 | | Cognitive function in patients undergoing cystectomy for bladder cancer – results from a prospective observational study. | Cognitive function in patients undergoing cystectomy for bladder cancer – results from a prospective observational study.
Cognitive function in patients undergoing cystectomy for bladder cancer – results from a prospective observational study.
Overview
Impaired cognitive function of bladder cancer patients plays a role in coping with the kind of urinary diversion and may impact perioperative morbidity. In this study we therefore aimed to assess the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in patients undergoing radical cystectomy.
Secondary objectives included correlation of common cognition tests, assessment of the admitting physician, and perioperative complication rates.
Patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer were prospectively screened by neuropsychological tests including cognition tests [DemTect (Dementia Detection test), MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination), clock drawing test] prior to surgery. Mild cognitive impairment was observed in more than a quarter of radical cystectomy patients prior to surgery. Preoperative assessment should be supplemented by neuropsychological testing such as the DemTect as mild cognitive impairment is often underestimated and associated with significantly higher perioperative complication rates. | 3 | | R425.00 |  |
| | Ototoxicity Monitoring in South African Cancer Facilities: A Mational Survey | Ototoxicity Monitoring in South African Cancer Facilities: A Mational Survey
Ototoxicity Monitoring in South African Cancer Facilities: A Mational Survey
National information regarding ototoxicity monitoring practices is limited for patients undergoing chemotherapy in South Africa. The objective of this study was to determine the national status of ototoxicity monitoring implemented in private and public cancer facilities, the knowledge and ototoxicity monitoring approaches implemented, and reported challenges.
All public oncology units reported that ototoxicity monitoring only occurs on referral and is not standard practice. All private oncology units indicated that monitoring is on a patient self-referral basis when symptoms occur. Poor awareness of ototoxicity monitoring best practice guidelines was reported by all oncology units and 14% of audiology referral clinics. Audiology referral clinics reported adequate knowledge of ototoxicity protocols although they are not widely used with only 43% following best practice guidelines.
The most prominent challenges reported by participants was referral system (67% oncology units; 57% audiology referral clinics), environmental noise (83% oncology units; 86% audiology referral clinics) and the compromised status of cancer patients (67% oncology units; 57% audiology referral clinics).
Journal South African Journal of Communication Disorders
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Toward Improved Outcomes for Patients with Lung Cancer Globally: The Essential Role of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine | Toward Improved Outcomes for Patients with Lung Cancer Globally: The Essential Role of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine
Toward Improved Outcomes for Patients with Lung Cancer Globally: The Essential Role of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine
Key to achieving better population-based outcomes for patients with lung cancer is the improvement of medical imaging and nuclear medicine infrastructure globally. This paper aims to outline why and spark relevant health systems strengthening. The paper synthesizes the global lung cancer landscape, imaging referral guidelines (including resource-stratified ones), the reliance of TNM staging upon imaging, relevant multinational health technology assessments, and precisely how treatment selection and in turn patient outcomes hinge upon imaging findings. The final discussion presents data on current global gaps in both diagnostics (including imaging) and therapies and how, informed by such data, improved population-based outcomes are tangible through strategic planning.
Imaging findings are central to appropriate lung cancer patient management and can variably lead to life-prolonging interventions and/or to life-enhancing palliative measures. Early-stage lung cancer can be treated with curative intent but, unfortunately, most patients with lung cancer still present at advanced stages and many patients lack access to both diagnostics and therapies. Furthermore, half of lung cancer cases occur in low- and middle-income countries. The role of medical imaging and nuclear medicine in lung cancer management, as outlined herein, may help inform strategic planning.
Journal JCO Global Oncology | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Diagnostic performance of tomosynthesis, digital mammography and a dedicated digital specimen radiography system versus pathological assessment of excised breast lesions | Diagnostic performance of tomosynthesis, digital mammography and a dedicated digital specimen radiography system versus pathological assessment of excised breast lesions
Diagnostic performance of tomosynthesis, digital mammography and a dedicated digital specimen radiography system versus pathological assessment of excised breast lesions
Breast conserving surgery (BCS) is an established treatment modality for early breast cancer, offering better aesthetic results and less morbidity, without compromising survival, compared with radical mastectomy. The aim of the study was to com pare the performance of full-field digital mammography (FFDM), digital breast tomosynthesis and a dedicated digital specimen radiography system (SRS) in consecutive patients, and to compare the margin status of resected lesions versus pathological assessment.
It was concluded that Tomosynthesis was superior to SRS and FFDM for detecting and evaluating the target lesions, spiculations and calcifications, and was therefore more reliable for assessing complete excision of breast lesions.
Journal Radiology and oncology
| 3 | | R480.00 | |
| | 18F-FDG PET/CT for the Evaluation of Therapy Response in Hormone Receptor–Positive Bone-Dominant Metastatic Breast Cancer | 18F-FDG PET/CT for the Evaluation of Therapy Response in Hormone Receptor–Positive Bone-Dominant Metastatic Breast Cancer
18F-FDG PET/CT for the Evaluation of Therapy Response in Hormone Receptor–Positive Bone-Dominant Metastatic Breast Cancer
Despite increasing therapeutic options, breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women. Bone is the most common site of metastasis in breast cancer, particularly in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)–positive tumors. Bone metastases can greatly affect quality of life.In patients with bone-dominant (BD) ER–positive metastatic breast cancer (mBC), endocrine therapy (ET) offers a targeted therapeutic approach with a favorable toxicity profile.
Fluorine 18 (18F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT has shown promise for use in assessing treatment response in patients with bone-only or bone-dominant (BD) metastatic breast cancer. PET imaging with fluorine 18 (18F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) holds promise in monitoring BD mBC. By imaging tumour glucose metabolism, 18F-FDG PET circumvents the deficiencies of using the osseous reaction to tumor as a proxyfor tumor response.
Journal Radiology: Imaging Cancer | 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | Society of Interventional Radiology Multidisciplinary Position Statement on Percutaneous Ablation of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Metastatic Disease to the Lungs | Society of Interventional Radiology Multidisciplinary Position Statement on Percutaneous Ablation of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Metastatic Disease to the Lungs
Society of Interventional Radiology Multidisciplinary Position Statement on Percutaneous Ablation of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Metastatic Disease to the Lungs
Overview The purpose of this study is to state the Society of Interventional Radiology's position on the use of image-guided thermal ablation for the treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer, recurrent lung cancer, and metastatic disease to the lung. A multidisciplinary writing group, with expertise in treating lung cancer, conducted a comprehensive literature search to identify studies on the topic of interest. Recommendations were drafted and graded according to the updated SIR evidence grading system. A modified Delphi technique was used to achieve consensus agreement on the recommendation statements. A total of 63 studies, including existing systematic reviews and meta-analysis, retrospective cohort studies, and single-arm trials were identified. The expert writing group developed and agreed on 7 recommendations on the use of image-guided thermal ablation in the lung. It was concluded that SIR considers image-guided thermal ablation to be an acceptable treatment option for patients with inoperable Stage I NSCLC, those with recurrent NSCLC, as well as patients with metastatic lung disease. Authors Scott J. Genshaft, MD, Robert D. Suh, MD, Fereidoun Abtin, MD, Mark O. Baerlocher, MD, Albert J. Chang, MD, Sean R. Dariushnia, MD, A. Michael Devane, MD, Salomao Faintuch, MD, MS, Elizabeth A. Himes, BS, Aaron Lisberg, MD, Siddharth Padia, MD, Sheena Patel, MPH, Alda L. Tam, MD, MBA, and Jane Yanagawa, MD Journal J Vasc Interv Radiol
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Educational program in onco-urology for young urologists: What are their needs? | Educational program in onco-urology for young urologists: What are their needs?
Educational program in onco-urology for young urologists: What are their needs?
Overview The emergence of new communication media such as digital contents are progressively replacing more traditional medias in the field of educational programs. Our purpose was to assess urologist in training aspirations regarding urological education. Members of a national urologist in training association were sent an anonymous online questionnaire regarding their medical formation in the field of urology. Responders interest for urological sub-specialty or education support (new tools and traditional support) were evaluated through a 5-point Likert scale. Overall, 109 young urologists (26%) responded to the survey. Urologic oncology was a priority regarding education for urologists in training. A majority of participants expressed a lack in their surgical education, revealing a reduced OR access and underlining utilization of new tools such as simulation. New digital contents such as social media or podcast achieved high interest for the participants, instead of more traditional media. It was founded that there is a need for educational content evolve and uses new digital media. Authors U. Pinar, L. Fretonb, B. Gondran-Tellier, M. Vallée, I. Dominiquee, M. Felber, Z.-E. Khene, E. Fortier, F. Lannes, C. Michiels, T. Grevez, N. Szablai, F. Bardetj, K. Kaulanjank, E. Seizilles de Mazancourtl, X. Matillonl, B. Pradere Journal Progrès en urologie
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Advisor high-definition HD Grid catheter for mapping accessory pathways in pediatrics | Advisor high-definition HD Grid catheter for mapping accessory pathways in pediatrics
Advisor high-definition HD Grid catheter for mapping accessory pathways in pediatrics
Overview Intracardiac mapping of accessory pathways has continued to evolve and contribute to high success rates for catheter ablations in pediatrics, ranging from 78% to 98%. Pediatric accessory pathways are common and historically have had a high cure rate with ablation. There are new techniques and technologies being developed to potentially increase efficacy of ablation with improved mapping. With 3-dimensional electroanatomic mapping, increasing point density improves the accuracy of substrate prediction and modeling, particularly as the course of atrioventricular (AV) accessory pathways can be variable, with oblique atrial and ventricular insertion sites or multiple pathways that make accurate mapping challenging. There may be a role in utilizing open-window mapping and the HD Grid catheter (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL) to delineate difficult or refractory accessory pathways in pediatric. The Advisor high-density HD Grid catheter (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL) allows for bipolar recordings on 2 orthogonal planes among 18 electrodes to facilitate both the identification of small-amplitude high-frequency electrical impulses and the direction of impulse propagation. Although several adult studies have shown the utility of the HD Grid for mapping arrhythmia substrate including accessory pathways, there is no knowledge of studies showing the utilization of the HD Grid for mapping accessory pathways in pediatrics. In this case series, the initial experience utilizing the HD Grid for mapping accessory pathways in the pediatric population is described and finds that the new technology allowing for bipolar orthogonal electrograms can be safely used in the pediatric population.
