualization (IV) eyewear on anxious, adult patients during oral debridement. Thirty adult volunteers (n=23 females; n=7 males) were enrolled in the study. Participants were required to be 18 years or older and exhibit at least moderate anxiety.
Individuals were excluded from participation if they presented with severe dental calculus, periodontal disease, or dental caries, were taking psychotropic drugs, had a history of convulsive disorders, vertigo, or equilibrium disorders, or required antibiotic pre-medication. Subjects received a full mouth oral prophylaxis (supra- and subgingival scaling and selective polishing) by a single experienced dental hygienist. A split mouth design was utilized whereby each subject served as their own control. Subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups: Group A used IV eyewear dur¬ing the first one-half of the appointment (right side of the mouth) and Group B used IV eyewear during the second one-half of the appointment (left side of the mouth).
Results support the use of IV eyewear as an effective technique to reduce anxiety and the use of the IV eyewear was well received by all subjects. The portable, affordable and easy-to-operate IV system makes this technique an appealing approach of reducing dental anxiety.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Carmelo Padrino-Barrios, BSDH, MS; Gayle McCombs, RDH, MS; Norou Diawara, PhD; Gianluca De Leo, PhD, MBA
JOURNAL: The Journal of Dental Hygiene
PUBLISHER: The American Dental Hygienist’s Association
URL: https://adha.cdeworld.com/ | 3 | | R315.00 | |
| | Radiation-induced thumbs carcinoma due to practicing dental X-ray. | Radiation-induced thumbs carcinoma due to practicing dental X-ray.
Radiation-induced thumbs carcinoma due to practicing dental X-ray.
OVERVIEW
Radiographers were unintentionally, incautious when dealing with x-rays during the early years that followed its discovery. The reason was because of its unknown biological harmful effects. Similarly, many cases of cancer, sterility and death due to X-ray/radiation toxicity were documented during the early years of the 20th century.
Dealing with diagnostic X-ray radiation may result in serious health problems, unless protection guidelines are followed. The reoccurrence of various fatal cancer cases therefore compelled the concerned health authorities to develop safety standards to be followed by all X-ray clinics and technicians worldwide. Thus, this article is basically a report that documents the clinical case of a dental radiographer, who developed thumbs carcinoma after 15 years of practicing the profession, most likely due to his neglect of the X-ray radiation protection guidelines.
This case report is about a 49-year-old male working as a dental radiographer, lost his distal phalanges of both thumbs as a result of development of squamous cell carcinoma, due to neglect of the guidelines of protection related to X-ray imaging.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Esam S. Halboub, IMA Barngkgei, Osama Alsabbagh, Omar Hamadah
JOURNAL: Contemporary Clinical Dentistry
PUBLISHER: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
URL: http://www.medknow.com | 3 | | R345.00 | |
| | Prevalence of dental caries, oral hygiene knowledge, status, and practices among visually impaired individuals in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. | Prevalence of dental caries, oral hygiene knowledge, status, and practices among visually impaired individuals in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
Prevalence of dental caries, oral hygiene knowledge, status, and practices among visually impaired individuals in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
OVERVIEW
This course assesses the prevalence of dental caries, oral hygiene knowledge, status, and practices among visually impaired individuals in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 404 visually impaired individuals in Chennai city, Tamil Nadu. Four schools were randomly selected for conducting the study. The oral hygiene status, prevalence of caries, and knowledge and attitude towards oral care among visually impaired individuals were collected and analysed. In the present study, whilst 42% of individuals had fair oral hygiene status, 33% had good hygiene followed by 25% having poor oral hygiene. The overall mean number of DMFT was estimated to be 4.5 ± 2.7. The mean number of decayed teeth was 3.1 ± 2.2, mean number of missing teeth was 0.8 ± 1.4, and mean number of filled teeth was 0.5 ± 1.3.
In conclusion, whilst oral hygiene status was found to be relatively fair, there was a high rate of dental caries among the sample population. This shows that there is lack of knowledge regarding oral health maintenance. Therefore, early identification of caries coupled with effective oral health promotion programs providing practical knowledge to visually impaired students would prove beneficial.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: James Rufus John,1 Breena Daniel,2 Dakshaini Paneerselvam,2 and Ganesh Rajendran2
JOURNAL: International Journal of Dentistry
PUBLISHERS: Hindawi
URL: https://www.hindawi.com | 3 | | R325.00 | |
| | Oral Care for Pregnant Patients: A Survey of Dental Hygienists Knowledge Attitudes and Practice. | Oral Care for Pregnant Patients: A Survey of Dental Hygienists Knowledge Attitudes and Practice.
Oral Care for Pregnant Patients: A Survey of Dental Hygienists Knowledge Attitudes and Practice.
OVERVIEW
Recently, research has placed emphasis on the link between poor oral health of pregnant women and premature or low birth weight babies. Also, studies concerning adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with periodontal disease found that dental treatment during pregnancy is safe.