Authors Michael Nguyen, DO, Johannes C. von Alvensleben, MD, Martin Runciman, MD, FHRS,Kathryn K. Collins Journal Heart Rhythm Case Reports | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | HIV and Aids | HIV and Aids
Overview
HIV disease is caused by infection with HIV-1 or HIV-2, which are retroviruses in the Retroviridae family, Lentivirus genus. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a blood-borne virus typically transmitted via sexual intercourse, shared intravenous drug paraphernalia, and mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), which can occur during the birth process or during breastfeeding. The patient with HIV may present with signs and symptoms of any of the stages of HIV infection. No physical findings are specific to HIV infection; the physical findings are those of the presenting infection or illness. Examples of manifestations include acute seroconversion manifests as a flulike illness, consisting of fever, malaise, generalized rash, generalized lymphadenopathy is common and may be a presenting symptom. This course covers the screening, diagnosis, medication and management of Aids.
Author: Sharespike | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Acute Leukemia Part 2 | Acute Leukemia Part 2
Overview There are various forms of acute Leukemia of which most of these are discussed in Parts 1 and 2 of this study. In Part 2 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is disccused. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (acute lymphocytic leukemia, ALL) is a malignant (clonal) disease of the bone marrow in which early lymphoid precursors proliferate and replace the normal hematopoietic cells of the marrow. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of cancer and leukemia in children in the United States. Median age at diagnosis is 16 years. ALL accounts for 74% of pediatric leukemia cases. Historically, patients with ALL were divided into three prognostic groups: good risk, intermediate risk, and poor risk.
In adults, ALL is less common than acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The American Cancer Society estimates that 6150 cases of ALL (adult and pediatric) will occur in the United States in 2020, resulting in 1520 deaths. The estimated 5-year survival is 68.6%. The favourable survival rate is due to the high cure rate of ALL in children. Prognosis declines with increasing age, and the median age at death is 56 years. Only 20-40% of adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are cured with current treatment regimens.
The diagnosis, treatment and effects of Leukemia are addressed here in Part 2.
Author Sharespike | 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Acute Leukemia Part 1 | Acute Leukemia Part 1
Overview There are various forms of acute Leukemia of which most of these are discussed in Parts 1 and 2 of this study. In Part 1 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia is disccused. This is a malignant (clonal) disease of the bone marrow in which early lymphoid precursors proliferate and replace the normal hematopoietic cells of the marrow. A proposed mechanism for some cases of childhood ALL is a two-step process of genetic mutation and exposure to infection. In contrast, most adults with ALL have no identifiable risk factors.
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a unique subtype of acute leukemia characterized by abnormal proliferation of promyelocytes, life-threatening coagulopathy, and the chromosome translocation. The discovery and elucidation of the molecular pathogenesis for APL has led to the introduction of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) therapies, which improved the prognosis of APL patients significantly.
The diagnosis, treatment and effects of these types of Leukemia are addressed.
Author Sharespike
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Differences in the Knowledge and Experience of Physicians and Dentists About Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Osteoporotic Patients | Differences in the Knowledge and Experience of Physicians and Dentists About Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Osteoporotic Patients
Differences in the Knowledge and Experience of Physicians and Dentists About Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Osteoporotic Patients
Overview Prevention of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients with osteoporosis requires the cooperation of physicians and dentists. This study investigated the knowledge, experience, and behaviour related to medical and dental cooperation for MRONJ prevention in patients with osteoporosis between physicians and dentists practising in the Shiga prefecture. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the cooperation between practising physicians and dentists for preventing osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in patients with osteoporosis using 2 separate questionnaires from July 28, 2018, to February 3, 2019. The behaviour of physicians and dentists was insufficient to enable medical and dental cooperation for the prevention of MRONJ in patients with osteoporosis. The lack of cooperation between physicians and dentists during osteoporosis treatment is documented in this study.
Authors Masashi Yamori, Mitsumasa Tamura, Masaki Mikami, Toshio Mori, Masaharu Noi, Yoshisato Machida, Shinya Koshinuma, Gaku Yamamoto Journal International Dental Journal | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Knowledge and Practice Regarding Oral Cancer: A Study Among Dentists in Jakarta, Indonesia | Knowledge and Practice Regarding Oral Cancer: A Study Among Dentists in Jakarta, Indonesia
Knowledge and Practice Regarding Oral Cancer: A Study Among Dentists in Jakarta, Indonesia
Overview The aim of this study was to assess dentists' knowledge of risk factors and diagnostic procedures related to oral cancer (OC) and to determine the factors that influenced their level of knowledge. A modified version of a questionnaire that had been used to assess dentists’ knowledge regarding OC in Canada was used. A total of 816 dentists were invited to participate in the study. The total response rate was 49.2%; however, the number of dentists from 5 regions in Jakarta were equally represented. Use of tobacco or alcohol and history of previous OC were the top 3 risk factors that were answered correctly by dentists, but there was a high proportion of dentists who considered some without any evidence as risk factors. Almost half of the dentists did not know the early signs of OC and that erythroplakia and leukoplakia were associated with increased risks of developing OC. Only about 27% of dentists had a high level of knowledge of risk factors and fewer dentists demonstrated a good knowledge of diagnostic procedures. Dentists’ age group, year of graduation, and experience of continuing education significantly influenced the level of knowledge of diagnostic procedures. Dentists in Jakarta had a considerable level of knowledge of major risk factors of OC, although some gaps in their knowledge, especially in diagnostic procedures, were present. Increasing these competencies may aid in the prevention and early detection of OC. Authors: Yuniardini Septorini Wimardhani, Saman Warnakulasuriya, Indriasti Indah Wardhany, Selvia Syahzaman, Yohana Agustina, Diah Ayu Maharani Journal: International Dental Journal
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | Desmoid fibromatosis of the pancreas: A case report with radiologic-pathologic correlation | Desmoid fibromatosis of the pancreas: A case report with radiologic-pathologic correlation
Desmoid fibromatosis of the pancreas: A case report with radiologic-pathologic correlation
Overview Pancreas is an exceptionally rare location for desmoid tumours. There are very few case reports of pancreatic fibromatosis in the English radiology literature. This article presents a case of a 45-year-old male with a mixed solid and cystic desmoid tumour of the pancreas which was surgically resected and was followed by recurrence in the mesentery. This will be the first case report of pancreatic desmoid with documented recurrence of fibromatosis in the mesentery which was also surgically resected and confirmed on pathology. In this case report, this entity’s radiological findings with pathology correlation, clinical findings and management were discussed along with literature review.
Authors Kanika Khanna, Fatemeh Abdollahi Mofakham, Darshan Gandhi, Nitin Jain
Journal Radiology Case Reports 15 (2020) 2324 – 2328
| 3 | | R440.00 | |
| | Delayed 18F FDG PET/CT Imaging in the Assessment of Residual Tumours after Transurethral Resection of Bladder Cancer | Delayed 18F FDG PET/CT Imaging in the Assessment of Residual Tumours after Transurethral Resection of Bladder Cancer
Delayed 18F FDG PET/CT Imaging in the Assessment of Residual Tumours after Transurethral Resection of Bladder Cancer
Overview This study is to determine the diagnostic performance of delayed 18F FDG PET/CT in the differentiation of residual tumours from postoperative inflammatory reactions in patients with bladder cancer after initial transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT).
A retrospective clinical study between January 2015 and April 2018 was performed in 79 patients with bladder cancer who had undergone 18F FDG PET/CT within 1 month after initial TURBT. After PET/CT, all patients underwent a second surgery within 2 weeks to confirm the histologic nature of the suspicious lesion and to remove residual tumours. Uni- and multivariable analysis were used to identify predictive factors for residual bladder tumours.
It was concluded that the use of fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT to differentiate lesions after transurethral resection of bladder tumour indicates that higher mean standardized uptake values and greater lesion thickness are predictive factors for residual tumours in patients with bladder cancer after oncologic treatment.
Authors Hui Yan, Xiang Zhou, Xiaoyan Wang, Rui Li, Yiping Shi, Qian Xia, Liangrong Wan, Gang Huang, Jianjun Liu.
Journal Radiology Volume 293 Issue 1 | 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | Total robotic surgery for pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with rectal cancer anterior resection | Total robotic surgery for pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with rectal cancer anterior resection
Total robotic surgery for pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with rectal cancer anterior resection
Overview
Synchronous double malignancies, including carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater and rectal carcinoma, are generally uncommon occurrences in the gastrointestinal tract. The present study reports a case of a 37-year-old man who was incidentally found to suffer from carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater and rectal carcinoma. The duodenoscopy was performed and revealed an ulcerated and bulky ampulla of Vater, the biopsy from which revealed a moderate-differentiated adenocarcinoma, A local hospital colonoscopy confirmed a tumour located in rectal 7cm from the anal margin and biopsy-confirmed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma.
About such patient treatment, both open and laparoscopic surgery are restricted because of operation complexity, large injury, and poor cosmetic effect. surgery performed using Da Vinci robotic surgical system (DVSS). No evidence of recurrence or relapses was found in the first year after surgery. Although sporadic double malignancies are uncommon, they should be considered when evaluating cancer patients. Complex surgery performed by robotic surgery may became surgeon’s preferred treatment modality.
Acknowledgement
Authors QunGuang Jiang, TaiYuan Li, DongNing Liu and Cheng Tang,
Journal Medicine Volume 97 Issue 19
Publisher Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc
| 3 | | R389.00 | |
| | Prognostic significance of leukopenia during the induction phase in adult B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia | Prognostic significance of leukopenia during the induction phase in adult B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Prognostic significance of leukopenia during the induction phase in adult B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Overview
The association between chemotherapy-induced leukopenia and clinical outcome has been reported for several types of cancer. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the association of chemotherapy-induced leukopenia during the induction phase with the clinical outcome of adult B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Fifty-one cases of B-ALL, age =14 years, were reviewed.
The variables under consideration included age, sex, the initial white blood cell (WBC) count (WBC-0), as well as the WBC counts on days 8 (WBC-8), 15 (WBC-15), and 22 (WBC-22) during induction therapy, early bone marrow responses on day 15 during induction therapy, immunophenotype, and cytogenetics. Univariate analysis revealed that WBC-15 =0.40×109/L was significantly associated with inferior event-free survival (EFS) (hazard ratio [HR]=2.95, P=0.004) and overall survival (OS) (HR=2.92, P=0.015).
On multivariate analysis, high WBC-15 (=0.40×109/L) remained an independent prognostic factor for EFS (HR=3.29, P=0.014) and OS (HR=3.29, P=0.038). Our results suggested that WBC-15 may contribute to refinements in the current risk stratification algorithms for adult B-ALL.
Acknowledgement
Authors Chongyun Xing, Bin Liang, Junqing Wu, Qianqian Yang, Gang Hu, Ye Yan, Yu Zhang, Songfu Jiang, Kang Yu and Jianhua Feng
Journal Cancer Management and Research
| 3 | | R400.00 | |
| | Protocol for the systematic review of the reporting of transoral robotic surgery | Protocol for the systematic review of the reporting of transoral robotic surgery
Protocol for the systematic review of the reporting of transoral robotic surgery
Overview
This will be a comprehensive review of transoral robotic surgery and will track its innovative evolution since first published description to present day. Inclusion of all study types will allow identification of good and poor examples of the descriptions of innovative invasive procedures. The methods described are applicable to reviews of any innovative surgical or other invasive procedure.
Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) has been adopted in some parts of the world as an innovative approach to the resection of oropharyngeal tumours. The development, details and outcomes of early-to-later phase evaluation of this technique and the quality of evidence to support its adoption into practice have hitherto not been summarised. The aim of this review is to identify and summarise the early and later phase studies of, and evidence for, TORS and to understand how early phase studies report intervention development, governance procedures and selection and reporting of outcomes to optimise methods for using the Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment, Long-term follow-up (IDEAL) framework for surgical innovation that informs evidence based practice. The protocol has been written in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols checklist.
Acknowledgement
Authors Barry G Main, Natalie S Blencowe, Noah Howes, Sian Cousins, Kerry N L Avery, Alexander Gormley, Phil Radford, Daisy Elliott, Benjamin Byrne, Nicholas Wilson, Robert Hinchliffe, Jane M Blazeby,
Journal
BMJ Open
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Pharmacological and Dietary Factors in preventing Colorectal Cancer | Pharmacological and Dietary Factors in preventing Colorectal Cancer
Pharmacological and Dietary Factors in preventing Colorectal Cancer
Overview
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent neoplasm worldwide and fourth most frequent reason of cancer-related death throughout the world. About 70% of malignant tumours are related to lifestyle and environmental factors, and better knowledge of their significance might reduce the prevalence of CRC. The cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitory and other direct and indirect pathways of aspirin are translated to inhibition proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of cancer cells.
A high energy diet consisting of red meat, animal fat, highly processed foods and unsaturated fats increases the risk of CRC. Carcinogenic role of fat and cholesterol depends on increased production of primary bile acids. Fruits, vegetables and grain are considered to have protective effects against adenoma and CRC. Excessive alcohol consumption, smoking and physical inactivity are considered as important CRC risk factors.
This article briefly summarizes current state of knowledge about the role of pharmacological and dietary prevention of colorectal cancer. Moreover, it indicates that despite many studies some aspects of this issue are not clear and require future studies.
Acknowledgement
Author M. Waluga, M. Zorniak, J. Fichna, M. Kukla and M. Hartleb
Journal Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 2018
| 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | Prospective cohort study comparing quality of life and sexual health outcomes between women undergoing robotic, laparoscopic and open surgery for endometrial cancer | Prospective cohort study comparing quality of life and sexual health outcomes between women undergoing robotic, laparoscopic and open surgery for endometrial cancer
Prospective cohort study comparing quality of life and sexual health outcomes between women undergoing robotic, laparoscopic and open surgery for endometrial cancer
Overview
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynaecologic cancer in developed countries and has been increasing at a rate of over 2.5% per year in North America for the last decade [1]. Most women are diagnosed at an early stage and surgery is the primary treatment, including total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and surgical staging, which can include pelvic and para-aortic lymph node assessment [2].
This online course aims at evaluating patient-reported outcomes (PROs) between women treated by laparoscopic, robotic and open approaches for endometrial cancer. Historically, the preferred surgical approach for treatment of endometrial cancer has been laparotomy. However, multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing laparoscopy to laparotomy have reported decreases in postoperative complication rates and length of hospital stay in women undergoing laparoscopy [3–6]. Importantly, there appears to be no difference in disease-free and overall survival in those women treated by a minimally invasive approach [6,7]. Based on these findings, laparoscopy, and more recently robotic surgeries, have become standard surgical approaches for endometrial cancer.
It was concluded that minimally invasive approaches result in improved QOL beyond the short-term postoperative
Acknowledgement
Author Sarah E. Ferguson, Tony Panzarella, Susie Lau, Lilian T. Given, Vanessa Samouëlian, Christopher Giede, Helen Steedi, Tien Le, Ben Renkosinski, Marcus Q, Bernardini,
Journal
Gynecologic Oncology
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Robotic radical hysterectomy is superior to laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and open radical hysterectomy in the treatment of cervical cancer | Robotic radical hysterectomy is superior to laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and open radical hysterectomy in the treatment of cervical cancer
Robotic radical hysterectomy is superior to laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and open radical hysterectomy in the treatment of cervical cancer
Overview
Cervical cancer (CC) continues to be a global burden for women, with higher incidence and mortality rates reported annually. Many countries have witnessed a dramatic reduction in the prevalence of CC due to widely accessed robotic radical hysterectomy (RRH). This network meta-analysis aims to compare intra-operative and postoperative outcomes in way of RRH, laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LTH) and open radical hysterectomy (ORH) in the treatment of early-stage CC. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane Library and EMBASE databases was performed from inception to June 2016. Clinical controlled trials (CCTs) of above three hysterectomies in the treatment of early-stage CC were included in this study. Seventeen 17 CCTs were ultimately enrolled in this network meta-analysis. The network meta-analysis showed that patients treated by RRH and LRH had lower estimated blood loss compared to patients treated by ORH. the SUCRA value of three radical hysterectomies showed that patients receiving RRH illustrated better conditions on intra-operative blood loss, operation time, the number of resected lymph nodes, length of hospital stay and intra-operative and postoperative complications, while patients receiving ORH demonstrated relatively poorer conditions.
Acknowledgement
Authors Yue-Mei Jin, Shan-Shan Liu, Jun Chen, Yan-Nan Chen and Chen-Chen Ren
Journal PLoS ONE
| 3 | | R415.00 | |
| | Imaging of Precision Therapy for Lung Cancer: Current State of the Art | Imaging of Precision Therapy for Lung Cancer: Current State of the Art
Imaging of Precision Therapy for Lung Cancer: Current State of the Art
Overview
Advances in characterization of molecular and genomic abnormalities specific to lung cancer have made precision therapy the current standard of care for lung cancer treatment. This article will provide a cutting-edge review of imaging of lung cancer in the current era of precision medicine. The focus of the article includes (a) an update on the recent advances in precision therapy for non-small cell lung cancer and their implications on imaging; (b) molecular and genomic biomarkers and pitfalls of image interpretations for lung cancer precision therapy; and (c) review of the current approaches and future directions of precision imaging for lung cancer, emphasizing emerging observations in longitudinal tumour kinetics, radiomics, and molecular and functional imaging. The article is designed to help radiologists to remain up to date in the rapidly evolving world of lung cancer therapy and serve as key members of multidisciplinary teams caring for these patients.
Authors Hyesun Park, Lynette M. Sholl, Hiroto Hatabu, Mark M. Awad, Mizuki Nishino
Journal Radiology
| 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | Technique for single axillary incision robotic assisted quadrantectomy and immediate partial breast reconstruction with robotic latissimus dorsi flap harvest for breast cancer | Technique for single axillary incision robotic assisted quadrantectomy and immediate partial breast reconstruction with robotic latissimus dorsi flap harvest for breast cancer
Technique for single axillary incision robotic assisted quadrantectomy and immediate partial breast reconstruction with robotic latissimus dorsi flap harvest for breast cancer
Overview
The clinical application of robotic surgery in breast conserving surgery or volume replacement with robotic latissimus dorsi flap harvest (RLDFH) has been rarely reported. In this study, we report the preliminary experience and clinical outcome of robotic assisted quadrantectomy (RAQ) and immediate partial breast reconstruction (IPBR) with RLDFH.