The purpose of this study was thus to examine the knowledge, attitude and practice behaviours of dental hygienists’ providing oral health care to pregnant women. The data for this study was collected from an anonymous electronic survey administered to all Michigan Dental Hygiene Association (MDHA). The participants were 1,047 and the survey asked questions which assessed dental hygienists knowledge, behaviours and attitudes when providing oral care to pregnant patients. During the study, statistical analysis was conducted correlating years in practice and years since dental hygiene degree with survey questions identify any correlations.
The results of this study nonetheless indicated that regardless of years of experience, or level of degree, most of the respondents surveyed (64%) desired more education about caring for a pregnant patient.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHOR: Stacey A. Schramm, Mary E. Jacks, Thomas J. Prihoda, Martha J. McComas, Emelda E. Hernandez,
JOURNAL: American Dental Hygienists’ Association
PUBLISHER: ADHA
URL: https://adha.cdeworld.com | 3 | | R315.00 | |
| | Medical Legislation –Educational Needs Assessment For Dental Students. | Medical Legislation –Educational Needs Assessment For Dental Students.
Medical Legislation –Educational Needs Assessment For Dental Students.
Overview
Medical malpractice is defined as any error or omission by a physician/ dentist/ nurse/ pharmacist during any medical investigation or treatment of a patient, which is not consistent with the accepted norms of practice in that medical community and causes an injury to the patient. Rationale (hypothesis): Many studies have highlighted the vulnerabilities in medical practice due to the legislation ignorance. Therefore, developing special programs for students training is needed and has become imperative. This research aimed to identify the educational needs for the 5th year students in “Carol Davila” School of Dentistry in Bucharest, related to the legislation in dentistry and its area of application. 199 students were invited to respond to a specially designed questionnaire. The questionnaire had 11 closed-response questions and the answers were statistically analyzed. The results indicated many educational needs in all the areas of investigation.
“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy is the first university in Romania that created a new discipline in the School of Dentistry, called Work Organization and Legislation in Medicine and Dentistry. Acknowledgement Author:
Pituru SM, Nanu A, Bucur A
JOURNAL:
Journal of Medicine and Life
PUBLISHER:
PubMed Central
| 3 | | R330.00 | |
| | Discussion Paper. Dental Hygienists and Dental Research: A Developing Scene. | Discussion Paper. Dental Hygienists and Dental Research: A Developing Scene.
Discussion Paper. Dental Hygienists and Dental Research: A Developing Scene.
Overview:
The aim of this discussion paper is to appraise readers of the development of the profession of dental hygienist around the world and to detail the growing contribution of dental hygienists to research.
This paper explains the rationale for educating and employing dental hygienists. It goes on to describe the trend to more academic education for dental hygienists in many countries due in part to the need for all dental hygienists to understand research methodology and to be able to appraise critically the research on which their practice is based. It discusses the reasons why dental hygienists are not employed in some countries.
The paper concludes that growing numbers of dental hygienists are being employed in a growing number of countries around the world and their education is increasingly leads to a Bachelor’s degree. The importance of an understanding of research methodology and the acquisition of critical appraisal skills during dental hygiene training has been recognised by many schools of dental hygiene.
Several dental hygienists are performing research, often in areas related to general as well as oral health, and are publishing in international peer-reviewed journals.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Marina Harris, Kenneth A. Eaton
JOURNAL: Journal of Oral Health and Dental Management
PUBLISHER: OMICS Publishing Group
URL: https://www.omicsonline.org | 3 | | R325.00 | |
| | A Review of Mercury Exposure and Health of Dental Personnel. | A Review of Mercury Exposure and Health of Dental Personnel.
A Review of Mercury Exposure and Health of Dental Personnel.
OVERVIEW
Considerable effort has been made to address the issue of occupational health and environmental exposure to mercury. This review reports on the current literature of mercury exposure and health impacts on dental personnel. All original articles that evaluated an association between the use of dental amalgam and occupational mercury exposure in dental personnel were included. Fifteen publications from nine different countries met the selection criteria.
The design and quality of the studies showed significant variation, particularly in the choice of biomarkers as an indicator of mercury exposure. In several countries, dental personnel had higher mercury levels in biological fluids and tissues than in control groups; some work practices increased mercury exposure but the exposure levels remained below recommended guidelines.
Dental personnel reported more health conditions, often involving the central nervous system, than the control groups. Clinical symptoms reported by dental professionals may be associated with low-level, long-term exposure to occupational mercury, but may also be because of aging, occupational overuse, and stress.
It is important that dental personnel, researchers, and educators continue to encourage and monitor good work practices by dental professionals.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Authors:
Natasha Nagpal, Silvana S. Bettiol, Amy Isham, Ha Hoang, Leonard A. Crocombe
Journal:
Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute
Publisher:
Elsevier
| 3 | | R350.00 | |
| | Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy as an Adjunct to Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy. | Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy as an Adjunct to Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy.
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy as an Adjunct to Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy.
OVERVIEW
Adjunctive photodynamic therapy (PDT or aPDT) is a low-power laser (diode laser, 660 to 810 nm) used in combination with a photosensitizing agent for an¬timicrobial purposes in the nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis. Mechanical therapy, including peri¬odontal debridement or scaling and root planing, has been shown to effectively reduce periodontal patho¬gens, inflammation, bleeding and probing depths, and to increase clinical attachment levels.