The post-operative recovery was smooth except for seroma formation over the back, which was relieved after repeated aspiration at an outpatient clinic. The patient was satisfied with the post-operative scar and aesthetic outcome. No local recurrence, distant metastasis or case mortality was found during 5 months of follow-up. RAQ and IPBR with RLDFH is a safe alternative for small-to-medium-breast-size women with breast cancer who desire breast conservation and are indicated for volume replacement with autologous latissimus dorsi flap.
Acknowledgement
Authors Hung-Wen Lai, Shou-Tung Chen, Shih-Lung Lin, Ya-Ling Lin, Hwa-Koon Wu, Shu-Hsin Pai, Dar-Ren Chen and Shou-Jen Kuo,
Journal
Medicine Baltimore
Publisher Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | A modified anthrax toxin-based enzyme linked immunospot assay reveals robust T cell responses in symptomatic and asymptomatic Ebola virus exposed individuals | A modified anthrax toxin-based enzyme linked immunospot assay reveals robust T cell responses in symptomatic and asymptomatic Ebola virus exposed individuals
A modified anthrax toxin-based enzyme linked immunospot assay reveals robust T cell responses in symptomatic and asymptomatic Ebola virus exposed individuals
Overview
Ebola virus (EBOV) caused more than 11,000 deaths during the 2013 ± 2016 epidemic in West Africa without approved vaccines or immunotherapeutic. Despite its high lethality in some individuals, EBOV infection can produce little to no symptoms in others. A better understanding of the immune responses in individuals who experienced minimally symptomatic and asymptomatic infection could aid the development of more effective vaccines and antivirals against EBOV and related filoviruses.
The West African Ebola virus (EBOV) outbreak is the largest on record with over 28,000 reported symptomatic cases and more than 11,000 deaths. We developed a simple and inexpensive modified anthrax toxin based ELISPOT assay to detect and characterize the T cell responses elicited by prior exposure to EBOV. Our data show robust T cell responses to several EBOV proteins in individuals who experienced both severe and asymptomatic EBOV infections. These results provide further evidence that EBOV transmission events can go undetected. We also show that the seropositive asymptomatic individuals have stronger T cell responses compared to survivors, which has important implications for vaccine development.
Acknowledgement
Authors Bobby Brooke Herrera, Donald J. Hamel, Philip Oshun, Rolake Akinsola, Alani S. Akanmu, Charlotte A. Chang, Philomena Eromon, Onikepe Folarin, Kayode T. Adeyemi, Christian T. Happi, Yichen Lu, Folasade Ogunsola, Phyllis J. Kank
Journal PLoS Neglected Tropical Disease | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Extracorporeal human whole blood in motion, as a tool to predict first-infusion reactions and mechanism-of-action of immune-therapeutics | Extracorporeal human whole blood in motion, as a tool to predict first-infusion reactions and mechanism-of-action of immune-therapeutics
Extracorporeal human whole blood in motion, as a tool to predict first-infusion reactions and mechanism-of-action of immune-therapeutics
Overview
First infusion reactions along with severe anaphylactic responses can occur as a result of systemic administration of therapeutic antibodies. The underlying mechanisms by which monoclonal antibodies induce cytokine release syndrome (CRS) can involve direct agonistic effects via the drug target, or a combination of target-engagement along with innate receptor interactions.
One assay that has not been assessed for its capacity to predict CRS is the modified Chandler loop model. On the other hand, non-agonistic antibodies associated with no or low infusion reactions in the clinic, namely cetuximab and natalizumab, neither induce cytokine release nor cause false positive responses. Additionally, the value of an intact complement system in the assay is highlighted by the possibility to dissect out the mechanism-of-action of alemtuzumab and rituximab. The loop assay can either complement lymph node-like assays or stand-alone to investigate drug/blood interactions during preclinical development, or for individual safety screening prior to first-in-man clinical trial.
Acknowledgement
Authors Erika A.K. Fletcher, Mohamed Eltahir, Frida Lindqvist, Jonas Rieth, Gunilla Törnqvist, Justyna Leja-Jarblad and Sara M. Mangsbo
Journal International Immunopharmacology Volume 54
| 3 | | R410.00 | |
| | Flax oil from transgenic Linum Usitatissimum | Flax oil from transgenic Linum Usitatissimum
Flax oil from transgenic Linum Usitatissimum
Overview
Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) - an annual plant, primarily cultivated for industrial purposes, as a source of fibers and oil, was recently genetically modified in order to enhance wound healing properties of the fibers.
Emulsions made of oils from transgenic flaxseeds significantly decreased in vitro proliferation of six tested human cancer cell lines in 48-h cultures. However, the emulsions also increased proliferation rate of normal human dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Both inhibition of in vitro proliferation of human cancer cell lines and stimulation of proliferation of normal dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes were especially strong with the emulsion type B and with emulsion type M.
Flaxseeds oils from transgenic plants could be considered as valuable adjunct to standard cytostatic drugs in the treatment course of human cancers and can be used to improve skin wound healing. Further in vitro studies should be focused on evaluation of intracellular content of the cytostatic drugs in cancer cells cultured in the presence of the tested emulsions.
Acknowledgement
Authors Tomasz Gebarowski, Katarzyna Gebczak, Benita Wiatrak, Anna Kulma, Katarzyna Pelc, Tadeusz Czuj, Jan Szopa and Kazimierz Gasiorowski.
Journal Acta Pol Pharm. Volume 74 Issue 2
| 3 | | R460.00 | |
| | In vitro immunotherapy potency assays using real-time cell analysis | In vitro immunotherapy potency assays using real-time cell analysis
In vitro immunotherapy potency assays using real-time cell analysis
Overview
A growing understanding of the molecular interactions between immune effector cells and target tumour cells, coupled with refined gene therapy approaches, are giving rise to novel cancer immuno-therapeutics with remarkable efficacy in the clinic against both solid and liquid tumours. Therefore, there is an urgent need for functional potency assays, in vitro and in vivo, that could model the complex interaction of immune cells with tumour cells and can be used to rapidly test the efficacy of different immunotherapy approaches, whether it is small molecule, biologics, cell therapies or combinations thereof.
Herein we report the development of an xCELLigence real-time cytolytic in vitro potency assay that uses cellular impedance to continuously monitor the viability of target tumour cells while they are being subjected to different types of treatments. In summary, our results demonstrate the xCELLigence platform to be well suited for potency assays, providing quantitative assessment with high reproducibility and a greatly simplified workflow.
Acknowledgement
Author Fabio Cerignoli, Yama A. Abassi, Brandon J. Lamarche, Garret Guenther, David Santa Ana, Diana Guimet, Wen Zhang, Jing Zhang and Biao Xi
Journal PLoS ONE Volume 13 Issue 3
Publisher Cross Mark
| 3 | | R360.00 | |
| | Incidental Statin Use and the Risk of Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack after Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer | Incidental Statin Use and the Risk of Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack after Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer
Incidental Statin Use and the Risk of Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack after Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer
Overview
Interventions to reduce the risk for cerebrovascular events (CVE; stroke and transient ischemic attack [TIA]) after radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNCA) are needed. We aimed to test whether incidental statin use at the time of RT is associated with a lower rate of CVEs after RT for HNCA.
From an institutional database we identified all consecutive subjects treated with neck RT from 2002 to 2012 for HNCA. Data collection and event adjudication was performed by blinded teams. The primary outcome was a composite of ischemic stroke and TIA. The secondary outcome was ischemic stroke. The association between statin use and events was determined using Cox proportional hazard models after adjustment for traditional and RT-specific risk factors.
Incidental statin use at the time of RT for HNCA is associated with a lower risk of stroke or TIA.
Acknowledgement
Authors
Daniel Addison, Patrick R. Lawler, Hamed Emami, Sumbal A. Janjua, Pedro V. Staziaki, Travis R. Hallett, Orla Hennessy, Hang Lee, Bálint Szilveszter, Michael Lu, Negar Mousavi, Matthew G. Nayor, Francesca N. Delling, Javier M. Romero, Lori J. Wirth, Annie W. Chan, Udo Hoffmann, Tomas G. Neilan
Journal Journal of Stroke Publisher Cross Mark | 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Cancer and Heart Failure: Understanding the Intersection. | Cancer and Heart Failure: Understanding the Intersection.
Cancer and Heart Failure: Understanding the Intersection.
Overview
Cancer and cardiovascular disease account for nearly half of all deaths in the US. The majority of cancer therapies are known to cause potential cardiac toxicity in some form. Patients with underlying cardiac disease are at a particularly increased risk for worse outcomes following cancer therapy.
Cardiac risk factors include but are not limited to age, female gender, history of myocardial infarction or LVD and tachycardia, as this may be an early sign of cardiac damage.44 Cardiac biomarkers may provide an additive role in this setting. For patients considered to be at higher risk for the development of cardiotoxicity, a cardio-oncology consultation should be offered.
Whether patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease require cancer therapy with potentially cardiotoxic agents or previously healthy patients develop cardiac complications from cancer therapy, a collaborative patient-centred approach between the cardiologist and oncologist is essential to successful patient care.
Most alarming is the potential for heart failure as a result of cancer treatment, which may lead to early disruption or withdrawal of life-saving cancer therapies and can potentially increase cardiovascular mortality. A multi-disciplinary cardio-oncology approach can improve outcomes through early surveillance, prevention and treatment strategies. Acknowledgement
Author Carine E Hamo and Michelle W Bloo Journal Cardiac Failure Review
Publisher Radcliffe Cardiology 2017
| 3 | | R425.00 | |
| | A Rare Cause of Abdominal Pain in Childhood: Cardiac Angiosarcoma | A Rare Cause of Abdominal Pain in Childhood: Cardiac Angiosarcoma
A Rare Cause of Abdominal Pain in Childhood: Cardiac Angiosarcoma
Overview
Cardiac angiosarcomas are extremely rare in childhood, they are rapidly progressive tumours that often present themselves as diagnostic dilemmas, resulting in delayed diagnosis. Also, extracardiac manifestations, including abdominal pain, are extremely rare in patients with intracardiac tumours. We herein present the case of a 15-year-old girl who presented with abdominal pain. Echocardiography and thoracic computed tomography showed right atrial mass.
Primary cardiac angiosarcomas in all age groups mostly occur in the right atrium. The most common complaints presented are dyspnea and chest pain, usually related to a malignant cardiac effusion. The pericardium is frequently involved with a right sided angiosarcoma; cardiac tamponade and pericardial effusion are common complications. Our patient had a massive pericardial effusion and malignant cells were seen in cytologic examination.
The patient underwent surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Eight months after treatment, abdominal recurrence was detected. The abdominal mass was resected, and radiotherapy and new chemotherapy protocol were given. The present case illustrates a rare case of primary cardiac angiosarcoma posing a diagnostic dilemma in an adolescent girl. Acknowledgement
Authors Elvan Caglar Citak, MD, PhD; Murat Ozeren, MD; M. Kerem Karaca, MD; Derya Karpuz, MD; Feryal Karahan, MD; Eda , Bengi Yilmaz, MD; Yuksel Balci, MD; Pelin Ozcan Kara, MD; Rabia Bozdogan Arpaci, MD Journal Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery
| 3 | | R460.00 | |
| | Antitumor Mechanisms of Curcumae Rhizoma Based on Network Pharmacology | Antitumor Mechanisms of Curcumae Rhizoma Based on Network Pharmacology
Antitumor Mechanisms of Curcumae Rhizoma Based on Network Pharmacology
Overview
Curcumae Rhizoma, a traditional Chinese medication, is commonly used in both traditional treatment and modern clinical care. Its anticancer effects have attracted a great deal of attention, but the mechanisms of action remain obscure. In this study, we screened for the active compounds of Curcumae Rhizoma using a drug-likeness approach. Candidate protein targets with functions related to cancer were predicted by reverse docking and then checked by manual search of the PubMed database. Potential target genes were uploaded to the GeneMANIA server and DAVID 6.8 database for analysis. Finally, compound-target, target-pathway, and compound-target-pathway networks were constructed using Cytoscape 3.3.
The results revealed that the anticancer activity of Curcumae Rhizoma potentially involves 13 active compounds, 33 potential targets, and 31 signaling pathways, thus constituting a “multiple compounds, multiple targets, and multiple pathways” network corresponding to the concept of systematic actions in TCM. These findings provide an overview of the anticancer action of Curcumae Rhizoma from a network perspective, as well as setting an example for future studies of other materials used in TCM.
Acknowledgements Yan-Hua Bi, Li-hua Zhang, Shao-jun Chen , and Qing-zhi Ling
Journal Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Publisher Hindawi | 3 | | R390.00 | |
| | Oral Health Status of Adult Heart Transplant Recipients in China | Oral Health Status of Adult Heart Transplant Recipients in China
Oral Health Status of Adult Heart Transplant Recipients in China
Overview
Limited information on the oral health status of adult heart transplant recipients (HTRs) is known. A prerequisite dental evaluation is usually recommended for patients’ post-organ transplantation because lifelong immune-suppression may predispose them to infection spread. The aim of this study was to investigate the oral health status of Chinese adult HTRs and determine the association between oral health status and history of heart transplantation (HT). We carried out a cross-sectional study to collect clinical, demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral data from 81 adult patients who received heart transplantation during 2014 to 2015 in China. Clinical examinations for the presence of dental plaque, dental calculus, dental caries, and periodontal health conditions were performed in a standardized manner by one trained examiner.
The prevalence of the above conditions was compared with 63 age and sex matched controls. General linear regression analysis was used to assess associations between mean number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) and mean community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) scores and history of heart transplant. Periodontal health status was positively associated with history of heart transplantation in Chinese adult HTRs.
Acknowledgement
Authors Ying Cao, Xi Chen, Yixin Jia, Yalin Lv and Zheng Sun
Journal Medicine (Baltimore) (2018 ) 97:38 (e12508)
Publisher Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. | 3 | | R465.00 | |
| | Opioid utilization among pediatric patients treated for newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia | Opioid utilization among pediatric patients treated for newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia
Opioid utilization among pediatric patients treated for newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia
Opioid utilization among pediatric patients treated for newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia
Overview
A cohort of pediatric patients with AML treated at hospitals contributing to the Pediatric Health Information System was used to evaluate differences in opioid utilization by sex, age, race, and insurance. Billing data were used to compute the prevalence of opioid exposure and to quantify rates of utilization among those exposed to opioids as days of use per 1000 inpatient days. Multivariable regressions were used to compare opioid prevalence, and rates of utilization among those exposed. The proportion of opioid-exposed patients increased with age, but did not differ by gender, race, or insurance status. There was moderate hospital-level variability in both the prevalence of opioid utilization overall and preference for specific opioid medications. There was greater inconsistency in practice concerning choices for supplemental and alternative opioids than in first-line opioid utilization. Additional work is needed to discern whether observed differences in opioid utilization by age and race reflect a difference in treatment or a difference in the experience of pain. Future studies should also explore the factors which guide decisions on opioid selections in an attempt to explain the variability across institutions.
Acknowledgement
Authors
Kelly D. Getz , Tamara P. Miller, Alix E. Seif , Yimei Li , Yuan-Shung V. Huang, Brian T. Fisher and Richard Aplenc.
Journal PLoS Medicine 2018 Feb Volume 13 Issue 2
Publisher Cross Mark Open Access URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5805309/pdf/pone.0192529.pdf
| 3 | | R460.00 | |
| | Mitochondrial DNA depletion by ethidium bromide decreases neuronal mitochondrial creatine kinase. | Mitochondrial DNA depletion by ethidium bromide decreases neuronal mitochondrial creatine kinase.
Mitochondrial DNA depletion by ethidium bromide decreases neuronal mitochondrial creatine kinase.
Mitochondrial DNA depletion by ethidium bromide decreases neuronal mitochondrial creatine kinase.
Overview
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the discrete genome which encodes subunits of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, is present at highly variable copy numbers across cell types. Though severe mtDNA depletion dramatically reduces mitochondrial function, the impact of tissue-specific mtDNA reduction remains debated. Previously, our lab identified reduced mtDNA quantity in the putamen of Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients who had developed L-DOPA Induced Dyskinesia (LID), compared to PD patients who had not developed LID and healthy subjects.
Here, we present the consequences of mtDNA depletion by ethidium bromide (EtBr) treatment on the bioenergetic function of primary cultured neurons, astrocytes and neuron-enriched cocultures from rat striatum. EtBr also increases glycolytic activity in astrocytes, whereas in neurons it reduces the expression of mitochondrial creatine kinase mRNA and levels of phosphor-creatine. Further, we show that mitochondrial creatine kinase mRNA is similarly downregulated in dyskinetic PD patients, compared to both non-dyskinetic PD patients and healthy subjects.
Our data support a hypothesis that reduced striatal mtDNA contributes to energetic dysregulation in the dyskinetic striatum by destabilizing the energy buffering system of the phospho-creatine/creatine shuttle.
Acknowledgement
Author Emily Booth Warren, Aidan Edward Aicher, Joshua Patrick Fessel and Christine Konradi
Journal PLoS ONE
Publisher Cross Mark
| 3 | | R455.00 | |
| | Atezolizumab: feasible second-line therapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer? A review of efficacy, safety and place in therapy | Atezolizumab: feasible second-line therapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer? A review of efficacy, safety and place in therapy
Atezolizumab: feasible second-line therapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer? A review of efficacy, safety and place in therapy
Atezolizumab: feasible second-line therapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer? A review of efficacy, safety and place in therapy Overview
Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) prognosis is still poor and has recently been reformed by the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors and the approval of anti PD-1 (programmed cell-death 1) treatments such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab in second line. More recently, Atezolizumab (MDPL 3280A), a programmed cell-death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor, was also studied in this setting.
Here, we report a review of the literature assessing the efficacy, safety, and place of Atezolizumab in the second-line treatment of advanced NSCLC. We are still far from fully understanding cancer immunity and the mechanisms leading to the success or not of immunotherapy agents. For this reason, we should investigate to a greater level the factors of failure, such as EGFR-mutant tumours.
We performed a literature search of PubMed, American Society of Clinical Oncology, European Society of Medical Oncology and World Conference on Lung Cancer meetings. Atezolizumab showed a good tolerance profile and efficacy in comparison with docetaxel for second-line treatment of advanced NSCLC. Potential predictive biomarkers also have to be assessed.