The effec¬tiveness of mechanical nonsurgical periodontal ther¬apy (NSPT), aimed at the reduction or elimination of periodontal pathogens and conditions which harbor them, is diminished in the presence of difficult ac¬cess including deep pockets, furcation defects and root concavities.
Many periodontal pathogens are susceptible to low-power lasers in the presence of photosensitive dyes, for example, methylene blue, toluidine blue or phenothiazine chloride. These light-activated photosensitizers are cytotoxic to microor¬ganisms associated with periodontal disease, result¬ing in cell death. Thus, aPDT has been suggested as an antimicrobial adjunct to NSPT.
The term pho¬totherapy differs from aPDT, as phototherapy refers to the use of lasers in conjunction with mechanical periodontal treatment to perform soft tissue debride¬ment or curettage as well as to reduce periodontal pathogens in the periodontal pocket.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Author:
Denise M. Bowen, RDH, MS
Journal:
The Journal of Dental Hygiene
PUBLISHER:
American Dental Hygienist Association
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Association between Early Childhood Caries, Feeding Practices and an Established Dental Home. | Association between Early Childhood Caries, Feeding Practices and an Established Dental Home.
Association between Early Childhood Caries, Feeding Practices and an Established Dental Home.
OVERVIEW
Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a significant public health concern disproportionately affecting low-income children. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between the establishment of a dental home and ECC prevalence in a group of Medicaid-enrolled preschool children, and to explore feeding practices associated with an increased prevalence of ECC in Medicaid-enrolled preschool children with an established dental home was evaluated.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Medicaid-enrolled children between 2 and 5 years of age with an established dental home and no dental home to compare feeding practices, parental knowledge of caries risk factors and oral health status.
It was found that children with an established dental home had lower rates of biofilm (p<0.05), gingivitis (p<0.05) and mean decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) scores (p<0.05). Children with no dental home consumed more soda and juice (p<0.05) daily, and ate more sticky fruit snacks (p<0.05) than children with an established dental home. Establishment of a dental home had a strong protective effect on caries and DMFT index (odds ratio=0.22) in both univariate and confounding adjusted analyses.
The results suggest establishment of a dental home, especially among high-risk, low-income populations, decreases the prevalence of ECC and reduces the practice of cariogenic feeding behaviors
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Erin A. Kierce, RDH, MS, MPH; Linda D. Boyd, RDH, RD, EdD; Lori Rainchuso, RDH, MS; Carole A. Palmer, EdD, RD, LDN; Andrews Rothman, MS, EIT
JOURNAL: The Journal of Dental Hygiene
PUBLISHER: American Dental Hygienist Association
http://www.adha.org/jdh | 3 | | R385.00 | |
| | Current status of the classification of periodontal diseases. | Current status of the classification of periodontal diseases.
Current status of the classification of periodontal diseases.
OVERVIEW
The professions of dentistry and dental hygiene exist largely due to 2 main diseases: dental caries and periodontal disease, both of which affect large segments of the population. Periodontitis is defined as the inflammatory process resulting in bone loss around teeth. The presence of gingival inflammation, bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment loss (CAL), periodontal pockets, and alveolar bone loss are the criteria needed to diagnose periodontitis.1
Although the identification of periodontitis is a relatively straightforward process in clinical practice, its classification into different forms of disease and severity remains a challenging clinical issue. Periodontal diseases and conditions remain challenging to classify.
Recently, the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) has suggested interpretations to this periodontal disease classification to address its limitations, such as the primary emphasis on clinical attachment levels as the main classification criterion, as well as the difficulty in distinguishing between aggressive and chronic periodontitis and in determining localized versus generalized periodontitis.2
This article reviews the history of periodontal disease classification and presents recommendations for clinicians on how to classify different forms of periodontal diseases.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Bonnie Hoath, BDSc, RDH; Colin Wiebe, DDS, DipPerio, MSc; Maria Isabel Garcia Fulle De Owen, DDS, DipPerio, MSc; Georgios Giannelis, DDS, DipPerio, MSc; Hannu Larjava, DDS, DipPerio, PhD
JOURNAL: Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene
PUBLISHER:Ottawa Canadian Dental Hygienists Association
http://www.cdha.ca
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Dental age and tooth development in orthodontic patients with agenesis of permanent teeth. | Dental age and tooth development in orthodontic patients with agenesis of permanent teeth.
Dental age and tooth development in orthodontic patients with agenesis of permanent teeth.
OVERVIEW
The object of the study is to compare the development of permanent teeth in a group of children with the congenitally missing permanent teeth (CMPT) and corresponding nonaffected group.
The formation stages of all developing permanent teeth were determined on 345 panoramic radiographs (OPTs) by the method of Haavikko (1970), and dental age was calculated. The paired samples ??-test was used to compare the differences between dental age (DA) and chronological age (CA) in those with CMPT and those not affected. Spearman test was used to evaluate the correlation between DA-CA and the number of missing teeth. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the development of the teeth adjacent to the place of the agenesis with matched pair in corresponding nonaffected group.
In conclusion, they found that the dental age was significantly delayed in CMPT children compared to the nonaffected group (?? < 0.001) and the development of the permanent teeth is delayed when compared to the nonaffected group of the same sex and age.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Jozo Badrov,1 Tomislav Lauc,2,3,4 Enita Nakaš,4 and Ivan GaliT1
JOURNAL: BioMed Research International
PUBLISHERS: Hindawi
URL: https://www.hindawi.com | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Effect of the biofilm age and starvation on acid tolerance of biofilm formed by streptococcus mutans isolated from caries-active and caries-free adults. | Effect of the biofilm age and starvation on acid tolerance of biofilm formed by streptococcus mutans isolated from caries-active and caries-free adults.
Effect of the biofilm age and starvation on acid tolerance of biofilm formed by streptococcus mutans isolated from caries-active and caries-free adults.
OVERVIEW
Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is considered a leading cause of dental caries. The capability of S. mutans to tolerate low pH is essential for its cariogenicity. Aciduricity of S. mutans is linked to its adaptation to environmental stress in oral cavity.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of biofilm age and starvation condition on acid tolerance of biofilm formed by S. mutans clinical isolates. Biofilms were analysed through viability staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy. In all three strains, mature, acid-adapted and starved biofilms showed significantly less destructive structure and more viable bacteria after acid shock than young, non-adapted and non-starved biofilms, respectively (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, in each condition, SM593 biofilm was denser, with a significantly larger number of viable bacteria than that of SM18 and ATCC25175 (all p < 0.05).
Findings demonstrated that mature, acid-adapted and starvation might protect biofilms of all three S. mutans strains against acid shock. Additionally, SM593 exhibited greater aciduricity compared to SM18 and ATCC25175, which indicated that the colonization of high cariogenicity of clinical strains may lead to high caries risk in individuals.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Shan Jiang 1, †, Shuai Chen 1, †, Chengfei Zhang 2, Xingfu Zhao 3, Xiaojing Huang 1, * and Zhiyu Cai 4
JOURNAL: International Journal of Molecular Science
PUBLISHERS: MDPI
URL: http://www.mdpi.com | 3 | | R380.00 | |
| | Effectiveness of early pediatric dental homes: A scoping review. | Effectiveness of early pediatric dental homes: A scoping review.
Effectiveness of early pediatric dental homes: A scoping review.
OVERVIEW
This article is important to Dental Hygienists because the early pediatric dental home is a promising model to improve pediatric oral health based on clinical, behavioural, and cost effectiveness outcome measures.
Dental hygienists and other dental practitioners should encourage families with infants and toddlers to start seeing a dental professional no later than age one for routine professional oral health care
This scoping review examines literature on the effectiveness of early pediatric dental homes based on clinical, behavioural, and cost parameters. The existing body of evidence generally supports the effectiveness of early pediatric dental homes for improving clinical outcomes (i.e., dmft scores) and behavioral outcomes (i.e., including utilization of future dental care services), and offering potential cost savings. However, exact quantifications of the impact on clinical and behavioral outcomes as well as cost savings vary due to heterogeneity of study design and methodological considerations related to level of evidence. Current research generally substantiates the establishment of a dental home model as an effective practice to improve early pediatric oral health.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Jacqueline VanMalsen, BSc(DH), RDH; Sharon M Compton, PhD, RDH
JOURNAL: The Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene
PUBLISHER: The Canadian Dental Hygienist Association
http://www.cdha.ca
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Effectiveness of Professionally-Applied Silver Diamine Fluoride in Arresting Dental Caries. | Effectiveness of Professionally-Applied Silver Diamine Fluoride in Arresting Dental Caries.
Effectiveness of Professionally-Applied Silver Diamine Fluoride in Arresting Dental Caries.
OVERVIEW
The purpose of Linking Research to Clinical Practice is to present evidence based information to clinical dental hygienists so that they can make informed decisions regarding patient treatment and recommendations.
Silver diamine fluoride has been shown to be effective in preventing and arresting dental caries. It provides an economical, noninvasive mechanism for dental hygienists to manage caries in community-based programs. The first product was cleared for marketing by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) in 2014 as a cavity varnish for treatment of hypersensitivity in adults over 21 years of age; therefore, its use as a caries preventive or arresting agent is off label. This FDA clearance parallels that of sodium fluoride varnish.
Systematic reviews of clinical trials in children and elderly adults provide evidence for the effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride in arresting dentin caries when applied every 6 months for a period of 2 to 3 years. Without excavation of soft dentin, silver diamine fluoride reacts with protein in the dentinal tissue and deposits a layer of silver protein that resists acids produced by bacteria and promotes the formation of hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite. The silver is antibacterial, and the decayed tooth surface hardens, and the lesion becomes smaller.1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Denise M. Bowen, RDH, MS
JOURNAL: The Journal of Dental Hygiene
PUBLISHER: American Dental Hygienist Association
http://www.adha.org/jdh
| 3 | | R390.00 | |
| | Hypodontia: An update on its etiology, classification, and clinical management. | Hypodontia: An update on its etiology, classification, and clinical management.