Acknowledgement
Author Fanny Jean, Pascale Tomasini and Fabrice Berlesi
Journal Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology 2017, Vol. 9(12) 769-779 Special Collection/review Immunotherapy for Lung Cancer: Progress, Opportunities and Challenges journals. sagepub.com/home/tam
| 3 | | R445.00 | |
| | Human Papillomavirus Status and the Risk of Cerebrovascular Events Following Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer | Human Papillomavirus Status and the Risk of Cerebrovascular Events Following Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer
Human Papillomavirus Status and the Risk of Cerebrovascular Events Following Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer
Human Papillomavirus Status and the Risk of Cerebrovascular Events Following Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer
Overview
Radiation therapy (RT) is a standard treatment for head and neck cancer; however, it is associated with inflammation, accelerated atherosclerosis, and cerebrovascular events. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is found in nearly half of head and neck cancers and is associated with inflammation and atherosclerosis.
The outcome of interest was the composite of ischemic stroke and transient schemic attack, and the association between HPV and CVEs was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models, competing risk analysis, and inverse probability weighting. In a multivariable model, HPV-positive status was associated with a >4 times increased risk of CVEs. In this study, HPV-positive status is associated with an increased risk of stroke or transient ischemic attack following RT for head and neck cancer. Acknowledgement
Author Daniel Addison, MD; Sara B. Seidelmann, MD, PhD; Sumbal A. Janjua, MD; Hamed Emami, MD; Pedro V. Staziaki, MD; Travis R. Hallett, BA; Balint Szilveszter, MD; Michael T. Lu, MD; Richard P. Cambria, MD; Udo Hoffmann, MD, MPH; Annie W. Chan, MD; Lori J. Wirth, MD; Tomas G. Neilan, MD, MPH
Journal Journal of the American Heart Association Volume 6 Issue 9
Publisher
2017 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.
| 3 | | R470.00 | |
| | Changes in bacterial number at different sites of oral cavity during peri-operative oral care management in gastrointestinal cancer patients: preliminary study | Changes in bacterial number at different sites of oral cavity during peri-operative oral care management in gastrointestinal cancer patients: preliminary study
Changes in bacterial number at different sites of oral cavity during peri-operative oral care management in gastrointestinal cancer patients: preliminary study
Changes in bacterial number at different sites of oral cavity during peri-operative oral care management in gastrointestinal cancer patients: preliminary study
Overview
The objective of this study was to clarify differences in bacterial accumulation between gastrointestinal cancer patients who underwent severely invasive surgery and those who underwent minimally invasive surgery. We performed a preliminary investigation of gastrointestinal cancer patients who were treated at the Takarazuka Municipal Hospital to determine changes in bacterial numbers at different sites of the oral cavity (tongue dorsum, gingiva of upper anterior teeth, palatoglossal arch), as well as mouth dryness and tongue coating indices. Specifically, patients received professional tooth cleaning (PTC), scaling, tongue cleaning, and self-care instruction regarding tooth brushing from a dental hygienist a day before the operation.
Professional oral health care was also performed by a dental hygienist two and seven days after surgery. Even with regular oral health care, bacterial numbers remained high in the upper incisor tooth gingiva in gastrointestinal cancer patients who received open surgery. Additional procedures are likely needed to effectively reduce the number of bacteria in the gingival area associated with the upper anterior teeth.
Acknowledgement
Author Tomoko Kawano, Hideo Shigeishi, Eri Fukada, Takamichi Yanagisawa, Nobukazu Kuroda, Toshinobu Takemoto and Masaru Sugiyama Journal of Applied Oral Science October 2017 URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6010331/pdf/1678-7757-jaos-26-e20170516.pdf
| 3 | | R460.00 | |
| | Diagnostic Approaches for Invasive Aspergillosis – Specific Considerations in the Pediatric Population | Diagnostic Approaches for Invasive Aspergillosis – Specific Considerations in the Pediatric Population
Diagnostic Approaches for Invasive Aspergillosis – Specific Considerations in the Pediatric Population
Diagnostic Approaches for Invasive Aspergillosis—Specific Considerations in the Pediatric Population
Overview
The Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with hematological malignancies and those undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Similar to immune-compromised adults, clinical signs, and symptoms of IA are unspecific in the pediatric patient population. As early diagnosis and prompt treatment of IA is associated with better outcome, imaging and non-invasive antigen-based such as galactomannan or ß-D-glucan and molecular biomarkers in peripheral blood may facilitate institution and choice of antifungal compounds and guide duration of therapy.
The early and reliable diagnosis of IA is difficult in immune-compromised patients, in particular in the pediatric population. In patients in whom imaging studies suggest IA or another mold infection, invasive diagnostics such as broncho-alveolar lavage and/or bioptic procedures should be considered. Here we review the current data of diagnostic approaches for IA in the pediatric setting and highlight the major differences of performance and clinical utility of the tests between children and adults.
Acknowledgement
Author Thomas Lehrnbecher , Angela Hassler , Andreas H. Groll and Konrad Bochennek
Journal Frontiers in Microbiology
Publisher Cross Mark
| 3 | | R480.00 | |
| | 21st Century Cardio-Oncology: Identifying Cardiac Safety Signals in the Era of Personalised Medicine | 21st Century Cardio-Oncology: Identifying Cardiac Safety Signals in the Era of Personalised Medicine
21st Century Cardio-Oncology: Identifying Cardiac Safety Signals in the Era of Personalised Medicine
21st Century Cardio-Oncology: Identifying Cardiac Safety Signals
Overview
Cardiotoxicity is a well-established complication of oncology therapies. Cardio-myopathy resulting from anthracyclines is a classic example. However, some of our recent therapies have introduced an assortment of cardiovascular (CV) complications. At times, these devastating outcomes have only become apparent after drug approval and have limited the use of potent therapies. There is a growing need for better testing platforms, both for CV toxicity screening, as well as for elucidating mechanisms of cardio-toxicities of approved cancer therapies.
As the focus of anticancer therapies shifts from a broadly cytotoxic approach to more targeted molecular treatments, there is increasing concern for unexpected CV toxicities that have been reported through case reports and retrospective studies This review discusses the utility of nonclinical models (in vitro, in vivo, & in silico) available and highlights recent advancements in modalities like human stem cell-derived cardio-myocytes for developing more comprehensive cardio-toxicity testing and new means of cardio-protection with targeted anticancer therapies.}
Acknowledgement
Authors
Radek Calvin Chen Sheng, MD, Laleh Amiri-Kordestani, MD, Todd Palmby, PhD, Thomas Force, MD, Charles C. Hong, MD, PhD, Joseph C. Wu, MD, PhD, Kevin Croce, MD, PhD, Geoffrey Kim, MD, and Javid Moslehi, MD
Journal JACC Basic Transl Sci. 2016 August ; 1(5): 386–398.
Publisher Department of Health & Human Services USA
| 3 | | R450.00 | |
| | Head and Neck Reconstruction with Pedicled Flaps in the Free Flap Area | Head and Neck Reconstruction with Pedicled Flaps in the Free Flap Area
Head and Neck Reconstruction with Pedicled Flaps in the Free Flap Area
Head and Neck Reconstruction with Pedicled Flaps in the Free Flap Era.
Overview
Nowadays, the transposition of micro-vascular free flaps is the most popular method for management of head and neck defects. However, not all patients are suitable candidates for free flap reconstruction. In addition, not every defect requires a free flap transfer to achieve good functional results. The aim of this study was to assess whether pedicled flap reconstruction of head and neck defects is inferior to micro-vascular free flap reconstruction in terms of complications, functionality and prognosis.
A total of 93 patients, the majority with oral cancer, were included, of which 64 were pedicled flap reconstructions (69%). The results showed no significant differences in terms of functional outcome, flap necrosis and complications in each type of reconstruction.
Multivariate regression analysis of complicated flap healing showed that only co-morbidities remained an explaining factor. Survival analysis and proportional hazard regression analysis regarding cancer relapse or distant metastasis, showed no significant differences in prognosis of patients concerning both types of reconstruction. Pedicled flaps were not significantly inferior to free flaps for reconstruction of head and neck defects, considering functionality, complications and prognosis.
Acknowledgement
Author:
R. MAHIEU, G. COLLETTI, P. BONOMO, G. PARRINELLO, A. IAVARONE, G. DOLIVET, L. LIVI, A. DEGANELLO
Journal:
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2016;36:459-468
Publisher:
Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi
| 3 | | R450.00 | |
| | Dental and Orofacial Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Craniofacial Regeneration: A prosthodontist’s point of view | Dental and Orofacial Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Craniofacial Regeneration: A prosthodontist’s point of view
Dental and Orofacial Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Craniofacial Regeneration: A prosthodontist’s point of view
Dental and Orofacial Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Craniofacial Regeneration
Overview
Of the available regenerative treatment options, craniofacial tissue regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) shows promise. The ability of stem cells to produce multiple specialised cell types along with their extensive distribution in many adult tissues have made them an attractive target for applications in tissue engineering. MSCs reside in a wide spectrum of postnatal tissue types and have been successfully isolated from orofacial tissues. These dental or orofacial derived MSCs possess self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capacities.
The cell delivery vehicle has an important role in the in vivo performance of stem cells and could dictate the success of the regenerative therapy. Among the available hydrogel biomaterials for cell encapsulation, alginate-based hydrogels have shown promising results in biomedical applications. Alginate scaffolds encapsulating MSCs can provide a suitable microenvironment for cell viability and differentiation for tissue regeneration applications. This review aims to summarise current applications of dental-derived stem cell therapy and highlight the use of alginate-based hydrogels for applications in craniofacial tissue engineering.