Hypodontia: An update on its etiology, classification, and clinical management.
OVERVIEW
Hypodontia, or tooth agenesis, is the most prevalent craniofacial malformation in humans. It may occur as part of a recognised genetic syndrome or as a non-syndromic isolated trait. Excluding third molars, the reported prevalence of hypodontia ranges from 1.6 to 6.9%, depending on the population studied.
Most affected individuals lack only one or two teeth, with permanent second premolars and upper lateral incisors the most likely to be missing. Both environmental and genetic factors are involved in the aetiology of hypodontia, with the latter playing a more significant role. Hypodontia individuals often present a significant clinical challenge for orthodontists because, in a number of cases, the treatment time is prolonged and the treatment outcome may be compromised.
Hence, the identification of genetic and environmental factors may be particularly useful in the early prediction of this condition and the development of prevention strategies and novel treatments in the future
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Azza Husam Al-Ani,1 Joseph Safwat Antoun,1 William Murray Thomson,1 Tony Raymond Merriman,2 and Mauro Farella1
JOURNAL: BioMed Research Internationa
PUBLISHERS: Hindawi
URL: https://www.hindawi.com/ | 3 | | R375.00 | |
| | Oral Health Related Quality Of Lfe (OHRQoL) Following Third Molar Surgery in Sub-Saharan Africans: An observational study. | Oral Health Related Quality Of Lfe (OHRQoL) Following Third Molar Surgery in Sub-Saharan Africans: An observational study.
Oral Health Related Quality Of Lfe (OHRQoL) Following Third Molar Surgery in Sub-Saharan Africans: An observational study.
Overview
Surgical extraction of the impacted third molar is one of the commonest minor oral surgical procedures carried out in oral surgery. Problems created by the disturbances in post-extraction wound healing and physiologic sequelae of third molar surgery can significantly affect the patient's quality of life.
The study population consisted of 135 subjects that required surgical extraction of mandibular third molar under local anaesthesia and met the inclusion criteria. Patients were assessed pre-operatively and post-operatively on days 1,3,5,7, and 14 using the United Kingdom Oral Health Related Quality of Life questionnaire (UK-OHRQoL).
This study also showed that surgical removal of impacted teeth exerted a negative influence on patient's Quality of life (QoL) across various physical, social, psychological aspects of life There was a deterioration in oral health related quality of life in the immediate postoperative period particularly POD 1 and 3 following third molar surgery, which slowly returned to preoperative level by 7th day. Routines such as eating, laughing and smiling, work and speech were also affected. Patients need to be informed of these symptoms after third molar removal to enable them to prepare very well for the procedure and its sequelae.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Ramat Oyebunmi Braimah, Kizito Chioma Ndukwe, Foluso John Owotade, Stephen Babatunde Aregbesola
Journal:
PanAfrican Medical Journal
Publisher
African Field Epidemiology Network (AFENET)
| 3 | | R360.00 | |
| | Patterns Of Analgesic Use To Relieve Tooth Pain Among Residents In British Columbia, Canada. | Patterns Of Analgesic Use To Relieve Tooth Pain Among Residents In British Columbia, Canada.
Patterns Of Analgesic Use To Relieve Tooth Pain Among Residents In British Columbia, Canada.
Overview
The use of prescription opioids has increased dramatically in Canada in recent decades. This rise in opioid prescriptions has been accompanied by increasing rates of opioid-related abuse and addiction, creating serious public health challenges in British Columbia (BC), one of Canada's most populated provinces. Our study explores the relationship between dental pain and prescription opioid use among residents in BC. We used data from the 2003 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), which asked respondents about their use of specific analgesic medications, including opioids, and their history of tooth pain in the past month.
Our results showed that conventional non-opioid based analgesics (such as aspirin or Tylenol) and opioids were more likely to be used by those who had experienced a toothache in the past month than those who did not report experiencing a toothache. The use of non-opioid painkillers to relieve tooth pain was associated with more recent and more frequent dental visits, better self-reported oral health, and a greater income.
We conclude that programs and policies targeted at improving the dental health of the poor may help to reduce the use of prescription opioids, thereby narrowing health inequalities within the broader society.
Acknowledgement
Authors:
Jamie Moeller, Julie Farmer, Carlos Quiñonez
Journal:
PLoS ONE
Publisher:
PubMed Central
| 3 | | R375.00 | |
| | Periodontitis and bone metabolism in patients with advanced heart failure and after heart transplantation. | Periodontitis and bone metabolism in patients with advanced heart failure and after heart transplantation.
Periodontitis and bone metabolism in patients with advanced heart failure and after heart transplantation.
OVERVIEW
Heart failure (HF) is a pro-inflammatory syndrome with multiorgan involvement caused by the inability of the heart to meet the metabolic demands of the body. The aims of this study are that heart failure (HF) is a multiorgan, pro- inflammatory syndrome that impairs bone metabolism. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and bone catabolism enhance periodontal disease, a local inflammatory, bacteria-induced disease that causes bone loss and periodontal soft tissue destruction.
Medical and dental examinations were performed on patients with HF (n = 39), following heart transplantation (post-HTx, n = 38) and controls (n = 32). Blood, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid were analysed for bone metabolism and inflammation markers. However, adjustment of periodontal results for measures
of oral hygiene (plaque, bleeding on probing), systemic 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and race attenuated significant differences between groups.
In conclusion, it was found that patients with HF exhibit more severe periodontal disease associated with increased bone turnover markers when compared with control patients. However, local and systemic factors may account for this association and should be evaluated in future studies
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Ulrike Schulze-Späte1,2 et al.
JOURNAL: ESC Heart Failure
PUBLISHERS: Wiley Online Library
URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Practice Issues. | Practice Issues.
OVERVIEW
It is important to note that the responses to the various questions are the views independently expressed and are not necessarily opinions shared by cpdexpress.co.za. As matters involving Ethics and the law are subject to interpretation, the responses cannot, in any way, be regarded as binding or necessarily endorsed by the regulatory authorities.
There are ethical dilemmas regarding patients, colleagues and associates that one doesn’t even consider until they become issues in their practice. There are many questions to be asked regarding ethics, touting, canvassing, advertising, competition and many other issues that need to be addressed and this article addresses most of them. | 3 | | R450.00 | |
| | Private Practice: The Do's And Don'ts. | Private Practice: The Do's And Don'ts.
Private Practice: The Do's And Don'ts.
OVERVIEW
You have studied extensively to become a healthcare professional in your field of study. You have learned and become adept at identifying a vast range of conditions. You can diagnose and effectively treat those conditions within the scope of the discipline.
Now you are faced with a plethora of dilemmas. What is fair value for your services? What appliances are appropriate and reasonable? What commercial and legal structures are appropriate for you? What influence may these commercial and legal structures have on your clinical recommendations? Who may have access to your record cards? What responsibility can you delegate to your staff? Who carries final responsibility for payment of your claims – member or medical aid? What constitutes anti-competitive behavior?
This is a very informative article that will help you to run your practice within the various guidelines. | 3 | | R400.00 | |
| | Saliva Defender of the Mouth and Mirror to the Body. | Saliva Defender of the Mouth and Mirror to the Body.
Saliva Defender of the Mouth and Mirror to the Body.
OVERVIEW
Saliva is an active and versatile fluid in the body that plays a key role in maintaining and preserving the health of the oral environment. In addition to how it serves the oral cavity, saliva is an instrumental tool in gauging the body’s overall systemic health. Therefore, while central to the mouth, the scope of the function
of saliva goes beyond the mouth and is so vast that it contributes to the health matters of the entire body, working to keep it at a level of homeostasis.
The goal of this paper is to inform the reader about the characteristics of saliva as a critical medium to systemic health, the role it plays in oral health and the overall well-being of an individual.
An exploration of the component parts of saliva will be provided, to give a background understanding to its vital and multi-functional role. Next, a breakdown of the variety of purposes that saliva serves will be presented. Finally, factors associated with impaired salivary function will be examined.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Dailee Louis and Mehmouna Aslam, BS.
JOURNAL: The Dental Assistant
PUBLISHER: The Dental Assistant Journal
https://www.adaausa.org
| 3 | | R390.00 | |
| | Sjögren’s syndrome: oral manifestations and treatment, a dental perspective. | Sjögren’s syndrome: oral manifestations and treatment, a dental perspective.
Sjögren’s syndrome: oral manifestations and treatment, a dental perspective.
OVERVIEW
Sjögren’s syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease affecting approximately 3 million Amer¬icans, primarily peri-menopausal women. The syndrome is characterized by dysfunction and destruction of exocrine glands leading to oral and ocular manifestations, xerostomia and keratitis sicca. Sjögren’s syndrome commonly remains either undiagnosed or is diagnosed years after the onset of symptoms.
Di¬agnosis is based on the concurrent presence of various signs and symptoms of the disease as established by 6 diagnostic standards set by the American European Consensus Group standards: oral symptoms, ocular symptoms, evidence of oral signs, evidence of ocular dryness, evidence of salivary gland involve¬ment with positive Anti-Ro/La autoantibodies and a positive gland biopsy.
With an aging population and heavier reliance on medications and treatments which cause xerostomia, oral health professionals are likely to encounter a higher incidence of xerostomia and Sjögren’s syndrome more than ever before. The dental professional must recognize the signs and symp¬toms of xerostomia, include Sjögren’s syndrome in their differential diagnosis, and communicate those findings and concerns to other health care providers, including the primary care physician, rheumatolo¬gist and ophthalmologist for evaluation in a timely fashion. This article discusses the dental professional’s role in formulating a preventive oral health plan.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Deborah L. Cartee, RDH, MS; Shannon Maker, RDH, BS; Debra Dalonges, RDH, BS; Marion C. Manski, RDH, MS
JOURNAL: The Journal of Dental Hygiene Assistant
PUBLISHER: The American Dental Assistants Association
https://www.adaausa.org | 3 | | R380.00 | |
| | Streptococcus Mutans and tooth Decay. | Streptococcus Mutans and tooth Decay.
Streptococcus Mutans and tooth Decay.