Acknowledgement
Author
Sahar Ansari, Jackson T. Seagroves, Chider Chen, Kumar Shah,Tara Aghaloo, Benjamin M. Wu, Sompop Bencharit and Alireza Moshaverinia Journal Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry October 2017
Publisher
Department of Health & Human Sciences USA
| 3 | | R430.00 | |
| | Apoptosis-related microRNA-145-5p enhances the effects of pheophorbide a-based photodynamic therapy in oral cancer. | Apoptosis-related microRNA-145-5p enhances the effects of pheophorbide a-based photodynamic therapy in oral cancer.
Apoptosis-related microRNA-145-5p enhances the effects of pheophorbide a-based photodynamic therapy in oral cancer.
Overview
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate key biological processes, and their aberrant expression has been related to cancer development. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as one of the most promising modalities for cancer treatment. However, the application of PDT has been limited to superficially localized human cancerous and precancerous lesions. To increase the usefulness of both PDT and miRNAs in cancer therapy, this study investigated whether apoptosis-related miRNA expression is influenced by PDT in oral cancer and whether miRNAs can enhance PDT efficacy.
To achieve this goal, we performed a miRNA array-based comparison of apoptosis-related miRNA expression patterns following PDT using pheophorbide a (Pa) as a photosensitizer. After Pa-PDT, 13.1% of the miRNAs were down-regulated, and 16.7% of the miRNAs were up-regulated. Representative miRNAs were selected according to expression difference: miR-9-5p, miR-32-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-192-5p, miR- 193a-5p, miR-204-5p, miR-212-3p, miR-338-3p, and miR-451a. Among them, only miR- 145-5p showed the consistent reduction repeatedly in all cell lines after Pa-PDT. Further, the combined treatment of a miR-145-5p mimic and Pa-PDT increased phototoxicity, reactive oxygen species generation, and apoptotic cell death, suggesting that miRNAs expression could be a useful marker for enhancing the therapeutic effect of Pa-PDT. This study will provide a promising strategy for introducing miRNA as cancer therapy.
Acknowledgement
Author: Sook Moon, Do Kyeong, Jin Kim
Journal: Oncotarge
Publisher: Advance publications 2017
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5471045/pdf/oncotarget-08-35184.pdf
| 3 | | R350.00 | |
| | Relation Between Periodontal Status and Pre-Cancerous Condition (Oral Lichen Planus): A Pilot Study. | Relation Between Periodontal Status and Pre-Cancerous Condition (Oral Lichen Planus): A Pilot Study.
Relation Between Periodontal Status and Pre-Cancerous Condition (Oral Lichen Planus): A Pilot Study.
Overview
Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the periodontal status of OLP patients and compare it with that of healthy controls. Plaque control and rigorous oral hygiene are primary requisites for the treatment of any oro-mucosal disease.
Material and Methods:
Thirty patients with the erosive and reticular form of OLP as a study group and 30 healthy subjects as a control group were selected. The periodontal status of all subjects including gingival index (GI), Russell's periodontal index (PI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were evaluated in both groups. Finally, the data was analyzed by a paired t-test using SPSS software v. 22.
Results:
The mean values of GI, PI and BOP were observed to be higher in the study group compared to the control group, and this was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The results shown are suggestive that periodontal status was poor in the study group as compared to the control group.
Conclusions:
Further studies need to investigate periodontal status in oral lichen planus patients with larger sample size, and careful follow-up of these will assure an increase in the quality of life of these patients. The patient should be informed regarding the risk of periodontal problems in OLP and should be advised to have regular dental checkups to avoid a worsening of the condition
Acknowledgement
Author:
Rai NP, Kumar P, Mustafa SM, Divakar DD, Kheraif AA, Ramakrishnaiah R, Vellapally S, Dalati MH, Parine NR, Anil S
Journal:
Advances in clinical and experimental medicine
Publisher:
Wroclaw Medical University
http://www.advances.umed.wroc.pl/pdf/2016/25/4/763.pdf
| 3 | | R380.00 | |
| | Medical Tourism. | Medical Tourism.
Overview
BACKGROUND: Medical tourism is a burgeoning industry in our region. It involves patients travelling outside of their home country for medical treatment.
OBJECTIVE:
This article provides an outline of the current research around medical tourism, especially its impact on Australians.
DISCUSSION:
Patients are increasingly seeking a variety of medical treatments abroad, particularly those involving cosmetic surgery and dental treatment, often in countries in South-East Asia. Adverse events may occur during medical treatment abroad, which raises medico-legal and insurance issues, as well as concerns regarding follow-up of patients. General practitioners need to be prepared to offer advice, including travel health advice, to patients seeking medical treatment abroad
Acknowledgement
Author:
Leggat P
Journal:
Australian family physician.
Publisher:
Focus Environmental
| 3 | | R360.00 | |
| | Standards of Psychosocial Care for Parents of Children With Cancer. | Standards of Psychosocial Care for Parents of Children With Cancer.
Standards of Psychosocial Care for Parents of Children With Cancer.
Overview
Parents and caregivers of children with cancer are both resilient and deeply affected by the child's cancer. A systematic review of published research since 1995 identified 138 studies of moderate quality indicating that parent distress increases around diagnosis, then returns to normal levels. Post-traumatic symptoms are common. Distress may be impairing for vulnerable parents and may impact a child's coping and adjustment. Moderate quality evidence and expert consensus informed a strong recommendation for parents and caregivers to receive early and ongoing assessment of their mental health needs with access to appropriate interventions facilitated to optimize parent, child, and family well being
Acknowledgement
Author:
Kearney JA, Salley CG, Muriel AC
Journal:
Pediatric blood and cancer.
Publisher:
Department of Health and Human Services.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5066591/pdf/nihms797572.pdf
| 3 | | R380.00 | |
| | No Value for Routine Chest Radiography in the Work-Up of Early Stage Cervical Cancer Patients. | No Value for Routine Chest Radiography in the Work-Up of Early Stage Cervical Cancer Patients.
No Value for Routine Chest Radiography in the Work-Up of Early Stage Cervical Cancer Patients.
Overview Aim: Evidence supporting the recommendation to include chest radiography in the work-up of all cervical cancer patients is limited. We investigated the diagnostic value of routine chest radiography in cervical cancer staging.
Methods:
All consecutive cervical cancer patients who presented at our tertiary referral centre in the Netherlands and for whom =6 months follow-up was available, were included. As part of the staging procedure, patients underwent a routine two-directional digital chest radiograph. Findings were compared to imaging studies and histology obtained during the 6 months following radiography.
Results: Of the 402 women who presented with cervical cancer, 288 underwent chest radiography and had =6 months follow-up. Early clinical stage (I/II) cervical cancer was present in 244/288 women, while 44 presented with advanced disease (stage III/IV). The chest radiograph of 1 woman - with advanced pre-radiograph stage (IVA) disease - showed findings consistent with pulmonary metastases. Radiographs of 7 other women - 4 early, 3 advanced stage disease - were suspicious for pulmonary metastases, which was confirmed by additional imaging in only 1 woman (with pre-radiograph advanced stage (IIIB) disease) and excluded in 6 cases, including all women with early stage disease.
Conclusion:
Routine chest radiography was of no value for any of the early stage cervical cancer patients presenting at our tertiary centre.
Acknowledgement
Author:
Hoogendam JP, Zweemer RP, Verkooijen HM, de Jong PA, van den Bosch MA, Verheijen RH, Veldhuis WB
Journal:
PloS one
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4489900/pdf/pone.0131899.pdf
| 3 | | R435.00 | |
| | Body Psychotherapeutic Treatment for Anxiety Disorders. | Body Psychotherapeutic Treatment for Anxiety Disorders.
Body Psychotherapeutic Treatment for Anxiety Disorders.
Edited By: David Wilson
An introduction to the field of body psychotherapy, which aims to address anxiety by intervening at the bodily level rather than the traditional reliance on verbal talking cures. Modern attachment theory has accumulated a rich source of data based on decades of audio-visual recordings, documenting the genesis of our earliest non-verbal patterns of interpersonal relating. It is hoped that this introduction will pave the way for clinicians frustrated with the limits of the talking cure to undertake further exploration in both theory and techniques suggested by body psychotherapeutic traditions as an adjunct to their existing clinical repertoire. | 3 | | R400.00 | |
| | Breast cancer: Early diagnosis and effective treatment by drug delivery tracing. | Breast cancer: Early diagnosis and effective treatment by drug delivery tracing.
Breast cancer: Early diagnosis and effective treatment by drug delivery tracing.
Overview
Breast cancer, which is the most frequent kind of cancer that attacks women have become very common in all parts of the world. It attacks women, irrespective of their race and socio-economic background. As a matter of fact, breast cancer is one of the major causes of cancer related deaths among women the world over.
The conventional treatments available for breast cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, or combination therapy. However, the accurate and early non-invasive detection of malignant disease is an important factor in the treatment and prognosis of a cancer patient. It is worth mentioning that early detection will not prevent breast cancer, although it can help find when the probability of successful treatment is the greatest.
The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the significant improvement in diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy that can be achieved by developing effective approaches based on a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of tumour metabolism. One of the conclusions of the study was that molecular imaging tools including SPECT and PET are highly effective, safe and painless diagnostic imaging modality.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Mahdiyeh Shamsi, Jalil Pirayesh Islamian
JOURNAL: Nuclear Medicine Review
PUBLISHERS: Via Medica International
URL: http://www.viamedica.com | 3 | | R430.00 | |
| | Clinically Meaningful Use of Blood Tumour Markers in Oncology. | Clinically Meaningful Use of Blood Tumour Markers in Oncology.