OVERVIEW
Ever since the dental profession developed, dentists have been trying to treat and properly inform people about the prevention of tooth decay. Researchers have linked as many as two to three hundred different bacterial species to the production of the decay. However, one specific bacteria has been linked to be the main pathogenic cause of cavities, Streptococcus Mutans.
Tooth decay is the breakdown of enamel on the dentin in the oral cavity. It can be a problem for anyone of any age. However, decay is more common among children. Streptococcus Mutans are facultative anaerobes that are found in the human oral cavity. They are gram-positive cocci shaped bacteria and is a major cause of tooth decay. Tooth decay can dramatically influence the health of a person if not taken care of.
Streptococcus Mutans can be found located on the teeth appearing as a chalky white spot on the surface of the tooth indicating an area of demineralization of enamel, which is commonly referred to as a carious lesion. Tooth decay can damage, not only health, but has an impact on one’s self-esteem as well.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Kaley Johnson, CDA Certified Dental Assistant Dr Harold Brown
JOURNAL: The Journal of Dental Hygiene Assistant
PUBLISHER: The American Dental Assistants Association
https://www.adaausa.org | 3 | | R370.00 | |
| | The Frequency of Dietary Advice Provision in a Dental Hygiene Clinic: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. | The Frequency of Dietary Advice Provision in a Dental Hygiene Clinic: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.
The Frequency of Dietary Advice Provision in a Dental Hygiene Clinic: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.
OVERVIEW
There exists a close relationship between diet and oral health. There is equally a wealth of infor¬mation that demonstrates the impact diet has on dental diseases, such as dental caries as well as ero¬sion.
Dental caries occurs when bacteria in the oral cavity metabolize fermentable carbohydrates and organic acids are produced, causing demin¬eralization of hard tooth structure. Hence, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the frequency of dietary advice provision by dental hygiene students. The data for this study was obtained from clinical records of third-year students of Bachelor of Oral Health at the University of Newcastle. This study however investigated the associations between demographics, treatment provided and frequency of dietary advice. Results from this study nevertheless indicated that dietary advice was provided infrequently by dental hygiene students, with only 6.48% of all patients seen during the 12-month period receiving dietary advice. This finding was equally an indication that dietary advice is provided infrequently by dental hygiene students.
It was concluded that more research is required to strengthen the findings and equally investigate barriers to dietary advice provi¬sion, as well as perceptions of dental practitioners regarding dietary advice.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Melanie J. Hayes, Johanna Franki, Jane A. Taylo,
JOURNAL: Journal of Dental Hygiene
PUBLISHER: American Dental Hygienists’ Association
URL: http://www.adha.org | 3 | | R350.00 | |
| | The Temporomandibular Joint: Examination of the TMJ. | The Temporomandibular Joint: Examination of the TMJ.
The Temporomandibular Joint: Examination of the TMJ.
Patricia H Trott.
This course will concentrate on examination of the TMJ and also briefly cover examination of other structures for dysfunction related to the TMJ. Examination is discussed under two main sections:
Subjective examination, in which patients are questioned about their symptoms, how they interfere with daily activities and the history of the symptoms; Objective examination, the physical examination of musculoskeletal structures.
Examination of the TMJ should include the examination of dental occlusion, masticatory muscles, suprahyoid muscles, the upper cervical spine and the cervical musculature, as all these structures are functionally interdependent.
The functional interdependence of the TMJs with dental occlusion and with the upper cervical spine is outlined. Due to this interdependence and to overlapping presentation of pain referral from the TMJs and from the upper cervical spine, it is essential that the clinician examine in details these structures as possible sources of symptoms in patients with facial pain and headache. | 3 | | R400.00 | |
| | The Temporomandibular Joint: Integrated Approach Manual Therapy and Exercise. | The Temporomandibular Joint: Integrated Approach Manual Therapy and Exercise.
The Temporomandibular Joint: Integrated Approach Manual Therapy and Exercise.
OVERVIEW
At the time of initial consultation Catherine was a 33-year-old female production operator in a factory and has one young child. She was sedentary, but had been a ballet dancer until her mid-twenties. Catherine was referred by an ear nose and throat (ENT) surgeon who stated in his accompanying letter: ‘Her problems are well advanced, but I think the under-lying cause needs to be managed before embarking on arthroscopy and surgical treatment’. Her dentist had eliminated the teeth as a source of pain.
TMJ affects millions of people around the world, most of whom are young women. Because the condition is multifactorial in nature (articular, myofascial, intra articular disc, cervical spine and stress) it is a challenging disorder to treat,
This online course will demonstrate how manual therapy techniques can be applied to render the movement painless as well as help to maintain correct anatomical relationships between the affected components while normal movement patterns are re-established. | 3 | | R400.00 | |
| | The Temporomandibular Joint: Treatment of the TMJ: Part 1. | The Temporomandibular Joint: Treatment of the TMJ: Part 1.
The Temporomandibular Joint: Treatment of the TMJ: Part 1.
OVERVIEW
The reader is encouraged to take examination of TMJ part 1 and part 2 prior to embarking on this home study.
The management of the common clinical syndromes presented in this course are: myofascial pain dysfunction (MPD) syndrome; post-fracture of the mandible and/or maxilla; post-extraction of wisdom teeth; TMJ osteoarthritis; TMJ clicking; Pain secondary to new or remodeled dentures; TMJ locking; headache, earache, facial pain presentation of these clinical symptoms will serve to emphasise that in many cases, the symptoms are multifactorial in aetiology and may require diagnostic and treatment skills of dentists, doctors and physiotherapists.
In this course, the author builds on material presented in previous two correspondence studies which details with examination of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The list of syndromes described is by no means exhaustive, rather it represents those most frequently presenting to the author, either in her position as a lecturer in this field (to the Schools of Physiotherapy and Dentistry) or in her private practice.
This multidisciplinary approach has been found to offer solutions to complex problems. | 3 | | R400.00 | |
| | The Temporomandibular Joint: Treatment of the TMJ: Part 2. | The Temporomandibular Joint: Treatment of the TMJ: Part 2.
The Temporomandibular Joint: Treatment of the TMJ: Part 2.
OVERVIEW
The reader is encouraged to take examination of TMJ part 1 and part 2 prior to embarking on this home study.
The management of the common clinical syndromes presented in this course are: myofascial pain dysfunction (MPD) syndrome; post-fracture of the mandible and/or maxilla; post-extraction of wisdom teeth; TMJ osteoarthritis; TMJ clicking; Pain secondary to new or remodeled dentures; TMJ locking; headache, earache, facial pain presentation of these clinical symptoms will serve to emphasise that in many cases, the symptoms are multifactorial in aetiology and may require diagnostic and treatment skills of dentists, doctors and physiotherapists.
In this course, the author builds on material presented in previous two correspondence studies which details with examination of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The list of syndromes described is by no means exhaustive, rather it represents those most frequently presenting to the author, either in her position as a lecturer in this field (to the Schools of Physiotherapy and Dentistry) or in her private practice.
This multidisciplinary approach has been found to offer solutions to complex problems. This is the 2nd part of this online course. | 3 | | R400.00 | |
| | Therapeutic oral rinsing with commercially available products: Position paper and statement from the Canadian Dental Hygienists Association. | Therapeutic oral rinsing with commercially available products: Position paper and statement from the Canadian Dental Hygienists Association.
Therapeutic oral rinsing with commercially available products: Position paper and statement from the Canadian Dental Hygienists Association.
OVERVIEW
Mechanical methods of oral hygiene have been shown insufficient in controlling biofilm and preventing the initiation and progression of gingival inflammation and disease. This position paper updates and replaces the 2006 Canadian Dental Hygienists Association position paper on oral rinsing to guide dental hygienists and other dental professionals in making client recommendations. These findings provide the impetus for additional research and the broader use of therapeutic oral rinses by adults.
Based on the current research, dental hygienists are encouraged to recommend oral rinsing with a commercially available therapeutic over-the-counter oral rinse (mouthwash) to their adult clients as a long-term complement to usual mechanical plaque control measures. An accumulation of research, including well-conducted long-term clinical studies (=6 months), has shown that oral rinses with a fixed combination of 3 essential oils along with other ingredient(s) produce statistically and clinically significant reductions in plaque and gingival inflammation beyond that accomplished by mechanical means alone.
While prescription chlorhexidine gluconate oral rinse has been the gold standard about reductions in plaque and gingival inflammation parameters, it is recommended for short-term use only due to a negative side effect profile.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Joanna Asadoorian, PhD, RDH
JOURNAL: The Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene
PUBLISHER: The Canadian Dental Hygienist Associations
http://www.cdha.ca
| 3 | | R375.00 | |
| | Tobacco Interventions by Dentists and Dental Hygienists. | Tobacco Interventions by Dentists and Dental Hygienists.
Tobacco Interventions by Dentists and Dental Hygienists.
OVERVIEW
Tobacco use is a modifiable risk factor for oral disease. Dental professionals can reduce the burden of oral and overall health by influencing tobacco use. Results of electronic searches for literature indicated progress in tobacco interventions in dentistry. Patients believed that dentists should routinely offer smoking cessation services, and those interested in quitting felt comfortable receiving advice about quitting.
Dental professionals were aware of the importance of tobacco interventions. However, tobacco intervention practices were limited or restricted, and dental professionals have not fully embraced opportunities for tobacco intervention. A consistently reported barrier was the lack of training. Although various factors were identified as barriers and facilitators, few study assessed structure for the implementation of tobacco interventions.
Tobacco-related education of undergraduate students has been recognized as an important issue. Globally, most dental students recognized themselves as role models in society and believed they should receive training. However, few reported receiving such formal training.
Dental researchers and educators around the world should explore new knowledge and exchange experiences to make full use of the unique opportunity of providing dental interventions against tobacco use.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Authors:
Takashi Hanioka, Miki Ojima, Yoko Kawaguchi, Yukio Hirata,Hiroshi Ogawe, Yumiko Mochizuki
Journal:
Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute
Publisher:
Elsevier
| 3 | | R390.00 | |