Clinically Meaningful Use of Blood Tumour Markers in Oncology.
Overview
Tumour marker (TM) traditionally refers to substances, mainly proteins that are either directly produced by malignant cells or are produced by other cells, in response to certain malignant or other non-malignant conditions. With that said, TMs can be associated with malignancies of a specific organ. For instance, prostrate surface antigen (PSA) in prostate cancer and thyroglobulin in thyroid cancer.
However, a TM like cancer antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), can be elevated in a variety of cancers. It is worth noting that before the development of modern imaging techniques and the molecular diagnosis, tumour markers (TMs) were among the few available diagnostic tools for the management of cancer patients. This article is therefore for a review of literatures concerning the superior performance of a combination of multiple TMs as a panel for assessment, or as part of validated algorithms that also incorporate other clinical factors.
The aim of this review was therefore to provide a concise overview of the appropriate uses of both traditional and newer TMs and their roles in diagnosis, prognosis, and the monitoring of patients in current clinical practice. The conclusion was that TMs represent a convenient and cost-effective diagnostic tool for the management of various malignancies.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Stefan Holdenrieder, Lance Pagliaro, David Morgenstern, and Farshid Dayyani
JOURNAL: BioMed Research International
PUBLISHER: Hindawi Publishing Corporation
URL: https://www.hindawi.com/ | 3 | | R450.00 | |
| | Development and Validation of a New Prognostic System for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. | Development and Validation of a New Prognostic System for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Development and Validation of a New Prognostic System for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
OVERVIEW
Liver Cancer is the sixth most common type of cancer in the world. It is equally the second most common cause of cancer death in the world. However, prognostic assessment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial. Thus, this study sort to develop and validate a new prognostic system for patients with HCC using the Italian Liver Cancer (ITA.LI.CA) database.
During this study, ITA.LI.CA stages were first of all defined using only tumor characteristics. A parametric multivariable survival model was then used to calculate the relative prognostic value of ITA.LI. However, The ITA.LI.CA integrated prognostic score showed optimal discrimination and calibration abilities in Italian patients. Findings from this study further revealed that observed as well as predicted median survival in the training and internal validation sets largely coincided.
The study equally concluded that the ITA.LI.CA prognostic system shows a strong ability to predict individual survival in European and Asian population.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Fabio Farinati1, Alessandro Vitale1, Gaya Spolverato, Timothy M. Pawlik, TehlaHuo Yun-Hsuan Lee, Anna Chiara Frigo, Anna Giacomin, Edoardo G. Giannini, Francesca Ciccarese, Fabio Piscaglia, Gian Lodovico Rapaccini, Mariella Di Marco, Eugenio Caturelli, Marco Zoli, Franco Borzio, Giuseppe Cabibbo, Martina Felder, Rodolfo Sacco, Filomena Morisco, Elisabetta Biasini, Francesco Giuseppe Foschi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Gianluca Svegliati Baroni, Roberto Virdone, Alberto Masotto, Franco Trevisani, Umberto Cillo1, ITA.LI.CA study group
JOURNAL: PLOS Medicine
PUBLISHER: Public Library of Sciences (PLOS)
URL: https://www.plos.org | 3 | | R330.00 | |
| | Differentiating Types of Stress: Coping Methods in Explaining Mechanisms Underlying Types of Burnout. | Differentiating Types of Stress: Coping Methods in Explaining Mechanisms Underlying Types of Burnout.
Differentiating Types of Stress: Coping Methods in Explaining Mechanisms Underlying Types of Burnout.
Edited By: David Wilson.
Burnout occurs when professionals use ineffective coping strategies to try to protect themselves from work-related stress. The dimensions of ‘overload’ lack of development’ and ‘neglect’, belonging to the ‘frenetic’, ’under-challenged’ and ‘worn out’ subtypes, respectively, compromise a brief typological definition of burnout. The aim of the present study was to estimate the explanatory power of the different coping strategies on the development of burnout subtypes.
| 3 | | R400.00 | |
| | Minimally Invasive Methods for Staging in Lung Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. | Minimally Invasive Methods for Staging in Lung Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Minimally Invasive Methods for Staging in Lung Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
OVERVIEW
Recently, the approach to patients with suspected non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), has changed [1]. As a matter of fact, several diagnostic and staging methods have been developed to avoid the use of more invasive techniques.
Surgical methods, such as mediastinoscopy, video assisted thoracoscopy (VATS), mediastinal dissection, and lymph node resection, are the reference standard for lung cancer lymph node staging. Nonetheless, minimally invasive methods, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or positron emission tomography (PET), as well as bronchoscopic methods, are alternatives with low complication rates and these methods are often used as the first approach for confirming or excluding metastatic disease. The objective of this study was thus to provide a synthesis of the evidence on the diagnostic performance of EBUS + EUS in patients undergoing mediastinal staging. The method used in carrying out this study was a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the diagnostic yield of EBUS + EUS compared with surgical staging.
The study was concluded that EBUS + EUS is a highly accurate and safe procedure and the combined procedure should be considered in selected patients with lymphadenopathy noted at stations that are not traditionally accessible with conventional EBUS.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHOR: Gonzalo Labarca, Carlos Aravena, Francisco Ortega, Alex Arenas, AdnanMajid, Erik Folch, Hiren J.Mehta, Michael A. Jantz, and Sebastian Fernandez-Bussy
JOURNAL: Pulmonary Medicine
PUBLISHER: Hindawi Publishing Corporation
URL: https://www.hindawi.com
| 3 | | R420.00 | |
| | Performance or activities of daily living among hospitalised cancer patients. | Performance or activities of daily living among hospitalised cancer patients.
Performance or activities of daily living among hospitalised cancer patients.
OVERVIEW
It has been revealed that digital radiography encompasses both computed It is evident that problems with performance of activities of daily living (ADL) tasks have an impact on patients’ quality of life as well as their ability to stay independent. Many researches have nonetheless documented that rehabilitation is needed when cancer patients experience decreased ability to perform ADL.
Although rehabilitation may include activities of daily living (ADL) tasks, very little is still known about how cancer patients perform these tasks and how they prioritize their daily activities. The objective of this study was therefore to identify and characterize ADL task performance problems among a group of adult disabled hospitalized cancer patients using interview and questionnaire. This Cross-sectional study on prevalence of ADL task performance problems experienced by disabled hospitalized cancer patients was carried out using the Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire and the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.
The results of this study indicated that all 118 patients reported problems with ADL task performance.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHOR: Line Lindhal-Jacobsen, Dorte Gilsa Hansen, Eva Ejlersen Waehrens, Karen La Cour & Jens Sondergaard
JOURNAL: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy
PUBLISHER: Taylor and Francis Online
URL: http://www.tandfonline.com
| 3 | | R475.00 | |
| | Practice Issues. | Practice Issues.
OVERVIEW
It is important to note that the responses to the various questions are the views independently expressed and are not necessarily opinions shared by cpdexpress.co.za. As matters involving Ethics and the law are subject to interpretation, the responses cannot, in any way, be regarded as binding or necessarily endorsed by the regulatory authorities.
There are ethical dilemmas regarding patients, colleagues and associates that one doesn’t even consider until they become issues in their practice. There are many questions to be asked regarding ethics, touting, canvassing, advertising, competition and many other issues that need to be addressed and this article addresses most of them. | 3 | | R450.00 | |
| | Private Practice: The Do's And Don'ts. | Private Practice: The Do's And Don'ts.
Private Practice: The Do's And Don'ts.
OVERVIEW
You have studied extensively to become a healthcare professional in your field of study. You have learned and become adept at identifying a vast range of conditions. You can diagnose and effectively treat those conditions within the scope of the discipline.
Now you are faced with a plethora of dilemmas. What is fair value for your services? What appliances are appropriate and reasonable? What commercial and legal structures are appropriate for you? What influence may these commercial and legal structures have on your clinical recommendations? Who may have access to your record cards? What responsibility can you delegate to your staff? Who carries final responsibility for payment of your claims – member or medical aid? What constitutes anti-competitive behavior?
This is a very informative article that will help you to run your practice within the various guidelines. | 3 | | R400.00 | |
| | Whole-Body MRI in Pediatric Patients with Cancer. | Whole-Body MRI in Pediatric Patients with Cancer.
Whole-Body MRI in Pediatric Patients with Cancer.
OVERVIEW
Statistics show that cancer is currently the leading cause of natural death in the pediatric populations of developed countries. It is however apparent that cure rates for cancers are greater than 70% in some cases when it is diagnosed in its early stages.
Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging methods have markedly improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, while avoiding the risks of ionizing radiation that are associated with most conventional radiological methods, such as computed tomography and positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Also, the advent of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in association with the development of metabolic- and function-based techniques has led to the use of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging for the screening, diagnosis, staging, response assessment, and post-therapeutic follow-up of children with solid sporadic tumours or those with related genetic syndromes.
This study is therefore a review of literature concerning the advantages, techniques, indications, and limitations of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in the management of pediatric oncology patients are presented.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AUTHORS: Marcos Duarte Guimarães, Julia Noschang, Sara Reis Teixeira, Marcel Koenigkam Santos, Henrique Manoel Lederman, Vivian Tostes, Vikas Kundra, Alex Dias Oliveira, Bruno Hochhegger and Edson Marchiori
JOURNAL: BioMed Central Cancer Imaging
PUBLISHER: BioMed Centra
URL: https://www.biomedcentral.com | 3 | | R425.00 | |